The second form of the verb have in English. Verbs to have and have got

• Verb to have (to have something) in English
• Rules of use, affirmative and negative forms of the verb
• Example sentences with the verb to have (has)

The verb ‘to have’ or ‘ ’ is one of the most widely used verbs in the English language: there are many phrases based on this verb. Let's look at the main forms of to have in the present tense, cases of its use and the most common phrases with it.

Present tense forms of the verbto have/ have got

Affirmative form	Negative form
I have = I have got = I"ve got I have Do you have He has = He has got = He"s got He has She has = She has got = She"s got She has It has = It has got = It"s got It has/He has We have = We have got = We"ve got We have You have = You have got = You"ve got You have They have = They have got = They"ve got They have	I don"t have = I haven"t got I have no You do not have He doesn't have = He hasn't got He doesn't have She doesn't have = She hasn't got She does not have It doesn't have = It hasn't got It doesn't have/It doesn't have We don"t have = We haven"t got We do not have You don"t have = You haven"t got You do not have They don"t have = They haven"t got They dont have

Question form and short answers: Do you (him, her, them, us, etc.) have it? Not really

Question withhave	Answer + (Positive)	Answer - (Negative)	Question withhave got	Answer + (Positive)	Answer - (Negative)
					No, they haven't

Uses of the verbto have/ have got:

Case 1. To indicate ownership

I've got a car.

I have a car.

She has a house.

She has a house.

They haven't got a job.

They don't have a job.

Case 2. To denote relationships between people:

She's got two sisters.

She has 2 sisters.

Do you have a brother or a sister?

Do you have Brother or sister?

Set phrases with a verbto have(but NOT withhave got)

	something to eat	breakfast have a cup of coffee have a snack
		to take a bath take a shower swim take a break rest have a party to go on holiday
		To get into an accident have experience
		chat talk
		have difficulties have fun a good time

VERBSTHATBE, TO HAVE (HAVE GOT)

Verbs tobe(to be, to be) and tohave(to have) have several forms in the present and past tense. They can be used in a sentence as semantic, auxiliary and modal verbs. The verb to be is also used as a linking verb and is part of the phrase there + be.

Verbs tobe And tohave as auxiliary and tobe are not translated as a linking verb. They serve to form tense forms of verbs.

Like modal verbs tobe And tohave used in combination with an infinitive with a particle to and denote: tobe (to) - the need to perform an action by prior agreement (according to plan), as well as orders and instructions; tohave (to) - obligation, the need to perform an action due to some circumstances.

For example:

a) Not is at home now. He is at home now.

She is a doctor. She is a doctor.

I am writing a letter. I'm writing a letter.

We are to take exams in June. We have to take exams in June.

b) He has a red pencil. He has a red pencil.

The boy has read the book. The boy read a book.

I had to get up early. I had to get up early.

During education interrogative form verb tobe are placed in first place before the subject (in the present and past tense), agreeing with it in person and number. When forming a negative form, the particle not is used immediately after the corresponding form tobe: amnot, isnot (isn't" t), arenot (aren't" t), wasnot (wasn't" t), werenot (weren't" t).

In interrogative sentences future tense auxiliary verbs shall And will are placed before the subject, and in negatives - a particle not used after them: shallnot (shan" t), willnot (won" t).

For example:

Are are you a student? No, I am not a student.

How old are you? I'm seventeen.

Were they at school yesterday? No, they were not there.

Will he be busy tomorrow? No, he will not (won't) be busy tomorrow.

Tohave And havegot have the same lexical meaning, but have got is usually used in the present tense in informal colloquial speech, as well as when talking about isolated specific cases.

I have got some money on me. I have money with me.

She has got a headache now. She has a headache.

But: The President has a meeting The President is currently meeting with

with the Prime Minister now. prime minister.

I often have headache. I get headaches often.

IN present tense interrogative and negative sentences with a verb tohave are formed in two ways:

Do you have a bicycle? I don't have a bicycle.

Have you a bicycle? I haven't a bicycle.

Interrogative sentences with havegot formed by placing a verb have in the appropriate form before the subject, and negative ones - using a particle not after the verb have.

Have you got a bicycle? I haven't got a bicycle.

Have you got a headache? You have a headache?

No, I haven't got a headache. No, I don't have a headache.

Has he got a dictionary now? Does he have a dictionary now?

No, he hasn't got a dictionary. No, he doesn't have a dictionary.

IN past tense in affirmative sentences the form is usually used had, and interrogative and negative sentences are formed using auxiliary verbs did And didn't" t(but a possible option: Hadyou...?)

