Units of measurement in English. American length notation

Despite the fact that the metric, decimal system of measures and weights has long been adopted in continental Europe, we constantly encounter English and American units for measuring length, area, volume and weight. The most common among them are inch, foot, yard, mile, acre, pound, pint, barrel.

Many, I am sure, have seen a mysterious inscription on bottles with various liquids. fl. oz. In England and the USA, there are many other, less well-known units of measurement for us.

Most often, we use these units of measurement when we talk about such common things as the size of a car tire, a TV screen. The size is usually already indicated in inches right in the model name. The same is true with the diameter of metal and plastic pipes, the size of wrenches and the bolts and nuts themselves. The mileage of American cars is indicated in miles. Calling the cost of oil, they say: "price per barrel", and the weight of gold is often called in ounces. Some cookbooks also list weights in pounds and volumes in ounces or quarts.

And what does the inscription lb or lbs mean in American stores? Read about it at the bottom of the page.

And one more small note: do not try to remember all this, for this purpose reference books were invented so as not to overload memory with routine. So take a look!

It remains only to wish you seven feet under the keel and go directly to the table!

Word pound - pound comes from latin libra pondo. First word libra means "scales" - actually a device for measuring weight and an astrological sign, since the constellation looks like scales. Second - pondo- just weight. Accordingly, all combinations libra pondo means "weight pound" (or, if you prefer, "weight pound"). In modern English, "libra pondo" has changed and shortened to "pound", but the abbreviation has remained from the Latin libra-lb.

Often in stores in English-speaking countries you can see the abbreviation pounds to denote pounds, which, strictly speaking, is a mistake, because according to the international convention, the pound is a unit of measurement, and abbreviations for units of measurement in English do not have a plural, as well, by the way, as in Russian. We don't write Kgy or KWe.

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A few facts about the British imperial and American systems of measures and weights

Many have heard that there are British imperial and American systems of weights and measures. Do you know how they differ? These two systems are closely related, they both originated from the English system, which, in turn, is based on the ancient Roman system of measures. The American and British systems of measures are so close that they are often confused. And it is not surprising, given that often in these systems the names of the units are the same, although their meanings may differ.

History of units

The units of measurement that are in use today in the US and partly in the UK were introduced during the Norman conquests. The yard is the only unit that has remained virtually unchanged since that time. The yard replaced the previously used cubit (ell). Chain (chain) - another measure that came from the old England, which has not changed much. On the other hand, the foot (foot), which is in use today, has changed from the original foot. Today the unit has a rod of 16.5 feet, but originally there were exactly 15. The furlong and the acre have not changed much in the last thousand years. Initially, they were a measure of the value of land, but later became simply units of area.

Confusion with British pounds

Differences between British and American systems

Perhaps the most unusual are units of volume. A US liquid gallon is 0.83 imperial gallon and a US dry gallon is 0.97 imperial gallon. In the UK, a single gallon is used for liquids and solids.

US Independence

After the US Declaration of Independence, America broke away and developed its own system of weights and measures. That is why today the values ​​\u200b\u200bof American and British gallons, pounds, yards differ. Ultimately, the governments of the two countries decided to work together and introduce precise definitions of the yard and foot, based on copies of the official standards that the British Parliament adopted in 1850. True, I had to admit that these "official" standards were not of very high quality and cannot provide the accuracy needed in the modern world. So in 1960, two governments officially redefined the pound and yard based on the standards used in the metric system. And although the changes in 1960 were very small in magnitude, their consequence was the emergence of two parallel standards of measures of length in the United States - surveying measures (the old standard) and international measures (the new one, tied to metric units).

The differences between US and UK units are often the subject of discussion and jokes among tourists. For example, in England, beer is sold by the pint, with a British pint being larger than an American pint. This spawns endless jokes about Americans not being able to calculate their dose of drink and the British, who always have too high prices for a gallon of gasoline.

What other differences are there in units?

Until 1960, the British yard and pound did not differ significantly from their American counterparts, at least for everyday use - measuring not very long distances or selling, for example, products. But there were some differences even in this common usage. For example, in the United States, short distances are usually expressed in feet, while in England they are expressed in yards.

