Bubnov Andrey Sergeevich biography. Statesman Andrey Sergeevich Bubnov: biography, achievements and interesting facts

Bubnov, Andrey Sergeevich

Bubnov A. S.

Genus. April 6 (March 23), 1883 in Ivanovo-Voznesensk. He received his education in Ivanovo-Voznes. real teacher, which he graduated in 1903. Then he entered the Moscow Agricultural Institute. Institute (Timiryaz. Academy), which he did not graduate from. He joined the ranks of the RSDLP (b.) in 1903. Before that, from 1900-1901. took part in revolutionary student circles. From the moment he joined the party he was identified as a Bolshevik. B. worked mainly in the Central provinces. Industrial district and in Moscow as an organizer and propagandist. During his work, he was arrested many times and spent time in prisons and fortresses. In total, B. was arrested 13 times. He spent over 4 years in prison. In 1906, upon his release from prison, B. was delegated to Ivanovo-Voznes. organization for the Stockholm Congress. In 1907, delegated by the same organization to the London Congress. Since the summer of 1905, B. was a member of Ivanovo-Voznes. Party Committee, then a member of the Ivanovo-Voznesensk Bureau. Union of the RSDLP (Bolsheviks), which united a number of local organizations, and in 1901 the Central Committee of the party was transferred to party work in Moscow and from the end of 1907 was a member of the M.K. party.

During the era of brutal tsarist reaction of 1907-10. B. continues his work in the party, despite systematic arrests. In 1908, B. was elected a member of the Region. Bureau Center Industrial district and delegated to the All-Russian Federation. party conference. B. was unable to attend the conference because he was arrested. Upon his release from prison in 1909, B. was appointed an agent of the Central Committee of the RCP. In May 1910, he was co-opted into the Bolshevik “Center” in Russia. At the end of the year Moscow. The Trial Chamber was charged under Art. 102 (process of 34). Since 1910, there has been a noticeable rise and revival in the labor movement in Russia. In 1911, after leaving the fortress, B. worked in Nizhny and Sormovo. Having received notice of co-optation in the Organization. Committee for convening the All-Russian Assembly. party conference, was supposed to go abroad, but was arrested again. The candidate was elected. in the Central Committee, B., together with Pozern, they release the Bolsheviks. newspaper "Povolzhskaya Byl" (6 issues were published). In 1912-13 worked in St. Petersburg in Pravda and in the Duma faction. Was a member of the Executive. Commissions Petersburg. Party Committee.

The World War found B. in Kharkov, where he was exiled after his arrest in St. Petersburg. From the very beginning of the war, B. took a consistent internationalist position. At the beginning of August 1914, after the release of the Kharkov Bolshev. organizing an appeal against the war, B. was arrested and after prison deported to Poltava. Having moved from Poltava to Samara, B. is part of the Organizing Bureau for convening the Bolshevik Conference. organizations of the Lower Volga region. After the failure, B. was arrested in October 1916 and in February 1917 deported to Siberia, to the Turukhansky Territory. During this period, B. worked on statistics, and he published a number of scientific brochures on economics. questions.

