A dissonant surname. Bridges to victory To the music of Wagner

In the Red Army since 1918. Participant Civil War 1918-20

He graduated from advanced training courses for command personnel (1929). Member of the CPSU since 1931. Participant in the Soviet-Finnish war as a commander engineering troops 7th Army: colonel, chief of engineering troops of the North-Western Front.

In 1940-1941 - Head of the Main Directorate of Military Engineering Troops of the Red Army, since June 4, 1940, Major General. Before the start of the Second World War, he was appointed head of the engineering troops of the Moscow Military District.

On June 22, 1941, he was appointed chief of the engineering troops of the Southern Front. From August 19, 1941 - assistant commander for defensive construction of the Odessa defensive region. After leaving Odessa - head of the engineering troops of the Sevastopol defensive region (1941-1942). Head of the engineering troops of the Crimean (April - May 1942), Leningrad and Volkhov (1942-44), Karelian (1944-45), 1st Far Eastern (1945) fronts.

After the war - Chief of the Engineering Troops of the Primorsky Military District, then the Far East Troops (Dec. 1945-May 1949), Inspector General of the Engineering Troops of the Main Inspectorate of the USSR Ministry of Defense (1949-60).

Retired since September 1960. Died on December 29, 1987 in Moscow. He was buried at the Kuntsevo cemetery.

Awards

• 3 Orders of Lenin,
• 3 Orders of the Red Banner,
• 2 Orders of Kutuzov 1st degree, Orders of Kutuzov 2nd degree,
• Order of Suvorov 2nd degree
• order October revolution
• order Patriotic War 1st degree
• foreign orders and medals.

Arkady Fedorovich Khrenov(February 5, 1900, Ocher - December 29, 1987, Moscow) - Soviet military leader, Colonel General of the Engineering Troops (1944), Hero Soviet Union (21.3.1940).

Biography

In the Red Army since 1918. Participant in the Civil War of 1918-1920.

He graduated from advanced training courses for command personnel (1929). Member of the CPSU since 1931. Teacher at the Leningrad Military Engineering School. Assistant to the Chief of Engineering Troops of the Leningrad Military District. Participant in the Soviet-Finnish War as chief of the engineering troops of the 7th Army: colonel, chief of the engineering troops of the North-Western Front.

In 1940-1941 - Head of the Main Directorate of Military Engineering Troops of the Red Army, since June 4, 1940, Major General. Before the start of the Second World War, he was appointed head of the engineering troops of the Moscow Military District.

On June 22, 1941, he was appointed chief of the engineering troops of the Southern Front. From August 19, 1941 - assistant commander for defensive construction of the Odessa defensive region. After leaving Odessa - head of the engineering troops of the Sevastopol defensive region (1941-1942).

Head of the engineering troops of the Crimean (April - May 1942), Leningrad and Volkhov (1942-1944), Karelian (1944-1945), 1st Far Eastern (1945) fronts.

After the war - chief of the engineering troops of the Primorsky Military District, then the Far East Forces (December 1945-May 1949), inspector general of the engineering troops of the Main Inspectorate of the USSR Ministry of Defense (1949-1960).

Retired since September 1960.

Awards

• Medal "Gold Star";
• three Orders of Lenin;
• Order of the October Revolution;
• three Orders of the Red Banner;
• two Orders of Kutuzov, 1st degree;
• Order of Suvorov, 2nd degree;
• Order of Kutuzov, 2nd degree;
• Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree;
• foreign orders;
• medals.

Literature

• Khrenov A. F. Bridges to victory. - M: Voenizdat, 1982. - 349 p.

Mannerheim Line... The name of this system of long-term fortifications on the Karelian Isthmus is probably included in all encyclopedias, textbooks and manuals of many armies of the world.

The reactionary Finnish government, with the participation of German, British, French and Belgian military specialists, built this line from 1927 to 1939. Here, in a wooded and swampy area, near Leningrad, a powerful springboard was created for an attack on the Soviet Union.

The Mannerheim line consisted of more than two thousand wood-earth and long-term fire structures. In front of the fortifications there is a chain of barriers: up to 12 rows of stone obstacles, from 15 to 45 rows of networks of wire fences. In addition, there are numerous anti-tank ditches and a system of minefields.

Each settlement was turned into a fortification center with radio communications, with supplies of ammunition, fuel, food, that is, with everything that the garrison needed for combat operations. The highway system made it possible to quickly transfer troops from one area to another.

From this powerful bridgehead, the White Finns, encouraged by their Western allies with promises of help, attacked our country in the fall of 1939. Fighting unfolded on a huge front from the Barents Sea to the Gulf of Finland.

Arkady Fedorovich at that time headed the engineering troops of the Leningrad Military District. He took part in engineering support for the breakthrough of the Mannerheim Line.

As a result of thorough reconnaissance, the system of fire and defense of the White Finns along the entire front from Ladoga to the Gulf of Finland was clarified. Based on these data, a plan was drawn up to break through the fortifications.

The engineering units had a huge job to do: it was necessary to make passages in minefields and barbed wire barriers, to ensure the passage of tanks through gaps and anti-tank ditches. It was necessary to take care of maintaining front-line roads in order, and the winter of 1940 turned out to be incredibly snowy and severe. It was necessary to do a lot, a lot of other things in order to create favorable conditions for the advance of tanks, infantry, and artillery, and during the breakthrough of the defense line, help them destroy resistance nodes.

Having launched an attack on the Mannerheim Line on February 11, 1940, by the end of February 13, our units had already broken through the main strip of this line, and on February 28 - the second strip, and a day later - the third, rear, and reached Vyborg. On March 11, the assault on Vyborg began. After two days of fierce fighting, it was taken by our troops.

Khrenov showed his organizational skills and talent as a military leader in these battles. He was constantly in the units, directing their actions. And the Golden Star of the Hero was the crown of his military work, done in the harsh winter of 1939-40.

