The throttle valve is unscrewed by the thrust screw of the VAZ injector. Features of a modern throttle valve

The malfunctions began with the fact that the car's speed began to fluctuate greatly, and there was also a feeling that the throttle valve had ceased to respond adequately to the gas pedal. It's like it's starting to stick. After reading the forums, it became clear that it was clogged with carbon deposits, and I decided to clean it myself. After removing the damper, I tried cleaning it with a regular car dirt remover, but that didn't help much. If we skip all the details, then the short summary is the following: the only way to properly flush the throttle body is with throttle body wash or carburetor cleaner.

After installing the throttle in place, the revs still did not stop floating. Looking ahead, I’ll say that it was necessary to reset the throttle calibration in the brain or just drive a few hundred kilometers. But out of my stupidity, I decided to turn the plastic adjusting screw on the throttle and completely messed up all the settings. Here's the screw:

Not understanding what I was doing, I reset all the idle settings and as a result got the engine to work like a tractor :)
I drove like this for about a year, sinning with the fact that the throttle simply broke and, in general, the fact that the engine was already pulled out from the dead after a collision of pistons and valves, but that’s a completely different story.

And then the other day it dawned on me that if you flush the throttle, reset the calibrations and smoothly turn this screw with the engine running, you can adjust the idle speed to an ideal state. And now I had almost everything set up, the engine was running almost perfectly, and then this bolt broke! Of course, I didn’t expect such a setup, so I went looking for it in stores. And here is another bummer - it is not sold separately, and you can only buy the entire throttle assembly for several tens of thousands of rubles... This option did not particularly suit me. Finding the same bolt during disassembly also turned out to be problematic, since when unscrewing it turned out that it often breaks.

After much brainstorming, I decided to make such a screw myself.
The main problem is that it is not just a screw, but a hollow plastic tube with a spring-loaded pusher, which moves the damper itself. At first I tried to replace this nit with a simple steel bolt without a spring, but the car constantly sprinkled with dzhekichan and fell into emergency mode when driving in a traffic jam. So this is not an option.

In the end, I decided to make a complete copy of the factory screw. I took an M10*50 bolt as a basis and ground its end flat:

Next, we drill out the longitudinal hole with a 5.5mm drill, leaving a 2.5mm hole at the end of the bolt into which the rod will rest, and on the side of the bolt we drill a hole for the pin that secures the spring (it turned out a little crooked, but it will work):

There was the remains of an old plastic bolt in the throttle body, so it had to be drilled out and a new M10 thread cut:

We assemble the screw, lubricate it with lithol, wrap the thread with fume tape so that it does not wobble in the thread and spins tightly, and assemble the throttle:

We install the throttle position sensor, fill the hole in the bolt with glue, and the throttle is ready:

To calibrate, tighten the bolt so that the throttle valve is slightly, slightly open, reset the calibrations in the brain and start the engine. After it has been running for a few minutes, you need to see if the damper is rattling. If it constantly moves and the engine jerks, then the bolt needs to be turned a little. It is necessary to find the state in which the throttle will be stationary and the motor will work equally. All! Now the throttle can be considered repaired and you can enjoy the soft operation of the engine. And the money for a new throttle can be spent on something more pleasant :)

I hope my experience will be useful for someone

An analogue of a modern car is a device made up of many components and assemblies. Deviations in the operation of the smallest component can lead to quite serious problems. (TPDZ) is one example of this type of component. And adjusting the throttle valve is an integral element of routine diagnostics of any car.

The throttle valve is presented in the form of an air valve, the functional task of which is to regulate the amount of air entering the engine. The fundamental features of the unit include a change in the cross-section of the air channel. When it is open, air flows smoothly through the intake manifold. The throttle position sensor, located here, determines the opening angle. This function is carried out through its communication with the engine control unit. The signals coming from the sensor contribute to the issuance of a command from the control unit to increase the amount of injected combustible mixture. Thus, the working mixture is enriched, and the engine operates closer to maximum speed.