The February Revolution found B. in a stage hut in the village of Bobrovka (Krasnoyarsk-Yeniseisk highway). B. returns to Moscow, becomes part of the Regional. Bureau Center Industrial Region. The VI Party Congress elects B. as a member of the Central Committee. At this time, B. was a member of the Executive Committee of the Moscow Soviet. In August, B. was transferred by the Central Committee to St. Petersburg and worked as a member of the Central Committee and a member of the Executive Committee of St. Petersburg. Council. He is a member of the editorial board of the party military newspaper (as a representative of the party Central Committee). B. took part in the October Revolution as a member of St. Petersburg. Military Revolutionary Committee. At the meetings of the Central Committee on October 10, he was elected to the Politburo of the Central Committee, and on October 16 - to the military revolutionary. center for leading the uprising. In November, as a commissioner, roads of the republic was sent to the south and took part in the fight against Kaledin (in Rostov-on-Don). After the VII Party Congress, B. left for Ukraine, where he served as people's secretary - a member of the Workers'-Kr. Governments - takes part in the fight against the Germans. After the liquidation of the Ukrainian government, he joined the Insurgent Committee. Being a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine and a member of the All-Ukrainian. Military Revolutionary Committee, B. from August to October worked in the “neutral zone” (Cherniga-Kursk province), forming units of the partisan army for the liberation of Ukraine. After the 2nd All-Ukrainian Party conference (in October 1918) B. is sent for underground work to Kyiv. An experienced conspirator, B. is a member of the underground Kyiv Region. Party Bureau and Chairman underground Kyiv Council, being the head. underground headquarters. After the overthrow of Petliura, B. became part of the Workers' Cross. government of Ukraine. Being sent to the 8th Party Congress, B. is elected as a candidate. in the Central Committee and a member of the commission for developing the party program. At the same time, B. is elected as a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. At the same time he is the chairman. Kyiv Council Workers. and Kr. Deputies. In 1919, B. was appointed a member of the RVS of the Ukrainian Front, and then a member of the RVS of the XIV Army. In October of the same year, he was appointed a member of the RVS of the Kozlov strike group. After farms. work in 1920 in Moscow, he was appointed a member of the RVS North Caucasus. Military District. At this time he was a member of the MK party, and in Rostov-on-Don a member of the Regional Committee. Don Committee and member of the South-East. Kr. Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP(b). During the Xth Party Congress for participation in the liquidation of Kronstadt. rebellion was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In 1922-23 B. was appointed head of the Agitprop Committee of the RCP Central Committee. The XII Party Congress elects B. candidate. in the Central Committee of the RCP. The XIII Party Congress elects B. as a member of the Central Committee. At the beginning of 1924, B. was appointed head. PUR of the Red Army and a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. At the same time, he carries out party work, being a member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP. B. is also a member of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. B. is an old party writer. His literature. aliases - A. Glotov, S. Yaglov, A.B. B. has long been studying the history of the revolutionary movement and the history of our party. In this area, he owns the brochure “Main Points in the Development of the Communist Party in Russia,” which was repeatedly republished by many provincial party committees. Among B.'s economic works, noteworthy is the brochure "River Grain Freights", ed. in 1915, as well as a number of articles and reviews on general agronomics. questions in the magazine "Zemsky Agronomist" (Samara) and in agricultural. magazines in Kharkov and Poltava.

[Since 1929 People's Commissar of Education of the RSFSR. Unreasonably repressed, rehabilitated posthumously.]

Bubnov, Andrey Sergeevich

(born 1883) - communist revolutionary. He graduated from the Ivanovo-Voznesensk real school and entered the Moscow agricultural school. institute, which he did not graduate from. He has been involved in the revolutionary movement since 1900, starting work in revolutionary circles of students. He joined the ranks of the RSDLP in 1903, joining the Bolsheviks. Since the summer of 1905, B. was a member of the Ivanovo-Voznesensk party committee, then a member of the bureau of the Ivanovo-Voznesensk Union of the RSDLP(b). The Ivanovo-Voznesensk organization delegated B. to the Stockholm (1906) and London (1907) congresses. In 1907 he worked in Moscow as a member of the Moscow Committee. In 1908, B. was elected a member of the Regional Bureau of the Central Industrial Region and was delegated to the All-Russian Party Conference, but was arrested before the conference. Upon his release from prison in 1909, B. worked as an agent of the Party Central Committee. In 1910 he was co-opted into the " Bolshevik center"in Russia. In the same year, the Moscow Judicial Chamber was charged under Art. 102 and sentenced to imprisonment in the fortress. In 1911, upon leaving the fortress, he worked in Nizhny Novgorod and Sormovo. At the 1912 party conference he was elected as a candidate to the Central Committee. In 1912-13 he worked in St. Petersburg in Pravda (he was a member of the editorial board) and in the Duma faction; was a member of the party's Central Committee. After his arrest in St. Petersburg, B. was deported to Kharkov. From the beginning of the war, B. took a consistent internationalist position. He was soon arrested and then deported to Poltava. From Poltava he moved to Samara, where in October 1916 he was arrested and, just before the revolution, deported to Siberia - to the Turukhansk region. During his revolutionary work, B. was arrested 13 times and spent a total of over 4 years in prison. During the February Revolution, B. returned to Moscow, became a member of the Regional Bureau of the Central Industrial Region, and was elected to the Central Committee at the 6th Party Congress. Since August, B. has been working in St. Petersburg, is a member of the Executive Committee of the St. Petersburg Council and the editorial board " Soldier's Truth". During the October Revolution, B. is a member of the St. Petersburg Military Revolutionary Committee. At a meeting of the Central Committee on October 10, B. is elected to the Politburo and to the military revolutionary center for leading the uprising. In November he was sent to the south and took part in the fight against Kaledina(cm.). Then he leaves for Ukraine, where he joins the government, and after its liquidation he joins the Insurgent Committee. Being a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine and a member of the All-Ukrainian Military Revolutionary Committee, B. leads the formation of partisan units. In October 1919, B. was sent for underground work to Kyiv. After the overthrow of Petliura, B. enters the government of Ukraine. At the 8th Party Congress, B. was elected as a candidate to the Central Committee of the RCP(b) and joined the Central Committee of the CP(b)U. At the same time he is the chairman of the Kyiv Council. During 1919, he was successively appointed as a member of the RVS of the Ukrainian Front and the RVS of the 14th Army. At the same time, he takes part in party work, being a member of a number of party committees. For participation in the liquidation of the Kronstadt rebellion he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In 1921-22, B. was a member of the RVS of the North Caucasus Military District and the 1st Cavalry; in 1922-23 - head of Agitprop of the Central Committee of the RCP (b), after the 13th party congress - member of the Central Committee. From the beginning of 1924, B. was the head of the PUR of the Red Army and a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR, a member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. B. worked on the history of the party; He wrote the following brochures: “The main points in the development of the Communist Party in Russia”, M., 1922; "1924 in military construction", M., 1925, and a number of others.