Did you have time to prepare for You had time yesterday

the lessons yesterday? prepare for lessons?

No, I didn't have time to do it. No, I didn't have time to do it.

Did you have/had you an umbrella

when did you leave the house? from home?

Negative sentences with verb tohave can also be formed using a negative pronoun nO. In this case, the nouns are used without article and without a pronoun any.

We have no car. We don't have a car.

I have no time for it. I don't have time for this.

She has no friends here. She has no friends here.

IN future tense Interrogative sentences are formed by using auxiliary verbs shall/ will before the subject, and in negative sentences the particle not stands between the auxiliary and main verb.

Will you have lessons tomorrow? - Do you have lessons tomorrow?

No, we shall not (shan"t) have - No, we won’t have lessons tomorrow.

lessons tomorrow.

Verb tohave can be part of stable verb combinations like:

to have a good time - have a good time,

to have a rest - to rest,

to have classes - to study,

to have tea (coffee) – drink tea (coffee),

to have meals (breakfast, dinner, supper) - to eat (breakfast, lunch, dinner).

Interrogative and negative sentences in similar phrases with a verb tohave always formed using auxiliary verbs do (does), did.

Do you have dinner at 2? Do you have lunch at 2 o'clock?

Does he have English classes every day? Does he study English every day?

We didn't have a dictation yesterday. We didn't write a dictation yesterday.

Verb have translates as “to have” and is used when we say that we have something.

If you studied English at school, then you know that we can also say this with have got. Since the rules for using this verb have changed a little, many people are confused about when to use have and when to use got.

In this article I will tell you how to use this verb correctly and how to build sentences with it.

From the article you will learn:

Using have in English

The verb have in a sentence can be:

2. Smyslov, that is, to carry meaning. In this case, have is translated as “to have, to possess something.”

Example

I have a car.
I have a car (Literally: I have a car).

It is as a semantic verb that we will consider have in this article.

How to construct sentences with the verb have in English

The verb have is translated as “to have, to own, to possess something.” We can use it in the present, past and future tense. Let's look at all 3 cases in a similar way.

The verb have in the present tense

To say that someone has something/someone, we use the verb have. To do this, we put have after the main character in the sentence (I, you, he, they, children, Tom).

Depending on the character, have can have the following forms:

• has - when we talk about someone in the singular (he, she, it, Tom, Mary);
• have - for everyone else (I, they, we, you, you, children, friends).

After have we put what we have/possess.

Note: if we are talking about an object or living creature in the singular, then before this word we put the article a/an.

I told you in detail about articles in this article.

Let's look at the diagram of a sentence with the verb have.

Character + have/has + object/creature/person.

I
You
We	have	a car
They		a sister
She		a cat
He	has
It

Examples

They have a dog.
They have a dog.

She has a phone.
She has a phone.

We have a flat.
We have an apartment.

The verb have in the past tense

If we want to say that we had something, had something in the past, we use the past tense (Past Simple).

In the past tense, the verb have has the form had. It does not change in any way depending on the character.

The outline of such a proposal:

Character + had + object/creature/person.

I
You
We		a car
They	had	a phone
She		a problem
He
It

Examples

They had the book.
They had this book.

She had a bicycle.
She had a bicycle.

The verb have in the future tense

To say that you will have something/someone in the future, we need to put have in the future tense (Future Simple). To do this, we put the auxiliary verb will before have.

At the same time, we do not change have in any way depending on the character.

The outline of such a proposal:

Character + will have + object/creature/person.

I
You
We			a car
They	will	have	a phone
She			a cat
He
It

Examples

We will have a dog.
We will have a dog.

He will have a house.
He will have a home.

Negative sentences with the verb have in English

We can say that we do not have, did not have, will not have something. For this we use negation.

Previously, negative sentences with have did not require an auxiliary verb to form. We just needed to put a negative particle after our verb.

I don't have a car.
I do not have a car.

You can find such sentences in books.

Now in English we form negation using an auxiliary verb (do, does, did, will) and the negative particle not.

For each tense, of course, we use a different auxiliary verb.

Negative sentences with have in the present tense

In the present tense we form negation using the auxiliary verb do and the negative particle not.

If we are talking about someone in the singular (he, she, Tom), then we use the auxiliary verb does and the negative particle not. We do not change the verb have itself.

You can read this rule in detail in the article Present Simple.

Abbreviations

We can shorten do/does with a negative not like this:

do + not = don’t;
does + not = doesn’t.