It's hard to believe, but people who grew up among a different measurement system and other units are still alive. In the old imperial system, there was a unit of stone (stone), equal to 14 pounds. Eight stone was a centner (hundredweight), and a ton was equal to 20 centners or 2240 pounds. There are no stones in the American system, and a centner is equal to 100 pounds. Accordingly, a ton is equal to 2000 pounds. The round value of 2000 is easier to remember than 2240, but the existence of two different options for tons and hundredweights leads to confusion, especially in international trade. To make it easier for people in different countries to understand the difference when talking about a ton, often the British ton is called long (long ton), and the American - short (short ton). But there is still a metric ton (metric tonne)!

If you think the modern system is too complicated, think about those who lived in the 19th century. Thomas Jefferson, in his Plan for the Establishment of Uniform Standards for Coins, Weights and Measures, noted that only in the United States there were 14 different definitions of the gallon. The smallest of the gallons contained 224 cubic inches and the largest contained 282 cubic inches. The difference is more than a quarter! Ultimately, the Queen Anne gallon was chosen as the official one.

To facilitate the international trade in oil, a single unit of measurement, the barrel, was chosen. One barrel is 159 liters or 42 US gallons. Precious metals are traded in troy ounces, one troy ounce is equal to 31.10 grams.

In the end, probably, the whole world will come to a single system of measurements. Most likely, it will be the metric system. But while we still live in a world where a wild mixture of systems and units coexist, including units that have the same name, but with different meanings. Isn't our world a little crazy?

Regions that do not use the metric system as the main one are marked in red. Not many countries, right?

The most difficult thing when moving to America, most immigrants consider the transition to another measurement system: instead of the usual meters, degrees Celsius and kilograms, a completely new world falls upon people, in which all familiar realities are measured completely, from their point of view, illogically.

But one tale says that the United States actually had the opportunity to live according to the metric system, but they were prevented from doing so by ... British pirates!

This story was published by the Washington Post newspaper, along the way lamenting that Americans still have the opportunity to “think their heads” and switch to a “more understandable, simpler and logical” metric system - or, as it is now called, the International System of Units (fr. Le Systeme International d'Unites, S.I.).

However, we are talking about the times when the Parisian scientists decided for the first time to bring all units of measurement from a single system. To this end, they proposed to the American Congress to come to a general agreement. At that time, the Secretary of State was Thomas Jefferson, who welcomed the unification of the measurement system. So in 1793, a ship was sent from Paris towards America, on which the botanist and aristocrat Joseph Dombey carried two standards of the metric system: a rod exactly one meter long and a copper cylinder weighing exactly one kilogram.

Unfortunately, on the way across the Atlantic, the ship with Dombey on board got into a storm, and as a result they were brought by the current to the Caribbean Sea - right into the hands of local pirates. In fact, the pirates did not consider themselves as such: they were British subjects who were given permission by the Queen herself to attack any non-British ships. But in fact, they were still engaged in piracy. So the French crew, along with the academician, was imprisoned (Joseph Dombey did not last long in captivity and soon died), and all the property found on the ship, including the standards, were auctioned off.

A copy of the 1 kg standard held in the USA.

But of course this is just a joke...

There is an opinion that the SI system was never approved in the USA. She is so invisible in this country that a person who does not go into too much detail can get such an impression. But it is absolutely not true! A number of acts have been adopted that approve it as the official system of weights and measures of the United States. How, then, did it happen that Americans still use the old units of measurement? The fact is that all the adopted acts are advisory (and not mandatory) for private business and ordinary residents of the country. And this means that every American has the right to measure in familiar inches and weigh in pounds familiar from childhood. And this right is used not only by people, but also by giant corporations.

There are only three countries in the world that have not yet switched to the SI system. These are the USA, Liberia and Myanmar (until 1989 - Burma). The rest of the peoples of the world either switched to the metric system completely, or at least officially accepted it as a standard. Another thing is how things are with the people. In Russia, even now they can call a kilometer “verst” in conversation, but at the same time everyone clearly understands that we are talking about the most ordinary metric kilometer, and not about the old Russian verst.