Large biographical encyclopedia. 2009 .

See what “Bubnov, Andrey Sergeevich” is in other dictionaries:

Andrey Sergeevich Bubnov ... Wikipedia

- (party pseudonyms Khimik, Yakov; literary pseudonyms A. Glotov, S. Yaglov, A. B., etc.), Soviet statesman and party leader, historian and publicist. Member of the Communist... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

- (1884 1938) politician. Member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union since 1903. In 1917, member of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee. Since 1924, head of the Political Administration of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. In 1929 37 People's Commissar... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (1884 1938), party and statesman. Member of the Communist Party since 1903. Studied at the Moscow Agricultural Institute. He carried out revolutionary work in various cities, including St. Petersburg. After the February Revolution... ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)

- (1884 1938), politician. In 1917, member of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee. Since 1924, head of the Political Directorate of the Red Army and member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR, army commissar 1st rank (1924). In 1929 37 People's Commissar of Education of the RSFSR. Member of the Central Committee of the party in 1917 18, in 1924 37. Member of the Politburo ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Who is Bubnov A.S.? The answer to this question today is almost impossible to get from people of the younger generation. This revolutionary, who became a Soviet state and party leader, published many works on history. He signed his works with pseudonyms: S. Yaglov, A. B., A. Glotov.

Bubnov Andrey Sergeevich is a statesman whose legacy is far from unambiguous. It is known about his involvement in repressions in the army. Many history researchers believe that he tried to cover many historical facts from the point of view of communist ideology.

Biographical information

Historian-publicist Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov, whose biography is closely connected with the revolutionary events of 1917, was born on March 22, 1884. He was repressed, so the exact date of his death has not been reliably established. Some sources say that he died on August 1, 1938, according to other sources - on January 1, 1940.

Place of birth - Ivanovo-Voskresensk. After graduating from real school, he became a student at the Moscow Agricultural Institute. He failed to graduate from this educational institution, since in 1903 he joined the RSDLP and began to engage in revolutionary activities.

During the period of revolutionary events from 1905 to 1907, he was alternately a member of the Ivanovo-Voznesensk and Moscow committees of the RSDLP (b), in Ivanovo-Voznesensk he was a member of the bureau of the local union of the RSDLP.

In 1908, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov was elected to the regional bureau of the RSDLP in the Central Industrial Region.

From 1910 to 1917, he, fulfilling party assignments, was engaged in revolutionary activities in such industrial cities as St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, etc.

Frequent arrests

He was arrested in 1908, 1910, 1913. After another arrest in 1916, at the beginning of 1917 he was exiled to a Siberian village. He was supposed to be a place of exile, but at one stage he was released, as the February Revolution began.

After his release, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov was introduced to the Moscow Regional Bureau of the RSDLP. The IV Party Congress of 1917 included him as a member of the Central Committee. As a representative of the Central Committee, he was sent to the Petrograd Committee of the RSDLP.

As a delegate at the First Moscow Regional Party Conference, Bubnov made a proposal to include in the text of the resolution “On the Provisional Government” a requirement for Soviet control over all actions of the Provisional Government and its local representatives.

Preparation and participation in the Great October Socialist Revolution

On October 10, 1917, A. S. Bubnov was introduced to the Politburo of the Central Committee, and six days later he entered the Military Revolutionary Party Center, created to lead the uprising.

He was a member of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee (VKR), and served as commissar of railway stations.

During the armed uprising he headed the Field Headquarters of the Military Revolutionary Committee. In November 1917 he was introduced to the board of the People's Commissariat of Railways.

