Sumtsov, Nikolai Fedorovich. Nikolay Fedorovich Sumtsov N f Sumtsov

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Nikolai Fedorovich Sumtsov(Russian doref.: Nikolai Θedorovich Sumtsov, 1854, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire - 1922, Kharkov, USSR) - Ukrainian ethnographer, literary critic, art historian, museum activist. Ideologist of Ukrainophilism. Corresponding member of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1905), in the year of the reign of Pavel Skoropadsky, he was elected one of the first academicians of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.

Biography

Immediately after the death of his father, the family moved from the Northern capital to the Kharkov region. Nikolai Sumtsov received his education at the 2nd Kharkov Gymnasium (where he showed particular success in German and French). During his high school years, Sumtsov made his first recordings of folk songs of Slobozhanshchina (Ukrainian-language, mostly). Among his favorite writers were Ivan Kotlyarevsky and Kvitka-Osnovyanenko. Then Sumtsov studied at the Faculty of History and Philology of Kharkov University, from which he graduated in 1875. He studied in Germany for 2 or 3 years, and in 1878 he defended a dissertation pro venia legendi on Prince V.F. Odoevsky and began to lecture as a private lecturer on the history of Russian literature. Since 1880 - permanent secretary of the university. In 1880 he defended his master’s thesis “On wedding rites, mainly Russian”, and in 1885 he defended his doctorate “Bread in rituals and songs”.

Since 1887, Sumtsov was the chairman of the Historical and Philological Society at Kharkov University, and headed the commission for organizing public readings for women. Since 1888, he has been an ordinary professor at Kharkov University and a member of the board of trustees of the Kharkov educational district. The Academy of Sciences several times entrusted him with reviewing scientific works submitted for the Makaryev and Uvarov Prizes. In various publications, mainly in “Kyiv Antiquity”, “Ethnographic Review”, “Collection of Kharkov Historical and Philological. general”, “Russian Philological Bulletin”. Sumtsov published about 300 studies, articles and notes, scientific and journalistic. In 1892, on his initiative, the Pedagogical Department at the Historical and Philological Society arose and the publication of the “Proceedings” of this department began.

In 1896, Sumtsov discovered a unique Old Believer handwritten collection “The Spiritual Sword” - “Interpretations on the Apocalypse.” The latter essay includes criticism of the religious doctrine of the Freemasons.

In 1897-1919, Sumtsov headed the Historical and Philological Society at Kharkov University. Since 1905, Sumtsov was in charge of the University Ethnographic Museum. He actively participated in the work of the publishing committee of the Kharkov Literacy Society (compiled several brochures for public reading). He was a member of the Kharkov City Duma for several four years. Sumtsov is the author of articles on Little Russian and South Slavic ethnography and literature in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, numerous collections of Ukrainian folk poetry, and ethnographic research. He paid a lot of attention to the history of the Sloboda Cossack Army (SLKV), destroyed by Catherine the Second on July 26, 1765. He wrote a series of articles about kobzarism and outstanding kobzars: “Study of kobzarism” (1905), “Bandurist Kucherenko” (1907), etc. He attributed Bulgarian origin to the kobzar tradition.

Proceedings

Works on the history of Russian literature

Monographs about legends, stories, epic motives, thoughts

• Essay on the history of witchcraft in Europe - Kharkov, 1878.
• About wedding rituals - Kharkov, 1881.
• articles about Easter eggs, about cultural experiences, about curses - mostly. in “Kyiv antiquity.
• Thought about Alexei Popovich - 1894.
• Slobidsko-Ukrainian historical songs - Kharkov, 1918.

Ethnographic studies and collections

Monographs on art history and pedagogy

• “Leonardo da Vinci” (“Collected Kharkiv historical-philological society,” 1900).
• “A manual for organizing scientific and literary readings” (Khark., 1895 and 1896).
• "Cultural Experiences" (1889-1890).

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Literature about Sumtsov

• // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
• // Small Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 4 volumes - St. Petersburg. , 1907-1909.
• “Proceedings of ped. department Khark. historical-philol. about-va", vol. VII, Kharkov, 1902;
• Redin E. Professor Nikolai Fedorovich Sumtsov. - X., 1906
• “Collection Kharkov. historical-philol. about-va", vol. XVIII, 1909
• Sumtsov Mikola Fedorovich // Shudrya E. Descendants of folk mythology: Biobibliographical drawings / Ed. M. Selivachova. - Kiev: Ant, 2008. - pp. 13-16.
• Petrov V. Sumtsov as a historian of ethnography // ZIPhV UAN, book. 7-8. - K., 1926.
• Doroshenko V. Academician Mikola Sumtsov // Pratsi Ist.-Philol. Partnerships in Prazia, vol. I. - Prague, 1926.
• Mikola Fedorovich Sumtsov. Description of documentary materials of the special fund, part 794, 1876–1921. - K., 1965.