Its sensor includes two types of resistors:

• Single-turn constant.
• Variable.

The sum of their resistance is approximately 8 kOhm. The reference voltage here is supplied to one of the outer terminals from the controller, and the second terminal is connected to ground. Thanks to this, a signal is sent to the controller, informing about the current position of the throttle valve. The value of the pulse voltage depends on the position level of the element, the standard interval of which is 0.7 to 4 W.

Important: the open state of the unit indicates the pressure level in the intake system of the vehicle is similar to atmospheric pressure; when closed, this value decreases to the vacuum state.

Type diversity

Everyone knows two types of TPS:

1. Sample with a mechanical drive type.
2. Unit with electric drive type.

The first type is being implemented in economy class vehicles. The complete set of elements is combined in a separate block, which includes the following parts:

• frame;
• throttle valve;
• sensor;
• idle speed controller.

As an addition, there are also pipes located here, the functional task of which is to ensure the operation of gasoline vapor recovery and crankcase ventilation systems.

The damper housing is part of the cooling system. The functional task of the idle speed controller is to maintain the crankshaft speed in the closed position of the damper when starting or warming up the engine. The IAC is a stepper motor and valve. The functional tasks of these parts are to regulate the air supply entering the intake system bypass.

IN modern conditions Most manufacturing plants equip their machines with electric-type dampers. These elements are characterized by their own electronic control system. Thus, at all speed ranges and loads of the machine, optimal value torque. In addition to increased power and dynamics, owners receive a reduction in fuel consumption and exhaust emissions.

This element includes the following mechanisms:

• Frame.
• Throttle valve.
• Electric motor.
• Gearbox.
• Return spring mechanism.

Differences between the electric damper type

Main functional differences:

• Lack of mechanical connection between the gas pedal and the throttle;
• Adjustment of XX by direct movement of the damper.
• The electronic system is able to independently influence the amount of torque of the internal combustion engine. This is possible due to the absence of a rigid connection between the gas pedal and the throttle valve. This condition persists even when the driver presses the accelerator.

Such functional changes are possible thanks to the operation of input-type sensors of the control unit and the actuator. This electronic control system device is additionally characterized by an accelerator pedal position sensor and a brake and clutch position switch. Thanks to all this, the engine control unit successfully responds to sensor signals, converting them to the damper module into control actions.

Alternative replacement

Sometimes there are cars with parallel installation of 2 TPS. In a functional sense, such installation will not add any power, but if one unit fails, the second one will operate uninterruptedly. Therefore, the introduction of two TPS is carried out in order to increase the reliability of the module. These elements can be either non-contact type or sliding contact type. As an addition, this module design includes an emergency damper position, which operates thanks to a return spring mechanism.

Nature of faults

Malfunctions or incorrect adjustment of the damper can be manifested in the following features:

• uncertain or difficult engine starting;
• increased fuel consumption;
• increased idle speed;
• failures when accelerating;
• Jerking when switching.

Adjustment work

It is the damper that accounts for the bulk of the work. Due to the fact that the damper is constantly involved in the moving operation of the motor, its position angle requires periodic adjustment. Please note that this process is quite painstaking. You cannot avoid replacing the throttle valve if its adjustment leads to any deviations. In order to avoid such incidents during replacement, we will consider in detail the details of correct throttle valve adjustment.

First, turn off the ignition to bring the throttle valve to the closed position. Secondly, disconnect the connector in the sensor, simultaneously checking for continuity between the terminals. Make sure there is no voltage. Then you can begin to configure and adjust the sensor. After this, you need to resort to using a 0.4 mm thick probe. It is used by placing it between the lever and the screw in parallel with the location of the throttle body gasket.

Using an ohmmeter (you can use another similar device), you need to make sure that there is no voltage here either. The presence of voltage indicates a malfunction of the sensor and its need for further replacement. If the condition of no voltage is met, we proceed to direct adjustment of the sensor. The manipulations are as follows: turn the throttle valve actuator until the angle between the terminals reaches a value equal to the technical standards of the existing vehicle. Upon completion of work, make sure that the screws on the sensor are securely tightened. During the adjustment process they could become loose.