From December 1917, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov was appointed commissioner of the southern railways.

In 1918, he joined the “left” members of the party. In March of this year, the VII Congress of the Russian Communist Party took place, where he spoke out as an opponent of the conclusion of the Brest Peace. They read a statement on this matter to the Central Committee on February 22, where the possibility of a peace agreement between the warring parties was regarded as a capitulation of the international advanced proletarian detachments to the machinations of the international bourgeoisie.

In the spring of 1918, he was sent as People's Commissar for Economic Affairs to Ukraine. At the same time, he was introduced to the Bureau, whose competence included the leadership of the insurgent movement behind enemy lines.

Civil War period

From July to September 1918, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov served as chairman of the All-Ukrainian Central Military Revolutionary Committee.

From October 1918 to February of the following year, he was a member of the Kiev underground committee of the Bolshevik Communist Party of Ukraine, and headed the underground regional executive committee and city committee.

From March to April 1919 he was chairman of the Kiev Provincial Executive Committee, then he was a member of the Defense Council and the Politburo of Ukraine. During the same period, he was a member of the Revolutionary Military Councils and headed political departments in various armies.

Twenties

Since 1920, Andrei Bubnov, for whom politics became the meaning of life, moved to Moscow to work in the Main Directorate for Textile Enterprises, and became a member of the bureau of the Moscow Party Committee.

He actively participated in organizing the suppression of the uprising in Kronstadt.

In 1921, he joined the Revolutionary Military Council for the North Caucasus Military District and the First Cavalry.

During this period, Bubnov supported the “democratic centralism” group within the party.

Since 1922, he headed the Agitprom of the Central Committee of the RCP and organized propaganda campaigns.

In 1923 he supported him, but quickly broke off relations with him and began to support Stalin. After Trotsky's defeat, from 1924, Bubnov held the position of head of the Political Directorate of the Red Army, was a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR, and was the executive editor of Red Star.

Participation in repression

Bubnov Andrei Sergeevich is one of the leaders of the purge in the ranks of the army, when many commissars who had previously affiliated with L. Trotsky were fired.

In the period until 1930, he held the positions of Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, a candidate and member of the Central Committee, a member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee, and a candidate for the Secretariat of the Central Committee.

Since 1928, Bubnov led the fight against members of the opposition group within the Red Army, who were called “Tolmachevites,” which, in particular, included Landa and Berman.

Educational work

Having taken the post of People's Commissar of Education in September 1929, Bubnov reformed the Soviet school, introducing communist ideology, while many believe that this was done to the detriment of fundamental knowledge.

Under his leadership, a law was introduced requiring compulsory universal primary education.

They have done a lot to ensure that polytechnic education is more actively introduced.

Bubnov was the initiator of the opening of a medical institute in his hometown.

He was a delegate to every party congress until 1938.

He wrote a number of works on the history of the formation of the Communist Party, often adjusting certain events to ideological requirements.

Among his works are books about the formation of the Red Army, a series of memoirs about Lenin, and several articles concerning the problems of public education.

End of life

The year 1937 brought a lot of grief to the USSR; repressions swept through all layers of society. A.S. Bubnov was not spared the trouble either. In October he was relieved of his post. They accused him of allegedly “failing to do his job.”

On October 17, 1937, Bubnov was arrested. Later he was removed from the Central Committee of the Communist Party. On August 1, 1938, a panel of the Supreme Court sentenced him to death.

Some sources contain information that he was shot immediately after the verdict. The place where Bubnov was executed was the Kommunarka training ground. According to other materials, he died in prison on January 12, 1940.

The fate of the revolutionary's daughter Elena Andreevna was also tragic. She was also repressed.

On March 14, 1956, A.S. Bubnov was rehabilitated and reinstated in the party ranks.

One of the streets in the city of Ivanovo, as well as the state medical academy located in this locality, is named after him. A bust of this statesman was erected next to the academy building.

Since November 1979, the house where Bubnov spent his childhood was turned into a museum.

A. Pyzhikov about Bubnov

Historian Alexander Pyzhikov published the book “The Roots of Stalin’s Bolshevism” in 2015.

The researcher believes that the social and religious origin of Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov is Old Believer. It was the Old Believers, in Pyzhikov’s opinion, who were the support of Bolshevism according to Stalin’s, not Lenin’s, model.

The book tells that A. Bubnov, a Bolshevik since 1903, was expelled from a higher educational institution as unreliable. He studied in his fourth year at the Moscow Agricultural Institute, which later became the Timiryazev Academy.

He was arrested 13 times for revolutionary activities.