But in the United States, the old folk system of weights and measures is used not only in everyday life. Football fields are measured in yards. Work done by car engines in outlandish foot pounds. Atmospheric pressure is in pounds per square inch.

The United States uses the U.S. instead of the international SI system. Customary System (Traditional US System). It includes more than three hundred units of measurement of various physical quantities. The difficulty lies in the fact that many of these units of measurement are called the same, but at the same time they mean completely different things.

Let's give the simplest and most understandable to every person, even very far from engineering wisdom. It would seem that what can be difficult in a ton? This is a thousand kilograms and nothing else! But in the US, there are at least nine definitions of the concept of "ton": short ton (short ton), displacement ton (displacement ton), frozen ton (refrigeration ton), nuclear ton (nuclear ton), cargo (freight) ton (freight ton) , register ton, metric ton, assay ton, fuel ton or ton of coal equivalent.

And despite all these obvious difficulties, neither in business nor in everyday life in the United States is a simple, understandable and unambiguous metric system used. The reasons for this lie, as often happens, in the history of this country.

The attitude of the United States to the metric system at first was determined by relations with France

In the colonies of Britain, the British Imperial System (British Imperial System) was used. At the end of the 18th century, the metric system was developed in France. Which, of course, neither Britain itself nor its colonies accepted.

When the United States gained independence, attempts were made in the country to streamline the system for measuring quantities. But they ran into, as is often the case, the financial issue. Thomas Jefferson, who served as US Secretary of State under George Washington, favored the decimal system. But it turned out that it would be impossible to determine the metric units of length without sending a delegation to France. And it was a costly business.

Relations with France, which had supported the United States in its struggle for independence, entered a cooling phase after 1795. When in 1798 France invited representatives of various countries to familiarize themselves with the metric system, the Americans were faced with a dismissive attitude towards themselves.

And yet, representatives of the United States visited Paris and were delighted with the metric system. But the likelihood of convincing the country's leaders of the need to switch to a new system of weights and measures coming from France was very weak. In 1821, US Secretary of State John Quincy studied the units of measurement for 22 states of the country and concluded that the U.S. The Customary System is fairly unified and doesn't need to be changed.

Napoleon reigned in France, and the Americans had doubts that the French themselves would remain faithful to the system of weights and measures they had created. As a result, the consideration of the metric system in the United States at this historical stage ceased. But this does not mean that they did not return to it again and again as the SI system gained more and more recognition in various parts of our vast world.

In 1865, the American Civil War ended. The Americans looked around and found that most of the countries of Europe had switched to the decimal metric system. And this obvious fact in the United States could no longer be ignored. In 1866, the Congress of the country passed an act according to which the metric system became official for use in all contracts, transactions and lawsuits.

Nine years later, France brought together representatives of the leading countries of the world to discuss the details of the new international version of the metric system. The United States received an invitation and sent its delegation. Representatives of these countries signed an international convention, establishing the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and the International Committee of Weights and Measures, whose tasks included reviewing and adopting changes.

The agreement provided for the creation of a special hall in the French city of Servais near Paris, where standards of metric standards, in particular the standard of the meter, should be placed. This made it possible to avoid difficulties in understanding by different peoples what exactly is meant by one or another unit of measurement.

In 1890, the United States received copies of the international standard for the meter and the international standard for the kilogram. Under the Mendenhall Order (named for the Superintendent of Weights and Measures), metric units were accepted as the fundamental standard for length and mass in the United States. A yard was defined as 3600/3937 meters and a pound as 0.4535924277 kilograms.

In 1959, English-speaking countries made some adjustments: 1 yard was equal to 0.9144 meters, and 1 pound to 0.4535923. That is, formally, the United States has already adopted the metric system as the standard for measures and weights for 145 years, and for about 120 years everything in this country should have been measured in meters and kilograms. But, as practice shows, making a decision does not mean its implementation in real life.

Many prominent US scientists and politicians were supporters of the obligatory metric system for the entire country. In 1971, it began to look like the United States would finally be among the countries that adopted the metric system. The National Bureau of Standards released the Metric America report recommending the country switch to the metric system within ten years.