Links

	in Wikisource

• on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Notes

Excerpt characterizing Sumtsov, Nikolai Fedorovich

Natasha, in the morning, when they told her about the wound and the presence of Prince Andrei, decided that she should see him. She did not know what it was for, but she knew that the meeting would be painful, and she was even more convinced that it was necessary.
All day she lived only in the hope that at night she would see him. But now, when this moment came, the horror of what she would see came over her. How was he mutilated? What was left of him? Was he like that incessant groan of the adjutant? Yes, he was like that. He was in her imagination the personification of this terrible groan. When she saw an obscure mass in the corner and mistook his raised knees under the blanket for his shoulders, she imagined some kind of terrible body and stopped in horror. But an irresistible force pulled her forward. She carefully took one step, then another, and found herself in the middle of a small, cluttered hut. In the hut, under the icons, another person was lying on the benches (it was Timokhin), and two more people were lying on the floor (these were the doctor and the valet).
The valet stood up and whispered something. Timokhin, suffering from pain in his wounded leg, did not sleep and looked with all his eyes at the strange appearance of a girl in a poor shirt, jacket and eternal cap. The sleepy and frightened words of the valet; “What do you need, why?” - they only forced Natasha to quickly approach what was lying in the corner. No matter how scary or unlike a human this body was, she had to see it. She passed the valet: the burnt mushroom of the candle fell off, and she clearly saw Prince Andrei lying with his arms outstretched on the blanket, just as she had always seen him.
He was the same as always; but the inflamed color of his face, his sparkling eyes, fixed enthusiastically on her, and especially the tender child’s neck protruding from the folded collar of his shirt, gave him a special, innocent, childish appearance, which, however, she had never seen in Prince Andrei. She walked up to him and with a quick, flexible, youthful movement knelt down.
He smiled and extended his hand to her.