A revolutionary was born into the family of a strong merchant. His father was a manager at the Ivanovo-Voznesensk textile factory, which belonged to his uncle. Later, the father of the future Soviet statesman was a manager in the City Duma of Ivanovo-Voznesensk, when the head was P.N. Derbenev.

He was considered the main assistant to this regional textile magnate.

As you know, the son refused to follow his father’s beaten path, preferring the revolutionary path

Introduction

Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov (March 22 (April 3) 1884 (18840403) - August 1, 1938) - Soviet political and military leader.

1. Biography

He graduated from a real school (1903), studied at the Moscow Agricultural Institute (expelled for revolutionary activities).

Member of the RSDLP since 1903. Party nickname "Chemist".
In 1917 - member of the Moscow Regional Bureau of the RSDLP (b).
In the October days of 1917 - a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) and the Military Revolutionary Party Center for the leadership of the armed uprising, a member of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee.
In 1917-1918 - member of the Central Committee of the RCP (b), member of the board of the People's Commissariat of Railways of the RSFSR, commissioner of the railways of the Republic.
In 1918 Chairman of the All-Ukrainian Central Military Revolutionary Committee.
Since 1924 - Head of the Political Directorate of the Red Army. Member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. Responsible editor of the newspaper "Red Star".
In 1925 - Secretary of the Party Central Committee. Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Central Executive Committee of the USSR.
From September 1929 - People's Commissar of Education of the RSFSR.
October 17, 1937 arrested.
On August 1, 1938, the military collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced him to death and was executed on the same day.
March 14, 1956 rehabilitated.
On March 22, 1956, the CPC under the Central Committee of the CPSU was restored to the party.

2. Memory

In 1984, a USSR postage stamp dedicated to Bubnov was issued.

3. Bibliography

3.1. Bubnov's works

Bubnov A.S.“Main points in the development of the Communist Party in Russia” (1921).

Bubnov A.S.“Basic questions of the history of the Russian Communist Party” (1924).

Bubnov A.S. Autobiography, in the book: Encyclopedic Dictionary “Pomegranate”, v. 41, part 1, M., 1927, p. 47-50.

Bubnov A.S. monographic article “VKP” in 1st ed. TSB (vol. II, pp. 8-544; also published as a separate publication).

Bubnov A.S. About the Red Army / Bubnov A.S. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1958. - 240 p.: portrait.

Bubnov A.S. Articles and speeches about public education / Bubnov Andrey Sergeevich. - M.: Academy of Pedagogics. Sciences of the RSFSR, 1959. - 416 pp.: Diagram, portrait.

Literature about Bubnov

Binevich A. I. Andrey Bubnov / Binevich A.I., Serebryansky Z.L. - M.: Politizdat, 1964. - 80 p.: ill., portrait.

Erashov V. P. Forever to the end: The Tale of Andrei Bubnov. - M.: Politizdat, 1978. (Fiery revolutionaries). - 412 p., ill.

Erashov V. P. Forever, to the end: The Tale of A. Bubnov / Valentin Erashov; [Artist. N.D. Bisti]. - M.: Politizdat, 1984. - 413 p.: ill.

Rodin A. M. A. S. Bubnov: Military. and watered. activities / Rodin Anatoly Mikhailovich. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1988. - 174 pp.: I, p.

Leaders of the Ukrainian SSR

Efim Medvedev Vladimir Zatonsky
Chairmen of the All-Ukrainian Central Military Commission: Andrey Bubnov Artyom (Fyodor Sergeev) Grigory Petrovsky
Chairmen of the All-Ukrainian Central Election Commission: Artyom (Fyodor Sergeev) Grigory Petrovsky
Chairman of the All-Ukrainian Republic of Kazakhstan: Grigory Petrovsky
Chairmen of the All-Ukrainian Central Election Commission: Grigory Petrovsky Leonid Korniets
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR: Leonid Korniets Mikhail Grechukha Demyan Korotchenko Alexander Lyashko Ivan Grushetsky Alexey Vatchenko Valentina Shevchenko
Chairmen of the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SSR: Mikhail Burmistenko Alexander Korneichuk Pavel Tychina Alexander Korneichuk Mikhail Bely Konstantin Sytnik Platon Kostyuk Vladimir Ivashko Ivan Plyushch (acting) Leonid Kravchuk

Source: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubnov,_Andrey_Sergeevich

Andrey Sergeevich Bubnov (M. Ya. Levina)

Andrey Sergeevich Bubnov (1883-1940)

Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov, one of the representatives of the glorious galaxy of revolutionaries, whose life was completely devoted to the party and the people, joined the ranks of the RSDLP in 1903, shortly after the formation of the Bolshevik party. Revolutionary circles and the propaganda of Marxism among workers were the beginning of the long life path of a professional revolutionary.