In 1975, the Metric Conversion Act was passed by Congress, the essence of which was the same as the recommendations of standards specialists, but with only two important differences. Rigid time frames were not set, and the transition to the metric system itself assumed voluntariness. As a result, the country's schoolchildren began to pass the SI system, and some companies attempted "metrification", which turned out to be fruitless propaganda, since there were no real actions to switch to metric units of measurement.

It turned out that in the United States units of measurement are used, which are already forgotten in the rest of the world. An increasing number of consumers of American products began to demand that the goods supplied be accompanied by a specification in the metric system. As American companies opened more and more manufacturing facilities in Europe and Asia, it became necessary to decide whether to use metric or traditional American units.

Recognizing these complexities, in 1988 Congress amended the Metric Conversion Act to make the metric system the "preferred system of weights and measures of the United States for trade and commerce." As of late 1992, federal agencies were required to use metric units when measuring quantities related to purchases, grants, and other matters related to business activity. But these instructions concerned only state structures. Private business remained free to use the usual system of measurement. Attempts have been made to interest small businesses in the metric system, but little progress has been noted.

Today, only about 30% of products manufactured in the USA are “metrified”. The pharmaceutical industry in the United States has been referred to as "strictly metric" because all specifications of the country's pharmaceutical products are reported exclusively in metric units. On drinks there are designations both in metric and in traditional for the USA systems of sizes. This industry is considered "soft metric". The metric system is also used in the US by film, tool and bicycle manufacturers. Otherwise, in the USA they prefer to measure the old fashioned way. In ancient inches and pounds. And this applies even to such a young industry as high technology.

What prevents a highly developed industrial country from switching to a system of measures and weights generally accepted on our planet? There are a number of reasons for this.

Conservatism and costs hinder the transition to the metric system

One of the reasons is the costs that would have to be incurred by the country's economy in the event of a transition to the SI system. After all, technical drawings and instructions for the most complex equipment would have to be reworked. This would require a lot of work of highly paid specialists. And, therefore, money. For example, NASA engineers reported that converting Space Shuttle blueprints, software, and documentation to metric units would cost $370 million, about half the cost of a typical Space Shuttle launch.

But the high costs of transition alone cannot explain the cool attitude of Americans towards the metric system. Psychological factors play their own, and by no means the last, role in holding back the country's transition to the international system of weights and measures. The stubborn conservatism of Americans makes them resist any innovation, especially those that come from foreigners.

Americans always like to do things their own way. Individualism is the main feature of the representatives of this people. The descendants of the conquerors of the boundless expanses of the Wild West stubbornly reject attempts to force them to abandon the inches and pounds familiar since childhood.

No high technology can force a person to reconsider his conservative views. For example, commercial mobile communications have existed since 1947. But it really only became interesting in the early 1980s. Events happen only when the consciousness of the average person is ready to accept them. And this, in turn, is possible only if a person sees the meaning in it. And the average American simply does not see much sense for himself personally in the metric system.

Therefore, all efforts to introduce the metric system in the United States run into the impregnable stronghold of the everyday life of ordinary citizens of the country who do not want to let meters and kilograms go there. There is another important reason, which we talked about a little earlier. A significant part of the largest corporations in the world are located in the United States. Their products are competitive in the world market even in unusual inches and pounds. What's unusual! The whole world will be very surprised if one day the screen size of the next smartphone will be indicated in centimeters familiar from the school bench, and not in inches, which would seem to have descended from the pages of a history textbook. And this means that Americans have no reason to abandon their traditional system of weights and measures.

sources
Sourced from science.howstuffworks.com

When I was in America, one of the difficulties for me was an unusual system of measures. Of course, I knew that in the USA, as in Great Britain, they use not the usual meters, liters, kilograms, but incomprehensible feet, inches, gallons. But I underestimated how often in everyday life we ​​encounter units of measurement. In this article, I will provide the most important practical information about units of measurement.