For Prince Andrei, seven days have passed since he woke up at the dressing station of the Borodino field. All this time he was in almost constant unconsciousness. The fever and inflammation of the intestines, which were damaged, in the opinion of the doctor traveling with the wounded man, should have carried him away. But on the seventh day he happily ate a slice of bread with tea, and the doctor noticed that the general fever had decreased. Prince Andrei regained consciousness in the morning. The first night after leaving Moscow it was quite warm, and Prince Andrei was left to spend the night in a carriage; but in Mytishchi the wounded man himself demanded to be carried out and to be given tea. The pain caused to him by being carried into the hut made Prince Andrei moan loudly and lose consciousness again. When they laid him on a camp bed, he lay for a long time with his eyes closed without moving. Then he opened them and quietly whispered: “What should I have for tea?” This memory for the small details of life amazed the doctor. He felt the pulse and, to his surprise and displeasure, noticed that the pulse was better. To his displeasure, the doctor noticed this because, from his experience, he was convinced that Prince Andrei could not live and that if he did not die now, he would only die with great suffering some time later. With Prince Andrei they were carrying the major of his regiment, Timokhin, who had joined them in Moscow with a red nose and was wounded in the leg in the same Battle of Borodino. With them rode a doctor, the prince's valet, his coachman and two orderlies.
Prince Andrey was given tea. He drank greedily, looking ahead at the door with feverish eyes, as if trying to understand and remember something.
- I don’t want anymore. Is Timokhin here? - he asked. Timokhin crawled towards him along the bench.
- I'm here, your Excellency.
- How's the wound?
- Mine then? Nothing. Is that you? “Prince Andrei began to think again, as if remembering something.
-Can I get a book? - he said.
- Which book?
- Gospel! I have no.
The doctor promised to get it and began asking the prince about how he felt. Prince Andrei reluctantly, but wisely answered all the doctor’s questions and then said that he needed to put a cushion on him, otherwise it would be awkward and very painful. The doctor and the valet lifted the greatcoat with which he was covered and, wincing at the heavy smell of rotten meat spreading from the wound, began to examine this terrible place. The doctor was very dissatisfied with something, changed something differently, turned the wounded man over so that he groaned again and, from the pain while turning, again lost consciousness and began to rave. He kept talking about getting this book for him as soon as possible and putting it there.
- And what does it cost you! - he said. “I don’t have it, please take it out and put it in for a minute,” he said in a pitiful voice.
The doctor went out into the hallway to wash his hands.
“Ah, shameless, really,” the doctor said to the valet, who was pouring water on his hands. “I just didn’t watch it for a minute.” After all, you put it directly on the wound. It’s such a pain that I’m surprised how he endures it.
“It seems like we planted it, Lord Jesus Christ,” said the valet.
For the first time, Prince Andrei understood where he was and what had happened to him, and remembered that he had been wounded and how at that moment when the carriage stopped in Mytishchi, he asked to go to the hut. Confused again from pain, he came to his senses another time in the hut, when he was drinking tea, and then again, repeating in his memory everything that had happened to him, he most vividly imagined that moment at the dressing station when, at the sight of the suffering of a person he did not love, , these new thoughts came to him, promising him happiness. And these thoughts, although unclear and indefinite, now again took possession of his soul. He remembered that he now had new happiness and that this happiness had something in common with the Gospel. That's why he asked for the Gospel. But the bad situation that his wound had given him, the new upheaval, again confused his thoughts, and for the third time he woke up to life in the complete silence of the night. Everyone was sleeping around him. A cricket screamed through the entryway, someone was shouting and singing on the street, cockroaches rustled on the table and icons, in the autumn a thick fly beat on his headboard and near the tallow candle, which had burned like a large mushroom and stood next to him.
His soul was not in a normal state. A healthy person usually thinks, feels and remembers simultaneously about a countless number of objects, but he has the power and strength, having chosen one series of thoughts or phenomena, to focus all his attention on this series of phenomena. A healthy person, in a moment of deepest thought, breaks away to say a polite word to the person who has entered, and again returns to his thoughts. The soul of Prince Andrei was not in a normal state in this regard. All the forces of his soul were more active, clearer than ever, but they acted outside of his will. The most diverse thoughts and ideas simultaneously possessed him. Sometimes his thought suddenly began to work, and with such strength, clarity and depth with which it had never been able to act in a healthy state; but suddenly, in the middle of her work, she broke off, was replaced by some unexpected idea, and there was no strength to return to it.
“Yes, I have discovered a new happiness, inalienable from a person,” he thought, lying in a dark, quiet hut and looking ahead with feverishly open, fixed eyes. Happiness that is outside of material forces, outside of material external influences on a person, the happiness of one soul, the happiness of love! Every person can understand it, but only God can recognize and prescribe it. But how did God prescribe this law? Why son?.. And suddenly the train of these thoughts was interrupted, and Prince Andrei heard (not knowing whether he was in delirium or in reality he was hearing this), he heard some quiet, whispering voice, incessantly repeating in rhythm: “And drink piti drink” then “and ti tii” again “and piti piti piti” again “and ti ti.” At the same time, to the sound of this whispering music, Prince Andrei felt that some strange airy building made of thin needles or splinters was erected above his face, above the very middle. He felt (although it was difficult for him) that he had to diligently maintain his balance so that the building that was being erected would not collapse; but it still fell down and slowly rose again at the sounds of steadily whispering music. “It’s stretching!” stretches! stretches and everything stretches,” Prince Andrei said to himself. Along with listening to the whisper and feeling this stretching and rising building of needles, Prince Andrei saw in fits and starts the red light of a candle surrounded in a circle and heard the rustling of cockroaches and the rustling of a fly beating on the pillow and on his face. And every time the fly touched his face, it produced a burning sensation; but at the same time he was surprised by the fact that, hitting the very area of ​​​​the building erected on his face, the fly did not destroy it. But besides this, there was one more important thing. It was white by the door, it was a sphinx statue that was also crushing him.
“But maybe this is my shirt on the table,” thought Prince Andrei, “and these are my legs, and this is the door; but why is everything stretching and moving forward and piti piti piti and tit ti - and piti piti piti... - Enough, stop, please, leave it, - Prince Andrei begged someone heavily. And suddenly the thought and feeling emerged again with extraordinary clarity and strength.
“Yes, love,” he thought again with perfect clarity), but not the love that loves for something, for something or for some reason, but the love that I experienced for the first time, when, dying, I saw my enemy and still fell in love with him. I experienced that feeling of love, which is the very essence of the soul and for which no object is needed. I still experience this blissful feeling. Love your neighbors, love your enemies. To love everything - to love God in all manifestations. You can love a dear person with human love; but only an enemy can be loved with divine love. And from this I experienced such joy when I felt that I loved that person. What about him? Is he alive... Loving with human love, you can move from love to hatred; but divine love cannot change. Nothing, not death, nothing can destroy it. She is the essence of the soul. And how many people have I hated in my life. And of all the people, I have never loved or hated anyone more than her.” And he vividly imagined Natasha, not the way he had imagined her before, with only her charm, joyful for himself; but for the first time I imagined her soul. And he understood her feeling, her suffering, shame, repentance. Now for the first time he understood the cruelty of his refusal, saw the cruelty of his break with her. “If only it were possible for me to see her just one more time. Once, looking into these eyes, say..."

Nikolai Fedorovich Sumtsov - folklorist, ethnographer, literary critic, historian. Corresponding member of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1905).
Born in 1854 in St. Petersburg to a noble family, he received his education at the 2nd Kharkov Gymnasium and at the Faculty of History and Philology of Kharkov University; in 1878 he defended his dissertation pro venia legendi on the book. V.F. Odoevsky and began to read lectures on the history of Russian literature as a private assistant professor; in 1880 he defended his master’s thesis “On wedding rites, mainly Russian”, and in 1885 he defended his doctoral dissertation “Bread in rituals and songs”.