The revolution of 1905 found him in his hometown of Ivanovo-Voznesensk, and he found himself in the thick of things: he was a member of the city committee of the RSDLP, headed a bomb-making laboratory, and organized workers’ fighting squads.

The most important milestones in the life of Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov were the IV Stockholm and V London congresses of the RSDLP. At congresses, he met with V.I. Lenin, whose life and work had a huge influence on the formation of the necessary qualities of a professional Bolshevik revolutionary.

At the VI Prague Party Conference, A. S. Bubnov was elected as a candidate member of the Party Central Committee.

Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov took an active part in the preparation and conduct of the October Socialist Revolution, in October 1917 he was elected a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee and: a member of the Military Revolutionary Party Center for the leadership of the armed uprising, and was a member of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee.

In November 1917, A.S. Bubnov took part in the defeat of Kaledin’s counter-revolutionary rebellion on the Don.

In Rostov, a Military Revolutionary Committee was created to fight counter-revolution. Red Guard detachments were formed. The Party Central Committee and the Soviet government took all measures to defeat the southern counter-revolution. Red Guard detachments moved from Moscow, Petrograd, Donbass to the Don. The sailors of the Black Sea Fleet came to the aid of the Rostov proletariat.

On November 25, by order of General Pototsky, cadets and officers attacked the building of the Rostov-Nakhichevan Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (now the Philharmonic Concert Hall) and destroyed it. That night the Rostov-Nakhichevan Committee and the editorial office of the Bolshevik newspaper “Our Banner” were destroyed. Fighting began on the streets of Rostov. At the very height of events, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov arrived in Rostov. As Commissioner of the Republic's Railways and a member of the board of the People's Commissariat of Railways, he carried out the task of the Party Central Committee to eliminate sabotage at the main railway junctions in the south of the country and establish contacts with the Bolshevik railway workers. The situation demanded that A.S. Bubnov immediately become involved in organizing resistance to the general-junker counter-revolution. He was personally involved in arming combat detachments and workers' squads. From the yacht "Kolkhida", which became the revolutionary headquarters of the Bolsheviks in Rostov, A. S. Bubnov reported to V. I. Lenin on the progress of military operations. On November 29, after power in Rostov and Nakhichevan-on-Don passed into the hands of the Military Revolutionary Committee, A. S. Bubnov telegraphed to Smolny about the victory: “On the night of November 28, Nakhichevan station was captured by the troops of the Military Revolutionary Committee, by us armored vehicles and the Rostov station were taken. The Cossacks surrendered, General Pototsky and his headquarters were arrested..."

Having failed, Kaledin sent new Cossack units of General Alekseev’s “volunteers” to Rostov. Fierce fighting raged for seven days.

Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov took a direct part in these battles with the counter-revolution. In his memoirs, he described in detail the events of those days, gave a detailed description of various segments of the population and their attitude towards the revolution. Taking advantage of the fact that all members of the revolutionary committee and headquarters were entirely occupied with combat work, the Rostov Mensheviks pursued their vile, treacherous policy of pushing their resolutions on convening a so-called “democratic conference” through the garrison regiments.

At the beginning of 1918, the Party Central Committee sent him to Ukraine to organize the fight against the Kaiser’s occupiers. But in April 1921, the party and government again sent A.S. Bubnov to the Don. This was caused by the difficult situation in the region. The kulaks, while remaining a significant economic force in the villages and villages of the Don, resisted all measures of Soviet power. The class struggle was aggravated by the remnants of class strife. The most active part of the kulaks took up arms and went into the floodplains. The gangs of Makhno, Nazarov, Kolesnikov, Fomin, Kamenyuk were hiding in remote, bearish corners. Political banditry caused considerable damage to the young Soviet government and distracted party and Soviet workers from solving major economic problems and Soviet construction. The situation required emergency measures. One of these measures was the restoration of the North Caucasus Military District.

Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov was appointed a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the North Caucasian Military District and a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 1st Cavalry Army, which returned to the Don at the beginning of 1921. With the assistance of A.S. Bubnov, a regional military conference was created to combat banditry. In August 1921, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov spoke at the IV Don Regional Party Conference with a report on banditry in the south of Russia, in which he called on the party activists to “recognize the fight against banditry as an important task.” The conference adopted a resolution on organizing widespread assistance to military units in the fight against gangs *. One of the first orders signed by A. S. Bubnov as a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the North Caucasian Military District was an order that oriented the military units of the Red Army to new tasks in connection with the transition to peaceful creative labor. “In a fraternal alliance with the working population, the Red Army has begun creative battles on the new labor front. Working to preserve and strengthen its combat power, it will provide all possible support to the proletariat fighting on the labor front.”