Most important, because complete information is of little use. In the English system of measures, there are many units that are mentioned in the literature, documents, but are practically not found in everyday life. You can read more about waves, centrals, slugs, hands on Wikipedia. Here I wrote about what is useful in life, this is not an encyclopedic article, but a practical guide.

What is the English system of measures?

The world uses the English (imperial) system of measures (Imperial system) and metric (metric system).

The English system of measures is used in the UK (since 1995, the metric system has been used as the official one), the USA, Myanmar and Liberia. These four countries speak the language of inches and pounds. The rest of the world is in the language of meters and kilograms. Do not be fooled by the fact that in American films in Russian translation, the characters speak in meters and liters - in the cinema, units of measurement are usually converted for ease of perception (in books they are often left).

The most noticeable difference in the English system is that in it units of measurement, for example, weight, do not correlate with each other as millimeters, centimeters, meters and kilometers, that is, 1 to 100 or 1000. For example, 1 pound \u003d 16 ounces, but 1 ton = 2000 pounds. This has historically been the case, and this difference is often emphasized in various jokes about the English system.

Units of length: inches, feet, yards, miles - how much is it in (centi-) meters?

A person's height is measured in feet and inches. For example, when they say “he is six and five”, they mean that “he is six feet, five inches tall” (195 cm). Inches, feet and yards are used when talking about the size of different objects. When people talk about distance, they use miles.

Note: the word foot forms non-standard: 1 foot - 10 feet.

Measures of weight: ounces, pounds, stone and tons - how much to hang in grams?

Measures of weight are used in stores when weighing. On the price tags, they also usually write the price per pound, as in our stores the price per kilogram. Body weight is measured in pounds (US) or pounds and stone (UK).

Also, problems will arise if you come to the gym in America: the weights will be signed in pounds. In Russia, in some fitness clubs, you can also see simulators with unusual weights: 22.5 kg - 36 kg - 45.5 kg. And it's written on sticky notes. This is the result of “Russification” of foreign equipment.

Note: Please note that pound is abbreviated as lb - from the Latin libra - scales.

Measures of liquids: a pint of beer - how much is it in liters?

Measures of liquids are found on the packaging of goods: water, soft drinks and alcoholic drinks (degrees, by the way, are indicated in the same way as we do). Gasoline at gas stations is considered gallons.

On product labels, ounces (oz) and gallons (gl) are most often found. For example, beer in small bottles is usually 12 ounces (29.5 ml), in large bottles - 40 ounces (1182.9 ml). "Coca-Cola" in cans - 7.5 (198 ml) or 12 ounces (29.5 ml). Milk is usually sold in 1 gallon (3.78 l) bottles. Cups, teaspoons and tablespoons are used in cooking recipes.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the barrel (barrel in English. “barrel”). There are several varieties of barrel. The table shows the American barrel for liquids(fluid barrel), equal to 31.5 gallons or 117.3 liters. The barrel we hear about on the news is oil barrel, a unit of measure for the volume of oil (oil barrel, abbr.: bbl), it is equal to 42 gallons or 158.988 liters.

Measures of bulk solids: "dry" gallons, pints, pitches, bushels

Units of measure for bulk solids are not often seen in everyday life, but I also decided to mention them, because you need to know that there are “dry” pints, quarts, gallons, and “liquid”. Most of these measures are used in agriculture.

Loose bodies include not only cereals, sugar, but also berries and fruits. Grapes or apples in agriculture may well be measured (and sold) in dry pints, quarts, or even pitches, bushels, if we are talking about a large volume.

Before all words except peck and bushel, you can add “dry” if you need to clarify that we are talking about “dry” pints, gallons, etc. Peck and bushel cannot but be “dry”.

Fahrenheit temperature

In the UK, the temperature is measured in Celsius, as we have, and in the USA - in Fahrenheit. When I arrived in the US, at first I was not told anything by these “80 degrees” in the weather forecast or conversation.

There is an “easy” way to convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius and vice versa:

• Fahrenheit - Celsius: subtract 32 from the original number, multiply by 5, divide by 9.
• Celsius - Fahrenheit: multiply the original number by 9, divide by 5, add 32.