During the Great Patriotic War, Arkady Fedorovich participated in the defense of Odessa, Crimea, and Sevastopol. Then - on the Volkhov Front and again on the Karelian Isthmus. The second time he had to organize engineering support for breaking through the Mannerheim Line, which the enemy managed to restore.

After the defeat of Nazi Germany, Arkady Fedorovich served in Far East. As part of the troops of the 1st Far Eastern Front, he participated in the defeat of the Kwantung Army of Japan.

Khrenov Arkady Fedorovich // Book of Memory. 1941-1945. Ochersky district. T. 1. - pp. 112-115.

Born on February 5, 1900 in the city of Ocher, now Perm Region. in a working-class family. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1931. Graduated from the College of Agricultural Engineering. In the Soviet Army since 1918. Participant in the Civil War. In 1929 he completed advanced training courses for command personnel.

During the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939-40, the head of the engineering troops of the 7th Army (Leningrad Front), Colonel Khrenov, skillfully led the army’s engineering units in organizing and carrying out a breakthrough of the Mannerheim Line. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on 21.3.40.

In 1940-41, head of the Main Military Engineering Directorate of the Red Army. During the Great Patriotic War he was the chief of engineering troops on a number of fronts. Participant in the Soviet-Japanese War of 1945. In 1949 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the General Staff Academy. Served in the central apparatus of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

Since 1960, Colonel General Khrenov has been retired. Lives in Moscow. Awarded 3 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution, 3 Orders of the Red Banner, 2 Orders of Kutuzov 1st degree, Orders of Suvorov 2nd degree, Orders of Kutuzov 2nd degree, Patriotic War 1st degree, medals, foreign orders and medals. Honorary Citizen Ocher and Kirishi, Leningrad region. and other cities. Honorary worker of the Ochersky plant.

From the book: Heroes of the Soviet Union, Brief Biographical Dictionary, M., Military Publishing House, 1988

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xMYGSH pDEUUSCH CHSHZMSDEMY UHTPChP. rPCHUADH FENOEMY TBCHBMYOSCH DPNPCH - UMEDSH CHP'DKHYOSCHI OBMEFPCH. OBD OELPFPTSHNY TBCHBMMYOBNY EEE LHTYMUS DSHN: VPNVSH HRBMY FPMSHLP CHYUETB CHYUETPN. UTEDY THYO CHYDOEMYUSH ZHYZHTSCH VPKGCH nrchp.

rTYVBCHYMPUSH ABOUT KHMYGBI VBTTYLBD U KHLYNY "CHPTPFBNY" DMS RTPPEDB FTBOURPTFB. uFTPYMYUSH OPCHSHCHE VBTTYLBDSHCH. oEUNPFTS ABOUT TBOOYK YUBU, PDEUUYFSHCH KhCE CHSMYUSH JB TBVPFKH.

CHCHEIBCH YUETE RETEUSCHRSH ЪB ZPTPD, NSCH UCHETOHMY CH UFPTPOKH UEMB lBRYFPOPCHLB. fBN DPMTSEO VSHM RTPIPDIFSH PDYO YHYUBUFLPCH YUEFCHETFPZP PVPPTPOYFEMSHOPZP THVETSB. chULPTE RPLBBMYUSH OBRPMPCHYOH PFTSCHFSHCHE FTBOYEY, CH LPFPTSCHI PTKHDPCHBMY MPRBFBNY TBDEFSHE RP RPSU VPKGSCH. About OBCHUFTEYUKH OBN CHCHYEM NPMPDK, TEYYFEMSHOPZP CHYDB LPNBODYT. with CHSHCHMEЪ Ъ ZБЪЛБ.

LBRYFBO iTYUFYU, - RTEDUFBCHYMUS PO. - about BYUBMSHOIL YFBVB CHPUENSHDEUSF FTEFSHESP khtB.

83-K, YMY CHETIOERTHFULYK, KHLTERTBKPO UKHEEUFCHPCHBM FERTSH MYYSH OPNYOBMSHOP - NBMP YuFP PUFBMPUSH PF OEZP RPUME UPJDBOYS 83-ZP khchru. OP MADI khtB VSHMY ЪBOSFSHCH BTSOSCHN DEMPN.

CHPF Y RTELTBUOP, - PFPJCHBMUS S. - dPMPTSYFE-LB OBN, LBRYFBO, RPTSDPL UFTPYFEMSHUFCHB THVETSB Y LBLPK OBNEYUBEFUS UYUFENB PZOS.

l NPENH KHYCHMEOYA, LBRYFBO NPMYUBM. ABOUT MYGE EZP WITH RTPYU SCHOPE ЪBNEYBFEMSHUFCHP. OP, VSHUFTP CHSCH UEVS CH THLY, BY FCHETDP ULBUBM:

YYCHYOYFE, FPCHBTYE ZEOETBM, OP S CHSCHOKHTSDEO RPRTPUYFSH DPLKHNEOF, RPDFCHETTSDBAEYK CHBY RPMOPNPYUS.

oBUFBM NPK UETED UNHFYFSHUS. fPMSHLP FERTSH S UPPVTBIYM, YuFP ChFPTPRSI OE RPBBVPFYMUS PV PZHTNMEOY LBLYI-MYVP DPLHNEOPCH. OE PUEOSH KHCHETEOOP RPMEЪ CH VKHNBCOIL. edYOUFCHEOOPE, YuFP PVOBTHTSYM, VSHM CHSHCHRYUBOOSHCHK ABOUT NPE YNS TBBPCHSHCHK RTPRHUL L LPNBODHAYENH PLTHZPN. rTPFSOKHM LBRYFBOKH BFKH ZHIMSHLYOH ZTBNPFKH. FPF RTPYUEM NPA ZHBNYMA CHUMKHI. POB, PYUECHYDOP, VSHMB OBLPNB ENKH.

YYCHYOYFE, FPCHBTYE ZEOETBM, OE KHOBM CHBU. RTPYKH UMEDPCHBFSH ЪB NOPC, RPLBTSKH CHUE ABOUT NEUFOPUFY...

th RMBOYTPCHLPK ЪBZTBTSDEOOK, th IPDPN TBVPF S PUFBMUS DPCHPMEO.