Not really

Among all the variety of car parts, there is one on which the supply of oxygen to the vehicle’s power unit largely depends. This element is called the “throttle valve” and is part of the intake system of an internal combustion engine. In this article we will talk about adjusting the throttle, the method of “learning” it, and also try to understand the operation of the throttle sensor and the features of its settings.

1. Throttle position sensor: its functions and operating principle

The throttle (also known as the throttle valve), as a structural element of the intake system of gasoline engines, is designed to regulate the amount of air entering the power unit. Air is necessary to create a fuel-air mixture, which means the throttle valve itself is directly involved in this process. But its position sensor is largely responsible for the quality and stability of the operation of the named element.

It is a special device designed to convert the angular position of the inductor into DC voltage. In other words, it can be called a sensor for the electronic engine control system of a vehicle with a fuel injection system.

Such a device is simply necessary for the system, otherwise accurate fuel dosing will be a problematic task. As soon as the throttle position sensor sends a signal, the controller determines the current throttle position, and based on the rate of change of the signal, the dynamics of pressing the accelerator pedal is monitored, which, in turn, is the main factor for accurate fuel dosage.

When the engine starts, the controller begins to monitor the angle of deflection of the throttle valve, and if it is open more than 75%, the engine purge mode is activated. Based on the sensor signal indicating the extreme position of the throttle, the controller proceeds to control the idle speed regulator, thus providing additional air supply to the car engine, bypassing the closed damper.

The described sensor is a potentiometric type device that includes constant and single-turn variable resistors. The total resistance of these elements reaches about 8 kOhm. The controller supplies a reference voltage to one of the potentiometer terminals, and the other extreme terminal of the device is connected to ground. The middle pin is responsible for transmitting a signal about the current position of the throttle, which, passing through a resistor, goes to the controller. A signal value whose voltage is less than 0.7 V is regarded as an indicator of a completely closed damper, and if the voltage is equal to or exceeds 4V, then the control unit considers the throttle valve to be completely open.

The TPS is installed on the throttle body and connected to the axis of its rotation, which has a special groove that fits into the position sensor socket and is attached to it with two screws. Installation of the sensor in place should be carried out with some offset and through a protective ring gasket. Once it is in place, it must be turned until the mounting holes of the sensor itself and the holes on the damper body completely coincide, after which they are connected using fastening screws.

Setting the initial position of the sensor is easiest done directly on the car. After installing it (with the ignition off), connect the sensor connector, then turn on the ignition and check the voltage at the signal terminal. The value should correspond to less than 0.7 V, and if the value is greater, then you need to orient the sensor to the value you need by loosening the mounting screws.

2. Throttle adjustment

To adjust the throttle valve, first turn off the car’s ignition, which will ensure its closure, disconnect the sensor connector, immediately checking for continuity between the terminals, and if there is none, then this means that the TPS should be adjusted and adjusted.

Now that the throttle is in the closed position, you should use the feeler gauge located between the lever and the screw (also where the throttle body gasket is located). Using an ohmmeter (or any other similar device), make sure that there is no voltage here either; otherwise, if the device shows its presence, then you can conclude that the sensor is faulty and replace it with a new device. When all is well, the adjustment continues as usual: you need to turn the throttle drive until the value between the terminals is reached, which is indicated in the technical documentation of the vehicle. After making the adjustment, check the tightness of the screws on the sensor, as during the work they could have loosened and become loose.

3. What is needed and how to adjust the throttle valve?

The importance of the throttle valve adjustment (or adaptation) procedure cannot be overestimated, however, not every driver knows what it is. Now we will try to understand this issue.

When the throttle assembly of any modern car operates, various types of contaminants gradually accumulate on the surface of the valve - be it dust, soot or technical lubricant. Over time, they all form a fairly decent layer of dirt, which reduces the air gap between the damper and the vehicle's air duct. The presence of a gap of the established norm is very important point in the matter of the normal functioning of the power unit of the car, because it is thanks to it that the idle speed can remain at the desired level.