Of course, I never used it, but over time I got used to the fact that 70 is warm, 80 is hot, and more than 90 is infernal heat. For purely practical purposes, I have compiled a table for you to visually explain the temperature in Fahrenheit.

Note: in the epigraph of R. Bradbury's novel "451 degrees Fahrenheit" it is said that at a temperature of 451 degrees Fahrenheit, paper lights up. This is a mistake, in fact the paper catches fire at a temperature of about 450 degrees Celsius.

Speed ​​in miles per hour

If you drive a car, you will have to get used to not only the distance in miles, but also the speed in miles per hour. Converting miles per hour to kilometers per hour is much easier than Fahrenheit to Celsius: you just need to multiply the speed in miles per hour by 1.609344. If roughly, then just multiply by one and a half times.

In this table, I have included a comparison of speeds so that you can get an idea of ​​what speed is in miles per hour.

Household units of measurement: a box of chocolates, a box of flour, a glass of water, etc.

In addition to these official units of measurement, “household” measures are actively used in colloquial speech: a can of beer, a bottle of water, a box of tangerines, a piece of sausage, etc. Here are some of these words. Please note that sometimes they are used in a figurative sense (a grain of truth - a grain of truth, a grain of truth).

• a bar of
  • chocolate - chocolate bar
  • soap - a piece of soap
  • gold - an ingot of gold
• a box of
  • cereal - box of cereal
  • chocolat (chocolates) - a box of chocolates

• a pile of
  • paper - a bunch of papers
  • trash - a pile of garbage
• a glass of
  • water, wine etc - a glass of wine, water, etc.
• a drop of
  • oil, blood, water - a drop of oil, blood, water, etc.
• a piece of
  • cake - a piece of cake
  • furniture - a piece of furniture
  • advice - advice (singular)
  • luggage - a piece of luggage (e.g. one suitcase)
• a carton of
  • ice cream - packaging (box) of ice cream
  • milk - a carton of milk
  • juice - juice box
  • cigarettes - block of cigarettes
• a crate of
  • oysters - a box of shrimp
  • coconuts - box of coconuts
• a bowl of
  • cereal - a cup of cereal
  • rice - a cup of rice
  • soup - a cup of soup
• a grain of
  • rice - a grain of rice (one rice)
  • sand - a grain of sand
  • truth - grain of truth
• a bottle of
  • water - water
  • wine - wine
• a slice of
  • bread - a piece of bread
  • meat - a piece of meat
  • cheese - a piece of cheese
• a bag of
  • sugar - a bag of sugar
  • flour - bag of flour
• a pack of
  • cigarettes - pack of cigarettes
  • cards - deck of cards (UK), deck\set of cards - US
• a roll of
  • tape - film roll
  • toilet paper - a roll of toilet paper
• a handful of
  • dust - a handful of dust
  • salt - a handful of salt
• a pinch of
  • salt - a pinch of salt
  • pepper - a pinch of pepper

Notes:

• Disposable plastic cups are foam cups, not foam glasses, or usually just cups. Foam glass is foam glass (stoymaterial).
• Packages in stores are bags, not packs.
• box- this is usually a small cardboard box (a box of cereal, candy), crate– a crate (e.g. a wooden crate with fruit).
• Slice is a piece cut with a knife.
• Cup- This is a cup for drinks (tea, coffee), and bowl- a cup for food.
• Advice is an uncountable noun, like information or knowledge. When talking about a single piece of advice, the expression “a piece of advice” is used.

Is it difficult to get used to English units of measurement?

When I arrived in the US on the program, I already spoke pretty good English. I had no problems when I talked with the employer - he was even surprised by my knowledge of the language. But when I had a physical, the doctor asked me three simple questions, and I couldn't answer any of them. She asked me my height, weight and eye color. And then I realized that I have no idea what my height and weight are according to the American system. As for the eyes (brown), I wanted to say that hazel, but I doubted - and not in vain, brown eyes (in my case) are English brown, and hazel eyes are light brown, closer to green.

This is what hazel eyes look like

Later it turned out that we encounter measures of measurement at every step. Before, I just never paid attention to it. At first, I tried to roughly translate American units into ours in my mind: I counted a pound as a pound, and a mile as a kilometer and a half. As for the temperature, I remembered that 80 degrees is hot, and 100 is hellish heat (this happens in New Orleans).