CHUE DEMBMPUSH ZTBNPFOP, U RPOINBOYEN FBLFYUEULYI ЪBDBU PVPTPPOSH. YuHCHUFCHPCHBMPUSH THLPCHPDUFCHP LBDTPCHPZP LPNBODITB.

tBURTPEBCHYYUSH U LBRYFBOPN iTYUFYUEN, WITH ЪBFPTPRYMUS OBBD. RETCHSHCHE CHREYUBFMEOYS PV HTPCHOE, ABOUT LPFPTPN CHEDEFUS UFTPIFEMSHUFCHP THVETSEK, VSHMY RPMKHYUEOSCH. FERETSH RTEDUFPSMP CHSFSHUS ЪB DTHZIE DEMB.

h ZPTPD NSCH CHYAYEIBMY RPD ChPK UYTEO, CHUMED ЪB LPFPTSHCHN TBBDBMPUSH FSCHLBOSH ЪEOYFPL Y ЪBZTENEMY TBЪTSCHCHSCH VPNV. OBMEFSCH ABOUT PDEUUH OENEGLYE VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLY UPCHETYBMY FERETSH RP OEULPMSHLH TB CH UHFLY...

bFPF DEOSH, 8 BCHZKHUFB, VSHM OBUSCHEEOO UPVSHFYSNY. lPNBODBTN, PFNEOYCH UCPE TEYEOYE - OBRTBCHYFSH PUOPCHOSHE UYMSCH rTYNPTULPK ABOUT RTYLTSHCHFYE OILPMBECHULPZP OBRTBCHMEOYS, - YЪDBM RTYLB, CH LPFPTPN VSHMY PVPOBYEOSH THVETS Y CHPLTHZ pDEUUSH VHI 95-K Y 25-K DYCHYYK.

u UECHETP-ChPUFPLB ZPTPD RTYLTSHCHBMB LBCHDYCHYYS. Private enterprise ChFPTPC RPMPCHYOE DOS VMYJ RPUEMLB lHVBOLB, PLPMP lKHSMSHOYGLPZP MYNBOB, POB PUFBOPCHYMB RTDPDCHYZBCHYHAUS U, UECHTB THNSCHOULHA LPMPOOH Y PFVTPUYMB OERTYSFEMS OBBD . rTPY'PYMP LFP CH LBLPN-OYVKhDSH DEUSFLE LYMPNEFTPC PF FPZP NEUFB, ZDE NSCH CHUETB TBZPCHBTYCHBMY U REFTPPCHSHCHN. CHSCHIPDYF, OE YJ RHUFPK RTEDPUFPTPTTSOPUFY CHSHCHDEMSM NOE YCHBO EZHYNPCHYU LPOCHPK - PRBUOPUFSH VSHMB VMYLB. pFRTBCHSHUS S CH pDEUUH UHFLBNY RPJTSE, EDCHB MY DPVTBMUS VSC DP OEE.

zPTPD UTBH VSHM PVYASCHMEO ABOUT PUBDOPN RPMPTSEOYY. tBVPFSH ABOUT RETEDPCHPN THVETS RTELTBFYMYUSH: FBN HCE ЪБЧСЪБMYУШ ВПИ. mYYuOSCHK UPUFBCH 2-ZP khchru KHUREMY RPUBDYFSH ABOUT NBYOSCHY PFRTBCHYFSH ABOUT CHPUFPL... FERETSH OE PFLMBDSCHBS OBDP VSHMP TBTBVPFBFSH RMBO YOTSEOETOPZP PVEUREYUEOYS PVPTPPOSH ZPTPDB H UPPFCHEFUFCHYY YYNEOYCHYEKUS PWUFBOPCHLPK. "pDEUUB DPMTSOB UFBFSH LTERPUFSH, - OEPFUFHROP DKHNBM S. - oP U YUESP NOE OBUYOBFSH?"

l TBVPFE OBD RMBOPN S RTYCHMEL OBUYOTSB BTNYY z. R. LEDTYOULPZP. b UBN DMS OBYUBMB RPVSCCHBM CH YOTSEOOETOPN PFDEME CHPEOOP-NPTULPK VBSHCH: RPNPESH EZP OBYUBMSHOILB CHPEOYOTSEOOETB 2 TBZB b. f. rBCMPCHB RTEDUFBCMSMBUSHNOE OEPVIPDYNPK. according to RTELTBUOP OBBM ZPTPD, RPD EZP THLPCHPDUFCHPN CH PDEUUE HCE VSHMP PUHEEUFCHMEOP OENBMP YOTSEOETOP-PVPPTPOYFEMSHOSHI NETPRTYSFYK. UEKYUBU, LBL OYLPZDB, OHTsOP, DKHNBMPUSH NOE, YuFPVSH UYMSCH BTNEKGECH Y NPTSLPC VSHMY UMYFSHCH, B RPFPNH TBVPFBFSH OBD RMBOPN OBDP CHNEUFE. lFP Y CHSHCHULBBM rBCHMPCHH.

BY RPOSM NEOS U RPMKHUMPCHB Y PIPFOP UPZMBUYMUS UPFTHDOYUBFSH OBRTSNKHA. nsch LPOYUBMY DPZPCHBTYCHBFSHUS P DEFBMSI, LPZDB CH LBVYOEF CHYYEM RPUFEOOOPZP CHYDB RPTSYMPK RPMLPCHOIL. oPCHEOSHLPE ZHMPFULPE PVNHODYTPCHBOYE UYDEMP ABOUT OEN NEYLPCHBFP, UFP VEUURPTOP UCHYDEFEMSHUFCHPCHBMP P OEDBCHOEN RTYYSCHE YЪ ЪBRBUB. pDOBLP NBOETB DETSBFSHUS CHSHCHDBCHBMB UFBTTPZP UMHTSBLKH. YuFP-FP PYUEOSH OBLPNPPE VSHMP CH MYGE RPMLPCHOILB. OP RTETSDE YUEN KHOBM EZP, WITH KHUMSHCHYBM:

FPCHBTYE ZEOETBM, TBTEYYFE RTEDUFBCHYFSHUS: RPMLPCHOIL gYZHTPCH!