He was an ordinary professor at Kharkov University and a member of the board of trustees of the Kharkov educational district. The Academy of Sciences several times entrusted him with reviewing scientific works submitted for the Makaryev and Uvarov Prizes. In various publications, mainly in “Kyiv Antiquity”, “Ethnographic Review”, “Collection of Kharkov Historical and Philological. gen.", "Russian Philological Bulletin". Sumtsov published about 300 studies, articles and notes, scientific and journalistic.

He was the chairman of the Pedagogical Department of the Historical and Philological Society at Kharkov University, and headed the commission for organizing public readings for women; in 1892, on his initiative, a pedagogical department arose at the Historical and Philological Society and the publication of the “Proceedings” of this department began; actively participated in the work of the publishing committee of the Kharkov Literacy Society (compiled several brochures for public reading); For several four years he was a member of the Kharkov City Duma. Author of articles on Little Russian and Yugoslavian ethnography and literature in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, numerous collections of Ukrainian folk poetry, and ethnographic research.

Corresponding Member of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in the Department of Russian Language and Literature since December 3, 1905.

Sumtsov, Nikolai Fedorovich

Folklorist; from the nobles of the Kharkov province, born. in 1854; received his education at the 2nd Kharkov Gymnasium and at the Faculty of History and Philology of Kharkov University; in 1878 he defended his dissertation pro venia legendi on the book. V.F. Odoevsky and began to read lectures on the history of Russian literature as a private assistant professor; in 1880 he defended his master's thesis. “On wedding rituals, mainly Russian”, and in 1885 a doctoral dissertation “Bread in rituals and songs”. Consists of ord. prof. Kharkiv Univ. and a member of the board of trustees of the Kharkov educational institution. districts. In various publications, mainly in “Kyiv Antiquity”, “Ethnographic Review”, “Collection of the Kharkov Historical and Philological Society.”, S. published about 300 studies, articles and notes, scientific and journalistic. Of his works on the history of Russian literature, the main ones are: “Ioanniky Galatovsky” (“Kiev. Antiquity”, 1884), “Prince V. F. Odoevsky” (Khark., 1884), “Lazar Baranovich” (Khark., 1885), “The Speech of Ivan Meleshko as a Literary Monument” (Kiev. Antiquity, 1894), “A.S. Pushkin” (Kharkov, 1900). He owns a number of monographs on legends, stories, epic motifs, thoughts: “Essay on the history of witchcraft in Europe” (Khark., 1878), “On wedding rituals” (Khark., 1881), articles on Easter eggs, on cultural experiences, on curses (preferably in “Kyiv Antiquity”). On the history of art, a monograph by S. “Leonardo da Vinci” has been published (Collected Kharkiv History-Phil. Society, 1900). S. also wrote a number of articles on pedagogy; under his editorship, a “Manual for the organization of scientific and literary readings” was compiled (Khark., 1895 and 1896). The Academy of Sciences several times entrusted him with reviewing scientific works submitted for the Makaryev and Uvarov Prizes. He is the chairman of the Historical and Philological. total near Kharkovsk. Univ. (out of 12 volumes of the “Collection” published by the society, 11 were edited by S.); stood at the head of the commission for organizing public readings for women; in 1892, on his initiative, a pedagogical department was created under the Historical and Philological Department. total and the publication of the “Proceedings” of this department began; actively participates in the work of the publishing committee of the Kharkov Society. literacy (compiled several brochures for public reading); He has been a member of the Kharkov City Duma for several four years. In this dictionary, S. contains articles on Little Russian and Yugoslav ethnography and literature.

(Brockhaus)

Sumtsov, Nikolai Fedorovich

Literary historian and ethnographer. Genus. in St. Petersburg, in a noble family. In 1875 he graduated from the Faculty of Philology of Kharkov University, where from 1878 he was an associate professor and then a professor. Subsequently he was a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences.

S. wrote a huge number (about 800) of works, published by Ch. arr. in various periodicals ("Kiev Antiquity", "Ukrainian Life", "Ethnographic Review", "Bulletin of the Kharkov Philological Society", etc.) and devoted to the study of oral poetry and folk life (rites, beliefs, etc.). S. also owns a number of articles about Russian writers - Pushkin, Griboyedov, A. Maikov, Zhukovsky, V. Odoevsky. S.'s works, which remained within the historical-cultural and comparative-historical schools, did not have major scientific significance and are now outdated. His summaries on certain issues of oral poetry ("The Raven in Folk Literature", "The Mouse in Folk Literature", etc.) and his works on the description of rituals retain a certain interest.

Bibliography: I. About wedding rituals, Kharkov, 1881; Book V. F. Odoevsky, Kharkov, 1884; Episodes about A.S. Pushkin, vol. 1-5, Warsaw, 1893-1897; A. S. Pushkin. Research, Kharkov, 1900; Essay on the history of witchcraft in Europe, Kharkov, 1878; Essays on folk life, Kharkov, 1902; V. A. Zhukovsky and N. V. Gogol, Kharkov, 1902; From Ukrainian antiquity, Kharkov, 1905.