With the transition to a peaceful path, the young Soviet Republic was reducing its armed forces. It was necessary to carry out the demobilization of the Red Army in an organized manner, to preserve the combat effectiveness of its units, high military and moral spirit.

In his military activities, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov was guided by the instructions of V.I. Lenin that the numerical reduction of the Red Army in conditions of capitalist encirclement, when the threat of military attacks continued to hang over the Land of the Soviets, should not affect its combat effectiveness.

A. S. Bubnov also spoke about the fact that the young Soviet Republic needed a strong army in his report at the ceremonial meeting of the Revolutionary Military Council of the North Caucasus Military District in connection with the fourth anniversary of the Red Army. Army training is a complex and lengthy process. We had to start with the elimination of illiteracy.

Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov was constantly surrounded by fighters. He was interested in everything: the letters that the Red Army soldiers received from home, their moods, their needs. Over the years of work in the Revolutionary Military Council of the North Caucasian Military District, A. S. Bubnov accumulated a wealth of experience in developing the main issues of military development, which helped him subsequently carry out a lot of work on carrying out the military reform of 1924-1925 and act as the author of a number of military theoretical works.

Bubnov devoted a lot of time to party and Soviet work on the Don. In March 1921, the South-Eastern Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) was formed in Rostov-on-Don. The Central Committee of the Party approved A.S. Bubnov as a member of the South-Eastern Bureau, at the same time he was a member of the Don Committee of the Party, and from December 1921 - a deputy of the Rostov-Nakhichevan City Council of Workers and Red Army Deputies. In June 1921, in connection with the cholera epidemic in the cities of Rostov and Nakhichevan-on-Don, by order of the troops of the North Caucasus Military District, Andrei Sergeevich was appointed chairman of the Extraordinary Military Sanitary Commission, which did a great job and eliminated the outbreak of the epidemic in the shortest possible time.

A. S. Bubnov was always at the forefront, heading the most critical areas of work. In 1921, a terrible disaster befell our country. Hunger claimed thousands of lives. On the Don, 25 percent of the peasant population starved. The number of starving people in the South-Eastern region was over a million people. But the situation was worse in the Volga region and in the central provinces of the country. Therefore, the party and the government pinned certain hopes on the Don and the North Caucasus; on February 16, 1921, V. I. Lenin sent a telegram to the head of the People's Commissariat of Food in the South-East, M. I. Frumkin, and the head of the North Caucasus railway district, S. D. Markov. with an order to take “heroic measures to strengthen and maximize the loading and shipment of grain to the center from the North Caucasus...” *.

* (Lenin V I. Complete. collection cit., vol. 52, p. 306-307.)

On July 21, 1921, the South-Eastern Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) created a regional committee to help the starving, headed by A. S. Bubnov.

The committee was faced with a difficult task related to organizing assistance to the barren regions of the South-East of Russia and sending food to the center of Russia. V.I. Lenin carefully controlled the actions of local party and Soviet organizations involved in supplying industrial centers with food, demanding that they “carefully carry out the combat mission, unconditionally, accurately, on time.”

It was necessary in an extremely short time to find and mobilize food supplies, distribute them correctly, organize transport, arrange transportation, resettle and feed the displaced, and provide medical care to the sick. Bubnov's extraordinary organizational skills helped him successfully cope with all tasks. The Famine Relief Committee relied in its work on the support of workers. “Divide your piece of bread in half,” the citizens of the village of Zakharyevka decided. The citizens of the village of Bataysk decided to “take away from their meager reserves” and send a thousand pounds of grain to the Volga region. Rations and cash and clothing lotteries were held for the hunger fund, donations were collected, charity performances were staged, and cleanup days were organized. Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov was especially concerned about the fate of children, so nurseries, orphanages, and orphanages were the subject of his daily concerns. At the same time, on the direct instructions of V.I. Lenin, he participated in the development of emergency measures to combat baggage and profiteering.

V.I. Lenin highly valued A.S. Bubnov. He called him an experienced party comrade *, but sharply criticized him for hesitations and mistakes.

* (Lenin. V.I. Full. collection cit., vol. 43, p. 36.)