This approach is suitable if you are in the US for a few days, but if you live there for a long time, work, communicate with local residents, then it is better not to suffer with conversion, but just get used to counting apples in pounds, distance in miles, and height in feet and inches . The fastest “internal converter” is turned off in the most important thing - the currency.

US units. When you go to give birth in the USA (you can read about why they go to give birth in the USA), you will have to live in this country for some time, enjoy its benefits and put up with some not always convenient features. It cannot be said that the inconvenience is significant, rather it is a matter of habit, but some of them can practically lead to a stupor. First of all, we are talking about the measurement system adopted in the United States.

Forget the usual centimeters, meters, liters, kilograms, grams, degrees Celsius - most Americans have only heard about them, but have no idea how many kilograms they weigh and how many liters fit in the gas tank of their car. This would be only half the problem if local units of measurement were formed according to the same system as in the metric scale - 1000 grams in a kilogram, 1000 kilograms in a ton, 100 centimeters in a meter, and so on. Here, everything is completely different and there is no system, you just need to remember.

Why did it happen? A small digression into history. As you know, the United States at one time was predominantly an English colony and, accordingly, the same system of measures was adopted in the United States as in Great Britain - the imperial one. Units of measurement were formed simply, for example, a foot is the length of a king's foot, a gallon is the size of a standard wine jug at that time, etc. In this form, this system migrated to the United States. It is curious that officially the imperial system of measurement currently exists only in three countries - these are the USA, Liberia and Myanmar. In Great Britain itself, where the imperial system of measurement comes from, the metric system has long been formally adopted.

So, you had a baby in the USA, in the hospital immediately after birth they weighed him, measured him and told you that your baby weighs, for example, 6 Lb (pounds) and 5 Oz (ounces), and his height was 22.5 In (inch). You are interested in his temperature, and the nurse answers you that the baby's temperature is normal, a little over 98 degrees. How to be? Of course, we are exaggerating a little - all medical workers, unlike ordinary people, are familiar with the metric system of measurement and can easily convert data into the form we are used to, but nevertheless, local units of measurement must, if not know by heart, then at least understand. After all, the speed on the road signs is indicated in miles, you will fill the rented car with gallons of fuel, weigh the goods in stores in pounds, and measure the baby’s temperature in Fahrenheit (if you didn’t bring your usual Celsius thermometer with you from home). Below we list the main units of measurement that you will regularly encounter when traveling to give birth in America.

• 1 mile (mile) - 1609 meters
• 1 foot (foot) - 0.304 meters
• 1 inch (inch) - 2.54 cm.

• 1 ft2 - 0.09 m2. The area of ​​apartments is measured in feet. To make it easier to understand, 100 feet2 is a little more than 9 m2.
• 1 acre - 0.405 hectares

• 1 pound (Lb) - 454 grams. Please note that the weight in stores is indicated in pounds. Therefore, the price per pound of apples is approximately 2.2 times less than the price per kilogram.
• 1 ounce (Oz) - 28.3 grams

Liquid:

• 1 gallon - 3.78 liters
• 1 pint (Pt) - 0.47 liters
• 1 ounce (Oz) - 29.5 grams

Temperature. With temperature, it’s getting more and more difficult and it will be difficult for you to calculate exact numbers without a calculator, so it’s easier to just remember a few values ​​that generally reflect the situation. For example, a body temperature of 98 degrees is the norm. 100 degrees outside is hot, 70 is pleasant, 32 is zero Celsius and anything below is freezing. It is worth noting that most manufacturers of goods in the United States have recently duplicated information in the metric system on their products, so you can go shopping without a calculator.

And by the way, the date in the USA is also written differently - first the month is indicated, then the day, and at the end the year.

We will be happy to organize your birth trip in the USA, we have been working for a long time, transparently and professionally. You can familiarize yourself with the prices for our services.

We also provide additional services of assistance in the preparation of Russian and American documents and provide excursion support in the state of Utah.

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