II. Prof. N. F. Sumtsov, in the book: "Proceedings of the pedagogical department of the Kharkiv Historical and Philological Society", vol. VII, Kharkov, 1902; "Collection of Kharkov. Historical and Philological Society", vol. XVIII, 1909 (in both editions, see the bibliography of Sumtsov’s works).

(Lit. enc.)

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Books

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Now Trostyanets district, Sumy region of Ukraine. Ukrainian.

After graduating from the Kharkov Chemical College in 1933, he arrived at the construction of the Bobrikovsky (Stalinogorsk) energy and chemical plant. From October 1936 to December 1938, he served in the NKVD troops as a squad commander of the 185th regiment of the NKVD troops (dismissed to the reserve). He graduated from a two-year course for reserve command personnel in 1938. Member of the CPSU(b) since 1939.

In January-April 1940, he again served as a platoon commander of the 89th separate battalion of the NKVD troops. In Stalinogorsk he worked his way up from a foreman to a shift supervisor at a chemical plant.

The beginning of the Great Patriotic War, participation in the defense of Stalinogorsk

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, in June 1941, he was sent to the 180th NKVD regiment and appointed platoon commander of the 1st company of the 2nd battalion. As part of the regiment, junior lieutenant N.P. Sumtsov served as a security guard for chemical production at an industrial site in Stalinogorsk-2.

On October 27-28, 1941, with German troops approaching Tula, junior lieutenant N.P. Sumtsov, as commander of a reconnaissance group, successfully conducted reconnaissance in the Uzlovaya area. The enemy was not detected.

On November 18, 1941, with the start of the second stage of the German Operation Typhoon, as part of the 2nd battalion, Senior Lieutenant Redin was supposed to provide support to the tankers of the 108th Tank Division, which, northwest of Uzlovaya, launched a counterattack on the broken tank units of the 2nd Tank army of G. Guderian. However, his platoon did not take part in the battles, returning on November 20 to the regiment’s location in Stalinogorsk-2. According to his recollections, such an order was given to him by battalion commander 2 Redin.

According to his recollections, on November 21, 1941, his platoon, together with a subordinate rifle squad and a heavy machine gun crew (60 people in total), guarded the Shatov Dam north of Stalinogorsk-2. During the second half of the day, soldiers of the 180th NKVD Regiment and the 108th Tank Division, defeated that day at the Maklets station by units of the German 4th Tank Division, proceeded across the bridge on the Shatov Dam. In the evening, German tanks trying to cross the bridge were fired upon by an anti-aircraft battery of the 336th anti-aircraft artillery division, forcing them to turn back, which saved Sumtsov’s platoon from destruction (the fighters did not have their own anti-tank weapons).

On the night of November 21-22, 1941, he witnessed the explosion of all industrial facilities in Stalinogorsk-2 and a warehouse of anti-aircraft shells, the destruction of which was carried out by NKVD and Red Army units before their departure. His platoon was the last to leave the Shatov Dam, subjected to small fire from the advanced German units. Without losses, he reached the regiment's location in the city of Ozyory (85 km north of Stalinogorsk-2) along the route Yudino, Mochily, Serebryanye Prudy, Ozyory, where, as part of the 180th NKVD regiment, he began to carry out a new combat mission - to protect the rear of the 50th th army.

On January 8, 1942, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant. He served with the regiment until February 1942.

On the Transcaucasian and 1st Belorussian fronts

Subsequently, from February 1942 to December 1943, he served in the 284th rifle regiment of the Sukhumi division of the internal troops of the NKVD on the Transcaucasian Front, and participated in combat operations to eliminate banditry in Dagestan, Karachay and Checheno-Igushetia. “For exemplary conduct of security and military operations, conscientious attitude to official duties,” he received a number of thanks from the command. Then, from December 1943 to May 1945, as part of the regiment, he restored order in the rear of the 1st Belorussian Front.

Late 1940s.

The commander of the 1st company of the 284th rifle regiment of the NKVD, Lieutenant N.P. Sumtsov, particularly distinguished himself in April 1944 during the liquidation of members of the UPA (Ukrainian Insurgent Army) in the Rokitnovsky district of the Rivne region of Ukraine. As commandant of the city of Rokitno (now the village of Rokitnoye), Lieutenant N.P. Sumtsov’s responsibilities also included the tasks of identifying and eliminating the remnants of German henchmen in the liberated territory. As the commander of the 284th Infantry Regiment of the NKVD, Colonel Babintsev, noted, in the period from March 29 to April 13, 1944, “thanks to his thoughtful and well-executed work, in the shortest possible time he organized exemplary order in the city and the surrounding villages.” Lieutenant Sumtsov’s unit detained 416 people, of which 4 bandits (2 wounded, 2 captured), 3 German spies, 42 deserters, and weapons were also captured.