A. S. Bubnov was part of the group of the first historians who collected and processed, at the call of V. I. Lenin, materials related to the history of the October Revolution and the Russian Communist Party. In September 1920, signed by V.I. Lenin, a decree of the Council of People's Commissars was published on the approval of a commission on the history of the party at the People's Commissariat of Education, on the basis of which Ispart was organized. A. S. Bubnov headed one of the responsible areas of the commission’s work.

The arrival of A. S. Bubnov to the Don coincided with the publication of the Isparta bulletin, in which he published a draft plan of work on the history of the party for 1917-1920. Devoting a lot of strength and energy to the scientific development of the history of the RCP (b), A. S. Bubnov, despite being extremely busy, found the opportunity to give lectures on the history of the RCP (b) to the party and Soviet activists of the city of Rostov-on-Don, and was the author of the order of the Revolutionary Military Council on to the troops of the North Caucasian Military District on collecting documents on the history of the Red Army units. He took part in the preparation by the Don branch of the State Publishing House in 1921 of a collection of articles and memoirs “October in 1917.” and thereby contributed to the development of historical party research on the Don.

In 1922, Rostovites escorted A.S. Bubnov to a new job - to the apparatus of the Central Committee. While in Moscow, Andrei Sergeevich Bubnov continued to be interested in the cultural and economic life of the Don. As the People's Commissar of Education, in November 1935 he sent a congratulatory telegram to Rostov on the opening of the new theater. M. Gorky in Rostov.

A. S. Bubnov will always be an example for the younger generation of builders of a communist society.

Among those who fell under the scythe of Stalin's repressions, there are people

Which, inexplicably, could have provoked his henchmen to their arrest. For example, Andrey Sergeevich Bubnov. They shot him because he was a German spy; there were 138 spies on the list submitted to Stalin for execution; the execution was signed by Stalin and Molotov. Nothing can be understood from the criminal case about these “spies.” Bubnov’s biggest “crime” is that, as the Head of PURKKA, he gave permission to Bela Kun to gather in the CDKA “Community Internationalists - Participants in the Civil War.” And someone reported that Bubnov was gathering German spies, conspiring with them against Soviet power. And that was enough. He was not present at the trial, he could not be shown in the courtroom, he was so mutilated in order to extract a confession. Perhaps he was reminded of his friendship with Bukharin. And Bukharin was accused of an attempt on Lenin even before Kaplan and on Stalin and Voroshilov after Trotsky was expelled from the country. They once joked that one should hesitate along with the general line of the party. Perhaps Bubnov remembered these hesitations. After all, he categorically did not support Lenin in the Brest Peace case. He was on the side of Trotsky, who argued that a world revolution would soon begin, and now the world did not matter. After 1924, Andrei Sergeevich became an active “Stalinist” and even when in 1929 Stalin, having quarreled with Lunacharsky, decided to replace him, he appointed People’s Commissar of Education instead of the esthete Lunacharsky, the strong businessman Bubnov. At first, Krupskaya, who really liked Andrei Sergeevich, was happy about this; Lunacharsky suppressed her. But soon she began writing letters to Stalin saying that Andrei Sergeevich did not understand the specifics of communication with teaching staff. With her letter, she brought upon herself the disfavor of Bubnov’s friends, and someone even sent Stalin a proposal to arrest her. He did not arrest Krupskaya, but sharply answered her that his comrades had such opinions as to whether it was time to isolate her, and Nadezhda Konstantinovna should take this into account and not stick her neck out. Which, of course, scared her. “Besides Lenin’s wife, many people know what needs to be done in public education.” - wrote Stalin.

In 1956, Bubnov was posthumously rehabilitated and even reinstated in the party. I don’t understand how such a person could be suspected of espionage!?

Born in 1884, he graduated from a real school in 1903 and immediately entered the agricultural institute (Timiryazevka). Member of the RSDLP since 1903. He had the party nickname “chemist” (he loved to invent explosives) and was a candidate member of the Central Committee from 1912 to 1917. Member of the Central Committee from 1917 to 1918 and from 1924 to 1937. He was imprisoned 13 times for active revolutionary activities. During the Civil War he fought with Kaledin on the Don. He was a member of the People's Commissariat of Railways, Commissioner of all railways of the Republic.

In 1918 - Chairman of the All-Ukrainian Central Military Revolutionary Committee. In 1924 - Head of the political department of the Red Army, member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. Responsible editor of the newspaper "Krasnaya Zvezda". In 1925 - Secretary of the Central Committee, member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Since September 1, 1929, People's Commissar of Education.

How could such a person be suspected of treason and, without real evidence, be shot along with 137 other “spies”?