Now let's look at the diagram of such a proposal.

Character + do/does + not + have + object/creature/person.

I
You
We	do			a car
They		not	have	a sister
She				a cat
He	does
It

Examples

I don't have a brother.
I do not have a brother.

She doesn't’ thave a rabbit.
She doesn't have a rabbit.

Negative sentences with have in the past tense

To say that we did not have something or someone in the past, we put the auxiliary verb did with the negative particle not in English.

We can use the abbreviation:

did + not = didn't’ t.

The outline of such a proposal would be:

Character + did + not + have + object/creature/person.

I
You
We				a car
They	did	not	have	a phone
She				a problem
He
It

Examples

They didn't have a cat.
She didn't have a cat.

She didn't’ thave friends.
She had no friends.

Negative sentences with have in the future tense

To say that we won't have something in the future, we put not after our will.

We can shorten:

will + not = won't.

The outline of such a proposal:

Character + will + not + have + object/creature/person.

I
You
We				a car
They	will	not	have	a phone
She				a problem
He
It

Examples

They won't have problems.
They won't have problems.

She won’ thave time.
She won't have time.

Interrogative sentences with the verb have in English

We can ask whether a person has something, whether it was, or whether it will be.

Just like with negation, it used to be possible to form a question by simply putting have in the first place in the sentence.

For example

Have you a sister?
Do you have a sister?

But now, to form a question, we use auxiliary verbs, which we put first in the sentence. For each tense we use a different auxiliary verb.

Interrogative sentences with have in the present tense

To ask if a person has something, we put the auxiliary verb do first in the sentence.

If the actor is he, she, it, then we use the auxiliary verb does.

The outline of such a proposal:

Do/does + character + have + object/creature/person?

	I
	you
Do	we		a car?
	they	have	a sister?
	she		a cat?
Does	he
	it

Example

Do you have a pen?
Do you have a pen?

Does he have a wife?
He has a wife?

Interrogative sentences with have in the past tense

To ask whether a person had something in the past, we need to put the auxiliary verb did first in the sentence.

The proposal outline will be:

Did + character + have + object/creature/person?

	I
	you
	we		a car?
Did	they	have	a phone?
	she		a problem?
	he
	it

Examples

Did they have a plan?
Did they have a plan?

Did he have a scooter?
Did he have a scooter?

Interrogative sentences with have in the future tense

To ask whether a person will have something, we move the auxiliary verb will to the first place in the sentence.

Its diagram will be like this:

Will + character + have + object/creature/person?

	I
	you
	we		a car?
Will	they	have	a phone?
	she		a problem?
	he
	it

Examples

Will they have a car?
Will they have a car?

Will she have a solution?
Will she have a solution?

Using the expression have got in English

You may come across such a combination as have got. It is often used in spoken English, especially British English.

The meaning of have got is no different from have. We also use it when we say we own something. Only the have got construction is more informal.

This expression is used only in the present tense. Let's look at all types of offers with it.

Affirmative sentences with have got

The character comes first in the sentence. Depending on the character, have got can have the following forms:

• has got - when we talk about someone in the singular (he, she, it, Tom, Mary);
• have got - for everyone else (I, they, we, you, you, children, friends).

The proposal outline will be as follows:

a phone She a problem He has got It

Examples

I have got a watch.
I have a watch.

She has got a bag.
She has a bag.

Negative sentences with have got

Unlike the verb have, the expression have got does not require an auxiliary verb. That's why we simply put not after have.

In this case, have, as well as in affirmative sentences, changes depending on the character.

We can use the following abbreviations:

have + not = haven’t
has + not = hasn’t.

The outline of such a proposal:

Actor + have/has + not + got + object/creature/person.

tgot a cup.
She doesn't have a cup.

Interrogative sentences with have got

Just like in negation, we don't need an auxiliary verb to ask a question. We simply move have to the first place in the sentence.

For she, he, it we use has.

The outline of such a proposal:

Have + character + got + object/creature/person?

I
You
We	have			a car
They		not	got	a sister
She

	I
	you
Have	we		a car
	they	got	a sister
	she		a cat
Has	he
	it

Examples

Have you got a bottle of water?
Do you have a bottle of water?

Has she got a pen?
Does she have a pen?

So, we have figured out how to build sentences with one of the most popular verbs - have. Now let's put the theory into practice.

Reinforcement task

Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Do you have cookies?
2. She didn’t have a notebook.
3. They have this book.
4. We will have a swimming pool.
5. Does she have a bracelet?
6. He doesn't have a girlfriend.