When it decreases, the car's ECU () sends a command to open the damper slightly by introducing certain coefficients that take into account changes in its cross-section. For some time, the electronic unit manages to maintain the air gap at a constant level, but still, sooner or later, the throttle will have to be cleaned of accumulated dirt. After flushing the specified unit, you will see how the engine speed has increased, and all thanks to the fact that the cross-section of the throttle valve will be freed from the unnecessary layer and will become larger.

The procedure for returning the throttle valve to its initial (set by the manufacturer) position is usually called “adaptation” or “learning”. True, the need for such an operation, which involves bringing high idle speeds to a standard value, is not limited to just after the flushing period of the specified unit, but is also required in a number of other cases. For example, after the car’s battery is completely discharged; after removing or replacing the accelerator pedal; after replacing or reconnecting the vehicle's ECU.

Most characteristic features The following phenomena indicate that urgent adjustment of the throttle is required: a whistle is heard when changing the throttle; At idle, the engine behaves inappropriately, or the power drops for no reason. Before you start “learning” the throttle valve, you should fulfill several mandatory requirements:

- warm up the engine well by driving the car for 10 minutes;

Ensure that the battery voltage in idle mode is at least 12.9 V;

Warm up the gearbox;

Set the car's wheels and steering wheel to the middle position;

Ensure the motor temperature is at 70-95 °C;

Turn off all devices that put a load on the vehicle’s electrical network (headlights, heated windows, air conditioning, etc.);

If the car uses an automatic transmission, then its selector is placed in the “N” or “P” position.

It is advisable to carry out “learning” of the throttle valve and accelerator pedal before the corresponding “learning” of idle speed. If the cable of the sensor that sends the signal about the position of the accelerator pedal is disconnected, there are several necessary steps to take:

1. To begin, release the pedal completely;

2. Turn the ignition key to the “ON” position and wait a couple of seconds;

3. Turn off the ignition and wait 10 seconds;

4. Repeat the action several more times.

There is nothing complicated in the described procedure, but despite this, it can teach the throttle to open correctly. But in order to “teach” the valve to the “Closed” position, you need to perform the following operations:

1. Release the accelerator pedal completely;

2. Turn the key to the "ON" position;

3. Switch the ignition to "OFF" mode and wait 10 seconds;

4. Make sure that the valve lever moves during these 10 seconds (a characteristic sound will indicate such a movement).

At this stage of “adaptation”, we can move on to directly adjusting the idle speed, for which we need a stopwatch and a little patience. The procedure takes place in several stages:

o First, the car engine is started and warmed up to normal operating temperature;

o When the ignition is turned on, no further actions should be performed for 10 seconds;

o Turning on the ignition (the accelerator pedal is released), wait three seconds;

o Then, five times in a row, fully press and fully release the accelerator pedal;

o After 7 seconds, the pedal is fully pressed again and held in this position for 20 seconds;

o You need to release the pedal only when the indicator on the dashboard stops blinking, indicating the presence of a malfunction (in normal operating condition it should glow steadily);

o Immediately after this, without touching the accelerator pedal, start the engine, allowing it to idle for about 20 seconds;

o At the final stage of “training”, having completed all the above steps, you should accelerate the engine (2-3 times will be enough) and make sure that the idle speed meets the ignition timing standards. Well, that’s all, at this point the process of adapting the throttle valve can be considered completely completed.

4. Setting the throttle sensor

Why is this setting needed at all? Of course, if you are completely satisfied with the operation of the engine, then there is really no need to go to the throttle. But if they have already tried to adjust the damper, for example, in order to lower the engine speed, then performing the specified procedure will be simply necessary, because it is precisely because of this that an increased temperature may be observed, since the sensor “does not see” the closed position of the throttle valve and pours gasoline in vain.