On April 4, while combing the village of Masevichi, N.P. Sumtsov personally discovered a German paratrooper, abandoned at night to restore contact with the “Bulbovites” (UPA-PS militants), who was quickly disarmed and gave valuable testimony. “For energetic actions, courage and determination in the detention of a German paratrooper-radio operator, the thoughtful organization of an operation to eliminate bandit groups,” Lieutenant N.P. Sumtsov was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree (May 19, 1944).

The commander of the 284th Infantry Regiment of the NKVD, Colonel Babintsev, emphasized the exceptional attitude of Lieutenant N.P. Sumtsov to his official duties and set him as an example for the entire officer corps of the regiment.

Also awarded medals “For the Defense of Moscow” (1944), “For the Defense of the Caucasus”, “For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” .

Post-war years: director of a chemical plant

After the war, on July 11, 1945, he was awarded the rank of senior lieutenant; in December 1945, he was appointed commander of the rifle battalion of the 284th NKVD rifle regiment. And on January 18, 1946, N.P. Sumtsov was transferred to the reserve for the third time.

Nikolai Pavlovich Sumtsov, director of the chemical plant in 1965-1976.

He returned to Stalinogorsk, worked as a process engineer in shop No. 11 of the Stalinogorsk Chemical Plant, and worked his way up from shift supervisor to director of the enterprise in 1965. During his leadership, in 1970, the chemical plant was named after Lenin, which was akin to the highest state recognition.

The chemical plant was rapidly developing new capacities. In 1975, it became the country's largest enterprise for the production of ammonia and mineral fertilizers. This happened due to the fact that, with the participation of N.P. Sumtsov and under his leadership, large-scale ammonia and urea production facilities with a capacity of 450 thousand tons per year (the so-called “large units”) were put into operation. In addition, Nikolai Pavlovich Sumtsov paid a lot of attention to the development of the medical and sanitary part of Azot.

Knight of the Order of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor.

Memory

In August 2013, a memorial plaque was installed on the house where he lived in Novomoskovsk. The inscription on the board: “In this house lived a holder of the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, director of the Novomoskovsk Chemical Plant (1965-1976) Sumtsov Nikolai Pavlovich 05/22/1914 - 12/21/1991.”

Family, personal life

Was married twice. The first wife is Maria Nikiforovna Sumtsova (born 1916). Two sons were born into their family: Pavel (born 1935) and Nikolai (born 1947). After the war, they lived in the city of Stalinogorsk in block No. 37, building 9, then in the 1960s - on the street. Komsomolskaya, 39/19. With his second wife, Maria Mikhailovna, they raised a son, Igor (1953-1977), and a daughter, Irina.

He left a 3-volume book of memoirs, “Notes of a Soldier,” in which he described in detail his military journey. In the 1990s, separate fragments about how he, as a junior lieutenant, defended the city of Stalinogorsk in November 1941, were published in the newspapers Novomoskovskaya Pravda and Novomoskovsky Khimik. However, the book was never published in its entirety.

In the title photo: junior lieutenant N.P. Sumtsov, November 1941.

Journal of combat operations of the 180th regiment of the NKVD of the USSR for the protection of especially important industrial enterprises for September 25 - November 17, 1941 (RGVA, f. 38366, op. 1, d. 1, pp. 1-2.)

M.: Eastern literature, 1996. 298 p.

Mind. 09/12/1922.

Nikolai SUMTSOV: “Life in Ukraine should take a different path”

Olesya MANDEBURA, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Kyiv

2003, http://www.day.kiev.ua/18371

Among those scientists who represented Ukrainian folk studies in Europe at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries at a high professional level, the main place is occupied by the Kharkov researcher Nikolai Fedorovich Sumtsov (1854 - 1922). Professor, corresponding member and academician of three high scientific institutions (from 1899 - the Czecho-Slovak Society in Prague, from 1905 - the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, from 1919, at the suggestion and with the assistance of Agatangel Krymsky, Nikolai Sumtsov was among the first to become an academician of the newly formed Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), with his work, in the far from favorable political conditions of that period, he asserted the right of the Ukrainian people and their culture to independent existence, the need for their study and generalization. Among the connoisseurs of his work at one time were N. Drahomanov, M. Grushevsky, Hv. Vovk, D. Doroshenko, V. Petrov, V. Kaminsky, A. Pipin, A. Potebnya and many other outstanding Ukrainian and Russian researchers.