Verb " to have" (to own) in English is used in quite different situations and can be translated into Russian in different ways. In this article you will learn the main situations when this verb is used. You will also learn about the verb " have got", which also means "to own."

Verb to have

• To have is a main verb used to indicate possession (ownership) of something (not only material), properties of something (or its characteristics), kinship or connection, for example, the quality of one thing in relation to another:

I have a cat. → U Eat me cat.
I have a lot of free time these days. → Now at Eat me) a lot of free time.

Dmitry has a sister in France. → At Dmitry's There is sister in France.

He has three books by Hemingway. → He It has/U he has it three books by Hemingway.
She has fair hair → She has blonde hair.

• Verb " to have" is also used to denote a large number of actions, here are some of them (the main thing is to understand the meaning, not to be scared and think “how to translate this”):

have a bath, wash, shower, etc → take a bath (lie in it), do laundry, take a shower (under running water), etc.
have → have breakfast, lunch, dinner.

have fun → have a good time, “have fun.”
have time available → to have time for something.

have questions → have a question.
have a party → hold a party.

have a walk, hike, ride, etc. → take a walk, go on a hike, ride a horse, etc.
have a discussion, fight, argument etc. → discuss, fight, assert...

Examples:

I usually have breakfast at seven o'clock. → Usually, I I'm having breakfast at seven o'clock.

Anna is having a bath at the moment (time). → Anna now taking a bath.

• Used as . It can be easily identified by its design" have to". Here it expresses a requirement to perform some routine action (but not always). It is often used by native speakers as an action that carries responsibility, duty .

This form" have"also has a similar meaning to the modal verb" must" - when talking about responsibilities, native speakers prefer to use it (for example: I must talk to Peter. It’s important)."

Verb " must" used when they want to talk about very serious for the speaker(or if they are considered to be such) duties (for example: I must feed my family).

A few examples:

They have to work hard on Saturdays (routine for them). → On Saturdays they must Hard to work.
I have to return books to the school library. → I must return books to the school library.

I must be rich (very important for the speaker). → I must to be rich.
I must to defend my homeland. → I must defend your homeland.

Verb have got

• The verb "have got" is more characteristic of British English. It also serves to indicate possession (ownership) of something (not only material), properties of something (or its characteristics), kinship or connection. For example:

He has got some friends in London. → He has a few friends in London

Anna has got three sisters → Anna has three sisters.

I have got a new car. → I have new car.

Americans also sometimes use " have got"but more often" gotten" or simply " (to) have"(consider it an analogue/synonym - it's easier this way).

I had a copy of that book. (). → I had a copy of that book.

I have got a copy of that book. (). → I have a copy of that book.

• The penultimate significant difference is the reduction. Verb " have" has no abbreviations, for example, you cannot say “I’ve a red bicycle” only “I have a red bicycle". And here is " have got" on the contrary, has contractions (in affirmation and negation):

I' we got a red bicycle (I have got a red bicycle). → I have Red bicycle.

She hasn't got a dog (she has not got a dog). → She has no dog.

• And the last main difference, where confusion often arises, is the negative and interrogative constructions of these two verbs.

You can understand these differences in the picture below. I'll just say that " have got" does not need help (in this case, “do”, since let me remind you that “have got” is used in the Present Simple)

The verb to have in English, along with the verbs to be and to do, plays one of the key roles in the construction of phrases and sentences in relation to all tenses used. Depending on the context in which the semantic phrase is used, its meaning can be completely different.

Verb to have: basic meaning

As for the main use of this verb, so to speak, in its pure form, it is most often translated or defined as “to have” or “to possess.”

In the simplest case, when a phrase is constructed in the singular or plural of the first and third person, it is used in the basic form. For example, I (we, they, you) have a dog - “I (we, they, you) have a dog.” However, for the third person singular and for constructing sentences indicating a past (accomplished) event, other forms are used.

Conjugation

In order to fully understand the specifics of its application, the verb has (had) as a derivative of the basic indefinite form to have should be considered precisely in the context of conjugation using persons and tenses. The meaning put into any phrase will depend on this.

The forms of the verb have (or more correctly, to have) look like this.

Please note that in relation to the pronoun you, the verb is used in the same form, but sometimes in English the pronoun itself can have the context of both references to “you” and references to “you”. In the American language, everything is simpler in this regard. The fact is that it always uses the “you” address, even in the sense of using the verb to be (in this case, its forms are).

For example, the phrase Are you sure? Can be translated both as “Are you sure?” and as “Are you sure?” The same is true with the verb to have.