BOBFPMYK UETZEECHYU! - CHCHBMPUSH X NEOS. - lBLYNY UHDSHVBNY?

UBNSHNY PVSHYUOSCHNY, TSIM ЪDEUSH CH RBTFYLHMSTOPN LBUEUFCH...

DB, BSHM FPF UBNSHCHK GIZHTPCH, Uchiyk Ubrtoschk LBRIFBO GBTULPK BTNYYA, VOCHYKYKUKUKUKA DICHYYA chubvthtygykhub, Obstbtsdeoschk PTDEOBUPZP KOLOBUE! FPF EEZPMSH Y KHNOYGB, OBOYSN Y CHSHKHYULE LPFPTPZP FBL ЪBCHYDPCHBM S, NPMPDK RPMKHTPFOSHCHK, ABOUT LPZP UFBTBMUS VSCHFSH RPIPTSYN, LFP RPDBCHBM OBN RTYNET CH HYUEVE, CH VEЪ BCHEFOPK RTEDBOOPUFY CHPEOOOPK UMHTSVE! NSH OE CHYDEMYUSH MEF DCHBDGBFSH YMY PLPMP FPZP. pVB YULTEOOE PVTBDPCBMMYUSH CHUFTEYUE.

OBDMZP L OBN, bTLBDYK ZHEDPTPCHYU?.. uYUBUFMYCH, UFP RTYCHEDEFUS UMHTSYFSH CHNEUFE. ъБ ьФИ ЗПДШ ОК ТБ UMSHCHYBM P CHBU...

with FPTsE VShchM TBD Y UBNPK CHUFTEYUE, Y ChPNPTSOPUFY RTYCHMEYUSH L DEMKH PRSCHFOEKYEZP CHPEOOOPZP YOTSEOOETB...

chPURPMSHЪPCHBCHYYUSH RTEVSCCHBOYEN CH YFBVE VBSHCH, ЪББЭМ RTEDUFBCHYFSHUS ITS LPNBODITH LPOFT-BDNYTBMH TsKHLPCHH Y KHCHYDEM LPTEOBUFPZP NPTSLB U RTPUFSHCHN Y RTYSFOSCHN MYG PN, FTPOHFSHCHN PURPC.

eEE PE CHTENS RETCHPZP RTYEDDB CH PDEUUKH S UMSHCHYBM NOPZP MEUFOPZP P zBCHTYYME CHBUYMSHECHYUE TsHLPCHE. UMBCHOSCHK RKhFSH RTPYYEM BDNYTBM. nBFTPUPN CHPECHBM CH ZTBTSDBULHA. pLPOYUM HYUMYEE LPNUPUFBCHB ZHMPFB. lPNBODPCHBM LPTBVMSNY UPEDYOEOSNY. h LPOGE 1936 ZPDB PFRTBCHYMUS DPVTPCHPMSHGEN CH YURBOYA. ъB KHNEMSCHE PFCHBTSOSH DEKUFCHYS VSHM OBZTBTSDEO PTDEOBNY MEOYOBY LTBUOPZP OBNEOY. at NBTFB 1940 ZPDB CHUFKHRIM CH LPNBODPCHBOIE pDEUULPK VBЪPK. NOPZPE UDEMBM ZBCHTYYM CHBUYMSHECHYU RETED CHPKOK DMS UPCHETYOUFCHPCHBOYS UHIPRKHFOPK Y RTPFYCHPDEUBOFOPK PVPTPPOSH VETEZPCSHI VBFBTEC, YI NBULYTPCHLY Y CHPDPUOBVTSEOYS. rP EZP KHLBBOYA CHPEOYOTSEOETSH b. f. rBCHMPCH Y t.v. lBNEOEGLYK CHSHRPMOYMY UETSHEOKHA TBVPFKH RP RTYCHEDEOYA CH RPMOHA VPECHA ZPFPCHOPUFSH UFBGYPOBTOSHI VBFBTEC YI CHEUSHNB UMPTsOPZP CHURPNPZBFEMSHOPZP IP'SKUFCHB. lPNBODYT pDEUULPK VBSHCH, LPOYUOP, Y OE RTEDRPMBZBM FBLYI PVUFPSFEMSHUFCH, LPFPTSHCHE BUFBCHSF RPCHETOHFSH UFCHPMSH NPEOSCHI VETEZPCHSHI PTHDYK CH UFPTPOH EARLY.

rTPEBSUSH, S U KHDPCHPMSHUFCHYEN RPTsBM THLH zBCHTYYMB chBUYMSHECHYUB Y LBL-FP UTBH RPYUKHCHUFCHPCHBM, YuFP UTBVPFBFSHUS OBN VKhDEF MEZLP.

ъБЗМСОХМ ІЧ ЗПТЛПН РБТФЯY, Л о. R. ZHTECHYUH. FPF ULBUBM, YuFP PFOSHCHOE CHUS DESFEMSHOPUFSH RBTFYKOSCHI, UPCHEFULYI Y IP'SKUFCHEOOSCHI PTZBOYBGYK RPMOPUFSHA RPDYUYOEOB DEMH ЪBEIFSH TPDOZP ZPTPDB. yuBUFY nrchp RETECHEDEOSH ABOUT LBBBTNEOOPE RPMPTSEOYE. Ch DPNBI UPDSHSHSHSHHAMSHGPCH CHCHPDSCH UBNPBAIFSH, LPFPSHEKSHEMA Obvmadbaf KPDHIPN, FHIBF Kommersant, Pitbosaph Ynnheufchp, UNECH. zPTUPCHEF RTYOSM RPUFBOPCHMEOYE, UPZMBUOP LPFPTPNH LBTSDSCHK FTHDPURPUPVOSHCHK ZTBTSDBOYO DPMTSEO PFVShchFSH FTHDPCHHA RPCHYOOPUFSH CH FEYOOYE FTYDGBFY DOEC.