A clear and consistent civic (not even political!) position, love for everything Ukrainian - language, culture, literature, people in general, led to the fact that already in Soviet times an unspoken taboo was placed on the name of Professor Sumtsov, his works (according to history of literature, ethnography, history of Ukraine, local history, history of art, pedagogy...) were in special funds, were not republished, and even referring to them other than with criticism was prohibited. In the official conclusion to the book “Ukrainian Culture”, ed. K. Guslisty, S. Maslov, M. Rylsky dated August 18, 1947. Nikolai Sumtsov, together with Boris Grinchenko, Khvedir Vovk, Dmitry Yavornitsky, Dmitry Bagaliy and other scientists, is called “a bourgeois figure of Ukrainian culture with nationalist, anti-scientific views” (See. : Shapoval Yu. “Ukraine of the 20th century: exposure and hypotheses in the context of important history”). And this despite the fact that Nikolai Sumtsov was almost not involved in politics itself, trying to remain in positions of non-party culturalism, although he did not always succeed.

In all his scientific works, especially on the history of Ukraine and Ukrainian culture, he, Russian by origin, like many other Russian scientists, acted as a consistent Ukrainian patriot. This was the time when Kharkov was considered the spiritual capital of the Ukrainian national liberation movement - many Ukrainian and Russian scientists worked in the capital of Slobozhanshchyna, generating the idea of ​​Ukrainian national and cultural revival. It was in Kharkov and Poltava at the Shevchenko holiday in 1900 that the famous speech of M. Mikhnovsky was delivered, published in Lvov under the title “Independent Ukraine,” where the idea of ​​an independent Ukrainian state was defended.

The actual return of the name of Nikolai Sumtsov to the wider cultural and scientific community occurred only in the early 90s of the twentieth century. Over the course of seven years (1991 - 1997), three candidate's dissertations devoted to the study of the literary, historical and ethnological heritage of the scientist were defended; Since 1995, Sumtsov readings have been held in his homeland on the basis of the Kharkov Historical Museum.

It was the Kharkov researcher V. Fradkin, during the Soviet period of the development of Ukrainian folk studies (and these were the 70s!), who dared to raise the question of the need for a comprehensive study of Sumtsov’s folk studies heritage and, accordingly, became one of the first Soviet researchers who emphasized the enormous scientific significance of this heritage, instead in order to look for flaws in it.

The future professor was born in St. Petersburg on April 18 (according to the old style, April 6. - O.M.) 1854 in the family of a Russified Cossack foreman. His parents were small landowners and had a farm in Boromla. The scientist’s great-grandfather, having built a hut, left an inscription on the mat: “Semyon Sumets.” Immediately after the birth of their son, the family moved to live in the Kharkov region. The future scientist received his secondary education at the 2nd Kharkov Gymnasium, where he acquired thorough knowledge in many areas - history, literature, Latin, geography, and the like. It is to the gymnasium that the researcher owes a thorough knowledge of French and German. But he studied Ukrainian literature and language on his own - he read the works of G. Kvitka, I. Kotlyarevsky and others, which were not part of the gymnasium curriculum, and was interested in Ukrainian folk songwriting. This, as he later wrote, lies the source of his future scientific preferences and interests.

He continued his further studies at the Faculty of History and Philology of Kharkov University. A number of his student works receive approving reviews from the teaching staff, and he receives a faculty gold medal for developing the topic “Historical Essay on Christian Demonology.” The scientific fate of this work was clearly reflected in the censorship pressure existing at that time. After graduating from the university, it was prepared for publication - a number of significant additions and changes were made, and a new section on Ukrainian demonology was added. However, imperial censorship did not give permission for its publication. The manuscript was also not returned to the scientist, and the student version of the work, as it turned out later, disappeared without a trace in the university archives. Using the remaining manuscripts, the scientist managed to rewrite and publish in 1878 one of the sections of the work entitled “Essay on the history of witchcraft in Western Europe.” This was N. Sumtsov’s first printed work.

After graduating from the university in 1875, Sumtsov, with the assistance of his teacher A. Potebnya, continued his studies abroad - at Heidelberg University, then returned to Kharkov University. In 1877 he received the title of privat-docent, in 1880 he defended his dissertation for the title of master “On wedding rites, mainly Russian.” In 1884, the scientist submitted his doctoral dissertation “Lazar Baranovich” to Kharkov University for consideration. She received a positive review and was allowed to defend herself. However, a denunciation flew from Kharkov to St. Petersburg, the author of which, Kharkov professor P. Bezsonov, accused the scientist of “Ukrainophile” sympathies. The public defense of the dissertation did not take place, as the scientist later wrote in his autobiography - “it did not pass for reasons that did not depend on either the author or the faculty.” According to another version, the dissertation was not allowed to be defended by the tsarist government, since in it N. Sumtsov gave a negative assessment of the activities of Moscow governors in Ukraine, which could not at all coincide with the theory of official circles. As we can see, in both the first and second versions, the immediate reason for the refusal was the researcher’s Ukrainian sympathies. A year later, he submitted his second dissertation, “Bread in Rituals and Songs,” for consideration by the faculty council, for which he received a Doctor of Science degree.