Verb has (had): difference in usage

Based on the above system of conjugation of the main verb, it is not difficult to draw a conclusion about the use of some of its forms. As is already clear, the English verbs “has” refer to the third person present tense (he, she, it), and the form “had” is a derivative for constructing sentences of the past tense for any person and number (this will be discussed separately).

Using a verb in the present tense

As already mentioned, the basic form to have and its derivative (the English verb has in particular) in the present tense denote the possession of something (as shown in the example above).

The form changes from have to has only when the person and number change. That is, has is used exclusively in cases where the main pronoun is he, she or it (third person singular). For example, She has a dog - “She has a dog.” This one is simple. However, the correct form of the verb has is the main verb to have (indefinite form).

Using a verb in the past tense

With the past tense things are not so simple. The point here is that phrases may not be limited to the use of the special form had, and therefore a sentence may have different meanings in terms of the period of time when a certain action occurred.

To make it clearer, let's look at two examples. For the first case, let's take the phrase I had a pen. It can be translated as “I had a pen” (once upon a time). But if you use two forms of the main verb in the sentence I have had a pen, the meaning changes radically. This expression can also be interpreted as “I had a pen,” but the action has just ended. Roughly speaking, the pen was there a few moments ago, but now it’s gone.

In addition, the verb to have can be used with other verbs, but together they indicate different time periods of actions and their completeness. Thus, the phrase I have visited an exhibition can be translated as “I visited (visited) the exhibition” (just now). But when the sentence I have been visiting an exhibition is used (or with the abbreviation I've been - forms of the verb have can also have this form like shortened versions of to be in affirmative, interrogative or negative sentences), the interpretation implies that visiting the exhibition as lasting action took place at the very moment in question.

If the sentence also contains a past tense verb, the meaning changes accordingly (I’ve been visited... - “I was visited (by someone)”, “I was visited/visited”).

But participles may also be present, for example, I’ve been crying - “I cried / cried” at the very moment in question (literally - “I was / was crying / crying”).

By the way, Americans often add the verb to get when constructing past tense phrases. In this case, the phrase I’ve got.. is almost equivalent to a regular past tense sentence, although it can be literally translated as “I received/received”, “I became/became the owner”, etc.

Constructing sentences in the future tense

The conjugation of the verb has, hopefully, is already clear, although by and large this is an absolutely incorrect formulation of the question, since it is not the verb has that is conjugated, but its basic form to have. But let's move on to constructing sentences in the future tense. There is a lot of interesting things here too. As a rule, to describe actions in the near future, that is, if something needs to be done right now, the verb to have can also be used, but in this case it means some kind of obligation. True, in the Russian language there is no pure analogue to such phrases. Let's explain with an example.

The phrase I have to go into Russian can be literally translated as “I have to go.” Brad, isn't it? To adjust in terms of the described obligation, the translation “I must leave” is used, which is more clearly described by the English phrase I must go. But a complete analogy in translation can be found in the same Ukrainian language, which in this regard is somewhat closer to European ones. Literally, the above phrase can be translated as “I may go,” which means “I must (must) leave.” In this case, the meaning includes an action that needs to be performed now or in some period of time after voicing the intention.

Inconsistencies between English and American: Interrogative Sentences

Let's leave the verb has (had) aside for now and look at some of the nuances that can be found in pure English and unified American languages. From the point of view of constructing interrogative sentences, in English they must begin with a main verb denoting a specific action. In other words, you could ask your interlocutor whether he has a dog using the phrase Have you a dog?. From an English point of view this is correct. But Americans often add the action verb to do to the seemingly main verb to have, which plays the main role. Thus, the question about a dog in the American version looks like this: Do you have a dog?

In addition, very often you can find phrases like “You have a dog?”, and in interrogative form. If translated, this phrase could mean surprise, “Oh, you have a dog?” The emphasis is either on the word “is” or on the word “dog”. In other words, the question implies ordinary surprise at a certain fact. By the way, Americans simply ignore the classical rules for constructing sentences of any time or any level of complexity, in contrast to the inhabitants of old England with its established traditions.

Conclusion

As can be seen from the above, the verb has (had) is just one of the forms of the main verb to have. And its use, depending on the type of situation, can be completely different. But, I think, the main aspects are already clear to most readers using the simplest examples. By and large, the American language is easier for residents of non-English-speaking countries, and it is simply impossible to learn English, not to mention the Scottish or Irish dialect, without living in the UK with everyday communication.