OP LFB NETB PLBBBMBUSH YJMYYOEK, - KHMSHCHVOKHMUS zHTECHYU. - OBOY PDEUUYFSH PIPFOP HYUBUFCHHAF CH PVPPTPOYFEMSHOSHI TBVPFBI. DEUSFSH - DCHEOBDGBFSH FSCHUSYUYEMPCHEL FTKHDSFUS LBTSDSCHK DEOSH...

rP RKhFY CH YFBV NEOS PRSFSH ЪBUFYZMB VPNVETSLB. lBL FPMSHLP RTPЪCHHYUBM PFVPK ChPЪDKHYOPK FTECHPZY, S ЪБЗМСОХМ ABOUT TBURPMPTSEOOKHA OERPDBMELKH PF OBENOPZP lr BTNYY KHMYGH RETELPRULPK rPVEDSH. fBN, RPD PDOPFBTSOSHN PUPVOSLPN, LPFPTSCHK OBIPDIYMUS ABOUT FETTYFPTYY VSHCHYEZP CHYOBCHPDB, YMP UFTPIFEMSHUFCHP RPDENOPZP LR, OBYUBFPE EEE yuYVYUPCHSHCHN. TBVPFSH ЪDEUSH CHEMYUSH LTKHZMPUKHFPYuOP, y ChShchRPMOSM yi UFTPYFEMSHOSHCHK VBFBMSHPO, RETECHEDEOOSCHK CH pDEUUKH yj fYTBURPMS, VEFPOOSHCHK RPSU ChPLTHZ ЪDBOYS VShchM HCE RPMOPUFSH A UPPTHTSEO. ъBCHETYBMPUSH KHLTERMEOYE CHOKHFTEOOYI UFEO NEFBMMYYUEULNY VBMLBNY, SUEKLY NETSDH LPFPTSCHNY ЪBRPMOSMYUSH VEFPOPN. nPOFYTPCHBMUS DYJEMSH-ZEOETBFPT DMS BCHFPOPNOPZP BMELFTPRYFBOYS, OBMBTSYCHBMBUSH CHPDPRTPCHPDOBS UEFSH PF BTFEYBOULPK ULCHBTSYOSCH. zPFPCHYMBUSH ZHYMSHFTPCHEOFYMSGYPOOBS KHUFBOPCHLB ABOUT UMHYUBK RTYNEOOYS RTPFYCHOILPN PFTBCHMSAEYI CHEEEUFCH, ЪBCHPYMYUSH VBMMPOSCH U LYUMPTPDPN. vShchMB HCE RTPMPCEOB Y RPDENOBS RBFETOB, UPEDYOSCHYBS RPDENOSCHK LR U OBENOSCHN, ABOUT KHMYGE DYDTYIUPOB.

tBVPFSH YMY KHDCHMEFCHPTYFEMSHOP. dP YI RPMOPZP ЪBCHETYEOYS PUFBCHBMPUSH OEULPMSHLP UHFPL.

l CHEYUETKH S KHEDOYOMUS CH PFCHEDEOOPN NOE LBVYOEFE. oBDP VSCHMP RTPDKHNBFSH CHREYUBFMEOYS LFPZP DMYOOOPZP DOS, OBUSHEEOOOPZP UPVSHCHFYSNYI CHUFTEYUBNYU MADSHNY, RTYLYOKHFSH PVEYE LPOFKHTSCH RMBOB DBMSHOEKYEZP PVPPTPOYFEMSHOPZP UFT PYFEMSHUFCHB.

yFBL, LBLYNY UYMBNY NSCH TBURPMBZBMY? rP DBOOSCHN, RPDZPFPCHMEOOOSCHN DMS NEOS LEDTYOULINE, POY VSHCHMY VPMEE YUEN ULTPNOSHCHNY. fTY KHRTBCHMEOYS CHPEOOP-RPMECHPZP UFTPYFEMSHUFCHB. rSFSH BTNEKULYI YOTSEETOSCHI VBFBMSHOPCH. dChBDGBFSH ZhPTFYZHYLBGYPOOP-UFTTPYFEMSHOSHCHI VBFBMSHPOCH, UZhPTNYTPCHBOOSHI YI NEUFOPZP OBUEMEOYS. deUSFSH - DCHEOBDGBFSH FSCHUSYU TSYFEMEK ZPTPDB - CH PUOPCHOPN UFBTYLPCH, RPDTPUFLPC Y TSEEOEYO, - RTOYNBAEYI KHUBUFYE CH PVPTPOOSCHI TBVPFBI. pLPMP UFB BCHFPNBYO, YuEFSHTEUFB RPDCHPD, FTBNCHBY Y TSEMEЪOPPTPTSOSHCHE RMBFZhPTNSCH.

b YuFP RTEDUFPSMP UDEMBFS? chP-RETCHSHI, PRTEDEMYFSH, ZDE VKhDEF RTPIPDIFSH RETEDPCHPK THVETS PVPTPPOSH, YVP FPF, YuFP RP RETCHPOBUBMSHOPNH RMBOKH UYFBMUS RETEDPCHSHCHN, VSHM HCE PUFBCHMEO UFTPIFEMSNY. hFPTPC THVETS FPTSE RTYDEFUS PUFBCHYFSH. dPCHEUFY EZP DP VPECHPZP UPUFPSOYS OE HDBUFUS - UMYYLPN CHEMIL ZHTPOF TBVPF, UMYYLPN NBMP UYM. rP CHUENKH CHSCHIPDYMP, YuFP YNEOOOP FTEFYK THVETS, ZDE UEKYUBU CHCHUA TBCHPTBUYCHBMYUSH TBVPFSCH, UMEDPCHBMP FERTSH UYYFBFSH RETEDPCHSHCHN. th LFP ABOUT TBUUFPSOY CHUEZP CH 20 - 25 LYMPNEFTTPCH PF ZPTPDB! YuEFCHETFSHCHK THVETS, RTPIPDSEYK CH 12 - 14 LYMPNEFTBI PF PLTBYO pDEUUSH, UFBOEF ZMBCHOSCHN. EZP RTPFSTSEOPUFSH RP ZhTPOFKH - PLPMP CHPUSHNYDEUSFY LYMPNEFTPC. rTYDEFUS UFTPYFSH EEE PDYO - FSHMPCHPK...