To perform the adjustment you will need a multimeter and a probe. As for the last tool, different engines require different tool sizes. For example, for a 4a-Fe and 7a-Fe motor a probe of 0.7 is suitable, and for a 4e-Fe and 5e-Fe power unit a tool with a parameter of 0.6 is suitable. The setup procedure itself involves performing the following steps:

1. Wires with a small “female” are connected to the contacts of the multimeter, thanks to which it will be possible to fix them more tightly to the throttle sensor connector;

2. When checking, the multimeter is set to sound mode or Ohmmeter mode;

3. The multimeter wires are connected to the IDL and E2 terminals, and, in most cases, it makes absolutely no difference which wire is connected to which terminal;

4. Now you need to take a suitable feeler gauge (the size depends on the type of engine) and insert it between the adjusting screw and the throttle lever.

5. After connecting, start the engine, and then, loosening the two sensor bolts, remove the dipstick to the end. The last action should be performed slowly and very carefully, moving the probe counterclockwise until the multimeter begins to beep (when checking in Ohmmeter mode, instead of a sound signal, a change in its readings should be observed). The appearance of a sound signal or a change in the Ohmmeter readings indicate that you have reached the desired value and the throttle sensor can be fixed in this position.

Carburetors of the Solex 2108, 21081, 21083 family have five adjusting screws. Let's consider their purpose, location on the carburetor and features of the adjustment. This information is necessary when repairing, adjusting and tuning the carburetor.

By rotating these screws you can adjust the engine idle speed in accordance with the norm (650-700 rpm for VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099).

Fuel mixture quantity screw

Screwed into the casting with a threaded hole in the middle part of the carburetor body. Its tip touches the edge of the throttle control lever of the first chamber. Designed to increase the volume of the fuel mixture entering the engine cylinders at idle. When turning, it moves the control lever with its tip, slightly opening the throttle valve of the first chamber - the XX speed increases. When turning it out, the idle speed drops. The tip of the “quantity” screw also acts as a negative contact in the EPH system. It signals the start of opening the throttle valve to the EPHH control unit. This signal stops the fuel supply to the XX system. Cm. .

Fuel mixture quality screw

The “quality” screw is located in the lower part of the carburetor body and, with its cone, blocks the outlet of the fuel mixture from the idle system.

It is designed to control the exact dosage of the fuel mixture entering the engine cylinders through the idle system by changing the cross-section of this hole. Simply put, the “quality” screw introduces additional gasoline into the fuel mixture at idle, thereby enriching it.

Adjustment features: the initial position of the “quantity” and “quality” screws is 1 – 1.5 turns from the fully tightened state.

More information about the design and operation of the idle system:.

Screws for adjusting the position of the throttle valves of both chambers of the carburetor and the air damper

Necessary for installing the throttle valves of both chambers of the carburetor in the desired position for starting and normal operation of the engine.

Screw for adjusting the throttle position of the first chamber of the carburetor (when starting the engine)

Located on the throttle control lever of the first chamber of the carburetor. Secured with a spring clip. Serves to set the value between the edge of the throttle valve and the wall of the first chamber of the carburetor when cocking the starting device (pulling the “choke”). In this case, the choke control lever acts on the screw and through it the throttle control lever.

Throttle position adjustment screw for the second carburetor chamber

Located on the ebb of the lower part of the carburetor body. Secured with a spring clip. A protective cap is placed on top of it. The throttle control lever of the second chamber of the carburetor rests on the screw head.

The screw is designed to adjust the gap between the walls of the carburetor mixing chamber and the edges of the throttle valve (0.1±0.05 mm) in order to prevent fuel accumulation when the accelerator pump is operating. The required position of the screw is set at the factory and does not change.

Screw for adjusting the position of the air damper (adjusting the starting device)

The trigger adjustment screw is located at the end of the Solex carburetor trigger housing. It is secured with a locknut.

The screw is designed to limit the stroke of the starter diaphragm when starting the engine. This achieves the optimal opening angle of the air damper (starting gap) necessary for the flow of additional air into the fuel mixture during the starting mode.

Carburetor adjustment screws Solex 2108, 21081, 21083