In 1888, the scientist was confirmed as an extraordinary professor, and in 1889 - as an ordinary professor. For his scientific achievements, he was elected to many scientific societies and organizations: the Imperial Moscow Society of Lovers of Natural History, Anthropology and Ethnography, the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature, the Moscow Archaeological Society, the Poltava, Chernigov and Voronezh Archival Commissions, the Ekaterinoslav Scientific Research Archival Commission... N. Sumtsov was elected a full member of such influential scientific institutions as the Scientific Society named after. T. Shevchenko in Lvov, Ukrainian Scientific Society in Kyiv; he maintained friendly relations with many famous scientists from Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, and the international organization “Free Thought”.

The following fact testifies to the civic position of Professor Sumtsov. In October 1906, the scientist made a public statement at the university faculty about the transition to teaching lectures in Ukrainian and became the first in Ukraine who dared to do this. This lecture was a real treat. On behalf of the Ukrainian students, a speech was made, where it was called the opening of a “new era” in the life of the Kharkov scientific center. The rector of the university, Dmitry Bagaliy, who was present at it, subsequently wrote that the lecture made a pleasant, strong impression both in its content and in the form of presentation of the material. It is clear that this initiative could not last long under the conditions of that time - the lecture caused great displeasure of the Minister of Public Education. An order was issued demanding to stop this sedition, which the university rector could not fail to comply with. But after the February events of 1917, the scientist finally switched to teaching lectures and writing scientific papers in Ukrainian.

In general, N. Sumtsov is one of the most active figures in the movement for Ukrainian national revival, in particular, Sloboda Ukraine; he is a persistent and consistent promoter of the Ukrainian language and literature, Ukrainian folk art. He saw one of his main tasks as a scientist in promoting national revival.

In July 1917, on behalf of the Council of Kharkov University, a special commission, which included N. Sumtsov, compiled a note on the Ukrainian issue. On October 12, it was accepted and sent to the Provisional Government. In it, the Council of Kharkov University spoke out “for granting the right to freely use the Ukrainian language in all local institutions, as well as for the free development of purely national Ukrainian culture.”

It was precisely the deep knowledge of Ukrainian traditional culture that led Nikolai Sumtsov to the conclusion that “life in Ukraine must take a different path. First of all, we need to turn to the revival and spread of Ukrainian national feeling and consciousness.” Almost a century has passed, but these words of the researcher, unfortunately, still remain relevant.

From Brockhaus:

Folklorist, from the nobles of the Kharkov province; born in 1854, educated at the 2nd Kharkov Gymnasium and at the Faculty of History and Philology of Kharkov University; in 1878 he defended his dissertation pro venia legendi based on the book by V.F. Odoevsky and began to read, as a private assistant professor, lectures on the history of Russian literature; in 1880 he defended his master's thesis "On wedding rites, mainly Russian", and in 1885 he defended his doctoral dissertation "Bread in rituals and songs". He is an ordinary professor at Kharkov University and a member of the board of trustees of the Kharkov educational district. In various publications, mainly in “Kyiv Antiquity”, “Ethnographic Review”, “Collection of the Kharkov Historical and Philological Society”, Sumarokov published about 300 studies, articles and notes, scientific and journalistic. Of his works on the history of Russian literature, the main ones are: “Ioanniky Galatovsky” (Kiev Antiquity, 1884), “Prince V.F. Odoevsky” (Kharkov, 1884), “Lazar Baranovich” (Kharkov, 1885), “Speech of Ivan Meleshko as a literary monument" ("Kyiv Starina", 1894), "A.S. Pushkin" (Kharkov, 1900). He owns a number of monographs about legends, stories, epic motifs, thoughts: “Essay on the history of witchcraft in Europe” (Kharkov, 1878), “On wedding rituals” (Kharkov, 1881), articles about Easter eggs, about cultural experiences, about curses (according to advantageously in "Kievskaya Starina"). On the history of art, Sumtsov’s monograph “Leonardo da Vinci” (“Collection of the Kharkov Historical and Philological Society”, 1900) stands out. Sumtsov also wrote a number of articles on pedagogy; under his editorship, a “Manual for organizing scientific and literary readings” was compiled (Kharkov, 1895 and 1896). The Academy of Sciences several times entrusted him with reviewing scientific works submitted for the Makaryev and Uvarov Prizes. He is the chairman of the historical and philological society at Kharkov University (of the 12 volumes of the “Collection” published by the society, 11 were edited by Sumtsov); stood at the head of the commission for organizing public readings for women; in 1892, on his initiative, a pedagogical department arose at the Historical and Philological Society and the publication of the “Proceedings” of this department began; actively participates in the work of the publishing committee of the Kharkov Literacy Society (compiled several brochures for public reading); For several four years he has been the head of the Kharkov City Duma. In this dictionary, Sumtsov contains articles on Little Russian and Yugoslav ethnography and literature.