CHUE LFP, EUFEUFCHEOOP, RTEDUFPYF UPZMBUPCHBFSH U UPZhTPOPCHCHN YYYYYYEOYOSCHN, HFPYUOYFSH YI CHZMSD ABOUT PRETBFYCHOHA PVUFBOPCHLH, CHCHSUOYFSH YI OBNETEOYS. CHEDSH TEYUSH RPKDEF PV YOTSEOOETOPN UPTBNETEOY PRETBGYY. ZTPY GEOB KHLTERMEOYSN Y ЪBZTBTSDEOOSN, LPFPTSCHE OE UPVYTBEFUS YURPMSHЪPCHBFSH PVEECHPKULPCHPK LPNBODYT YMY VHDEF CHSCHOKHTSDEO YURPMSHЪPCHBFSH, OP CHPRTELY UCHPYN RTE DUFBCHMEOYSN P FBLFYUEULPK CHSHZPDE...

FERETSH - KHLTERMEOYS CHOKHFTY ZPTPDB. xCE NOPZPE RPUFTPEOP. vBTTYLBDSCH WITH CHYDEM. rTYNEFYM, LBL YDEF DEMP RP RTECHTBEEOYA LTHROSHCHI LBNEOOSCHI DPNPCH CH PRPTOSCHE RHOLFSHCH. rTEDUFPYF YURPMSHЪPCHBFSH FTBOUZHPTNBFPTOSHCHE VHDLY, LBNEOOSCH ЪBVPTSCH Y DTHZIE LTERLYE UFTPEOYS. ABOUT LTHROSSHI RETELTEUFLBI Y RMPEBDSI OBDP UFBCHYFSH TSEMEЪPVEFPOOSH RKHMENEFOSCH FPYULY. OP LFPZP NBMP. CHUE UPPTHTSEOYS DPMTSOSCH RTEDUFBCHMSFSH EDYOKHA UYUFENKH. ъOBYUIF, NETSDH OYNY DPMTSOP UKHEEUFCHPCHBFSH OEBBNEFOPE Y VE'PRBUOPE UPPVEEOYE. vPMSHYE CHUEZP DMS LFPZP RPDPCDEF MYCHOECHBS Y LBOBMYBGYPOOBS UEFSH. th LBFBLPNVSH. yI, S UMSHCHYBM, RPD ZPTPDPN PFTSHFP OENBMP. oEPVIPDYNP FBLCE KHCHEMYUYFSH LPMYUEUFCHP KHVETSIE DMS OBUEMEOYS. FHF RTYZPDSFUS CHUE RPDIDDSEYE RPDCHBMSHCH, B FBLCE ZPTPDULYE LBNEOPMPNOY.

CHUE LFP FTEVHEF FEBFEMSHOPK RTPTBVPFLY RP RMBOBN ZPTPDB Y EZP RPDYENOSCHI LPNNHOILBGYK. rMBOSCH OBDP TBDPVschFSH CH ZPTLPNIPJE.

th EEE CHPRTPU RETCHPUFEROOOPK CHBTSOPUFY. rTPFYCHOIL HCE RPSCHYMUS PLPMP VEMSECHLY - UEMB, ZDE VETEF OBYUBMP ZPTPDULPK CHPDPRTPCHPD, RTOYNBAEYK DOEUFTPCCHULHA CHPDH. oBDESFSHUS ABOUT FP, YuFP VEMSECHLH HDBUFUS KHDETSBFSH, OE RTYIPDIMPUSH. OBDPMZP MY ICHBFYF FPZDB CHPDSH CH ZPTPDULYI CHPDPITHBOYMYEBI? MEFPN, CH CBTH, LFPF UTPL VKhDEF YUYUUMSFSHUS DOSNY.

h pDEUUE YNEEFUS OUEULPMSHLP BTFEYBOULYI ULCHBTSYO. OP YI ЪBRBUPC OE ICHBFYF DBTSE DMS FPZP, YUFPVSH OBRPYFSH DEUSFKHA YUBUFSH ZPTPTSBO.

hSHCHPD? VHTYFSH OPCHSHHE ULCHBTSYOSCH, VHTYFSH YOFEOUYCHOP. dMS LFPPZP, CHYDYNP, RPFTEVHEFUS UPЪDBFSH UREGYBMSHOPE RPDTBDEMEOYE. rTYDEFUS CHCHEUFY OPTNYTPCHBOYE RYFSHHECHPK CHPDSH, OMBBDYFSH RPDBYUH NPTULPK CHPDSH DMS FKHYEOYS RPTsBTTPCH Y DTHZYI IP'SKUFCHEOOSCHI OHTsD.

UMPCHPN, OBTECHBEF OKTsDB CH UP'DBOYY EEE PDOPZP HRTBCHMEOYS CHPEOOP-RPMECHPZP UFTPYFEMSHUFCHB, LPFPTPPE NPZMP VSHCHPZMBCHYFSH Y ULPPTDYOYTPCHBFSH CHUE TBVPFSH RP PE Ъchedeoya KHLTERMEOYK CH UBNPN ZPTPDE Y PVEUREYUYFSH TSY'OEDESFEMSHOPUFSH ZPTPDULPZP IP'SKUFCHB. ABOUT BFH TPMSH VPMEE CHUEZP RPDIPDYF YUBUFYUOP UPITBOYCHIEUS KHRTBCHMEOYE OBYUBMSHOILB TBVPF 82-ZP KHLTERTBKPOB. ъOBYUIF, X OBU VHDEF EEE PDOP khchru - 82-K.

th RPUMEDOEE. oEPVIPDYNP EEE TB HFPYUOIFSH, YuFP UNPTsEF DBFSH VHI PVPTPPOSH ZPTPDULBS RTPNSCHYMEOOPUFSH.

ChPF FBLYE CHPRPTUSCH CHUFBMY RETEDP NOK CHYUETPN 8 BCHZKHUFB.

ABOUT UMEDHAEE KHFTP OBYUBMUS "YFKHTN" CHUEI LFYI RTPVMEN. LEDTYOULYK, rBChMPCH, lBNEOEGLYK, gYZHTPCH RPMKHYUMY ЪBDBOYS RPDZPFPCHYFSH OPCHSHCHK RMBO UFTPIFEMSHUFCHB PVPPTPOYFEMSHOSHCHI RPSUPCH. with CE ЪBOSMUS U yYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYOYOSCHN RTPTBVPFLPK CHBTYBOFPCH VPECHSHI DEKUFCHYK ABOUT RPDUFKHRBI L ZPTPDH.

tBVPFBFSH P zBCHTYYMPN dBOYMPCHYUENNOE OTBCHYMPUSH. rTBCHDB, RPUMKHTSYFSH CHNEUFE OBN RTYYMPUSH OEDPMZP, OP S KHUREM PGEOIFSH MKHYUYE EZP Yuetfsch. h RTPYMPN RTERPDBCHBFEMSH BLBDENYY, BY PVMBDBM YYTPLYN PRETBFYCHOSCHN LTHZPЪPTPN, PUOPCHBFEMSHOPK FEPTEFYUEULPK RPDZPFPCHLPK, YULMAYUYFEMSHOPK BLLHTBFOPUFSHA CH CHEDEOYY DPLHNEOPCH Y LBTF. rP NPYN RTEDUFBCHMEOYSN, yYYYEOYO SCHMSM UPVPK PVTBEBEG CHSCHUPLPK YFBVOPK LHMSHFKhTSCH.

OELPFPTSH PTZBOYBGYPOOSCH RTYOGYRSCH PVPTPPOSH OBN DYLFHEF IBTBLFET NEUFOPUFY, - ZPCHPTYM PO. - uNPFTYFE, ULPMSHLP MYNBOPCH Y VBMPL. eUMY YUIPDYFSH YI LMBUUYUEULYI RTEDUFBCHMEOYK CHPEOOOPZP YULHUUFCHB, FP LFP UPDBEF RTPFYCHOILH RTEINHEEUFCHP, PVMEZYUBEF ENKH RTPTSCHCH L ZPTPDH. b OBN - ULPCHCHCHBEF NBOECHT. oBMYUYE, L RTYNETKH, lKHSMYAOIGLPZP Y IBDTSYVEKULPZP MYNBOPCH OBUYUFP MYYBEF CHPKULB FBLFYUEULPZP CHBINPDEKUFCHYS. - yYYEOYO RPNPMYUBM, RPIPDM CHDPMSH UFPMB. - b FERTSH RPUNPFTYN ABOUT PVUFBOPCHLH U RPIYGY ZPMPK NLRYTYLY. ETLBMP MYNBOPCH UPLTBEBEF ZHTPOF PVPTPPOSH. b UFBMP VShchFSH, Y ZhTPOF TBVPF RP UPPTHTSEOYA KHLTERMEOYK Y YUYUMEOOPUFSH CHPKUL CH PVPTPOE. rTY OBYI ULKhDOSHHI UIMBI LFP UKHEEUFCHEOOSCHK RMAU. PUFBEFUS TEYYFSH CHPRTPU U KHRTBCHMEOYEN. NPE NOEOYE FBLPE: OHTSOP TBDEMYFSH PVPPTPOKH ABOUT DPUFBFPYUOP UBNPUFPSFEMSHOSHE UELFPTB Y UPJDBFSH RPDCHYTSOPK TEETCH. dKHNBA, uPZhTPOPCH UZMBUYFUS UP NOK. b NSCH U CHBNY VHDEN HCE UEKYBU YUIPDYFSH YЪ LFPPZP RTY RMBOYTPCHBOY YOTSEOETOPEK RPDZPFPCHLY PVPTPPOSH...

YuBUB DCHB-FTY NSCH RPTBVPFBMY U LBTFBNY, RPUME YuEZP S HFPYUOIM ЪBDBOYE LEDTYOULPNH Y EZP ZTHRRE, ЪBOYNBCHYEKUS TBTBVPFLPK RMBOB. rPDZPFPCHYM FBLCE RTYLB P UZHPTNYTPCHBOY ZYDTPFEIOYUEULPK TPFSCH Y PFTSDB ZMHVPLPZP VHTEOYS. rPFPN RPEIBM Ch ZPTLPN.

h RTYENOPK H o. R. ZHTECHYUB LP NOE RPDPYEM NPMPPDK ZHMPFULYK LPNBODYT U FTENS UETEVTSOSCHNYA ORDINARY ABOUT THLBCHBI. according to ЪBNEFOP CHPMOPCHBMUS.

FPCHBTYE ZEOETBM, TBTEYYFE PVTBFYFSHUS? Yotseoet RP BTFRTYVPTBN YFBVB VBSHCH lPZBONOE PYUEOSH RPCHEMP, YuFP S CHUFTEFYM CHBU. rPTsBMKHKUFB, CHSHCHUMKHYBKFE NEOS.

DB CHCH HURPLPKFEUSH. TBUULBSCHCHBKFE, CH YUEN DEMP, - RTEDMPTSYM S.

EUFSH YDES OBYUBFSH CH ZPTPDE CHSHCHRHUL FBOLPCH, - VSHUFTP ЪBZPCHPTYM lPZBO. - oE UNPFTYFE ABOUT NEOS U KHDYCHMEOYEN, S PFDBA UEVE PFUEF CH FPN, YuFP ZPCHPTA. oBUFPSEYE FBOLY ЪDEUSH, TBHNEEFUS, DEMBFSH OECHPNPTSOP. OP RPYUENKH OE PVIYFSH RTPFYCHPRKHMECHPK VTPOEK Y LPTBVEMSHOPK UFBMSHA FTBLFPTB - "OBFILY"? rPYUENKH OE RPUFBCHYFSH ABOUT OYI RKHMENEFSH YMY DBCE MEZLPE PTHDYE? with CHUE RTYLYOHM, RP TBUYUEFBN RPMHYUBEFUS. ZMBCHOSCHK YOTSEOET "SOCHBTTLY" TPNBOPCH UP NOPK UPZMBUEO. CHEDSH DEMBAF TSE CH pDEUUE VTPOERPEEBDB...

rTY CHUEK OEPTSYDBOOPUFY LFB YDES ЪBUMHTSYCHBMB CHAINBOYS. with IPTPYP OBBM FTBLFPTOSH FSZBYU uf-obfi - CHEUSHNB NPEOSCH ZHUEOYUOSCH NBYOSCH. rPYENH VSH OE RPRTPVPCHBFSH?

chNEUFE E lPZBOPN NSCH RTPYMY CH LBVYOEF L zHTECHYUH, with RPRTPUYM RTPYOZHPTNYTPCHBFSH NEOS P FPN, LBL PVUFPYF DEMP U CHSHCHRKHULPN CHPEOOPK RTPDHLGYY ABOUT PDEUULYI ЪBCHPDBI. UELTEFBTSH ZPTLPNB TBUULBJBM, UFP ABOUT MYOPMEHNPCHPN ЪBCHPDE PUCHBYCHBEFUS RTPYCHPDUFCHP CHTSCHCHYUBFLY, ABOUT "LYOBRE" Y "LTBUOPN rTPZHYOFETOE" OBYUBF CHSHCHRHUL RTPFYCH PFBOLPCHSHCHY RTPFPYCHPREYFOSHI NYO, OBMBTSYCHBEFUS YZPFPCHMEOYE THYOSHI ZTBOBF. rP RTPUSHVE ZEOETBMB UPZhTPOPCHB PDEUULYE TBVPYUYE CHSMYUSH UB UPJDBOYE 82nd 50-NYMMYNEFTPPCHSHI NYOPNEFPCH. eUFSH NSHUMSH Y OBUUEF PZOENEFPCH. OH Y, LPOYUOP, LYOTSBMSCH, MPRBFSCH, LYTLPNPFSHCHZY, LPMAYUBS Y ZMBDLBS RTPCHPMPLB, NBMPUBNEFOSH RTERSFUFCHYS, URYTBMY VTHOP...

rPVMBZPDBTYCH UELTEFBTS ZPTLPNB, S CHLTBFGE TBUULBBM P RTEDMPTSEOY lPZBOB Y EBNEFIM, YuFP UYFBA EZP TBKHNOSHCHN. ZHTECHYU FHF TSE RPJCHPOYM ABOUT "SOCHBTLKH" (ЪBCHPD OH SOCHBTULPZP CHPUUFBOYS) Y RETEZPCHPTYM U ZMBCHOSCHN YOTSEOETPN

h TEJHMSHFBFE CH TBURPTTSEOYE x. h. lPZBOB Y r. l. TPNBOPCHB VSHMP CHSHCHDEMEOP DMS OBYUBMB FTY FSZBYUB...

h FE DOY RTPFYCHOIL OBUFPKYUYCHP TCBMUS L ZPTPDH, L NPTULPNH RPVETETSHA, UFTENSUSH ЪBCHETYYFSH PLTHTSEOYE pDEUUSCH. rP DBOOSCHN TBCHEDLY, BY CCHCHEM H VPK UENSH REIPFOSCHI Y PDOKH LBCHBMETYKULHA DYCHYYA. y LFYN, RP-CHYDNPNH, OE UPVYTBMUS PZTBOYUYFSHUS. uPRTPFYCHMEOYE OBUYI CHPKUL HUYMYCHBMPUSH U LBTSDSCHN DOEN, OP PFIPDYFSH CHUE TSE RTYIPDIMPUSH.

OH ABOUT RETCHPN, OH ABOUT CHFPTPN THVETSBI, ZDE YOTSEOETOSHCH TBVPFSH VSHHMY CHSHRPMOESCH RTYNETOP OBRPMPCHYOH, YUBUFSN rTYNPTULPK ЪBLTERIFSHUS OE HDBMPUSH. OP ЪBDETTSBFSH OBUFHRMEOYE CHTBZB SING CHUE TSE RPNPZMY. y LFB ЪBDETTSLB, RHUFSH OE PUEOSH VPMSHYBS, DBMB OBN CHPNPTsOPUFSH UPUTEDPPFPYYFSH CHUE UYMSCH ABOUT UFTPIFEMSHUFCH FTEFSHESP TH YUEFCHETFPZP THVETSEK, LPFPTSHCHE FERTSH UFBOPCY MYUSH UPPFCHEFUFCHOOOP RETEDPCHSHNYI ZMBCHOSCHNY THVETSBNY.

13 BCHZKHUFB OERTYSFEMSH CHCHYEM L NPTA ABOUT UECHETP-CHPUFPLE PF ZPTPDB, RPMOPUFSHA PLTHTSYCH EZP. pDOPCHTENEOOOP ON RTEDRTYOSM TEYFEMSHOP OBUFHRMEOYE RP CHUENKH ZHTPOFKH, OP KHUREIB OE DPVIYMUS. h FPF CE DEOSH CHPEOOSHCHK UPCHEF BTNYY YЪDBM RTYLB, UPZMBUOP LPFPTPNKH PVPTPOB ZPTPDB TBVYCHBMBUSH ABOUT FTY UELFPTB.

UELFPT ABOUT RTBCHPN ZHMBOZE OBCHBMY CHPUFPYUOSCHN. EZP ZhTPOF OBUYOBMUS PF RPVETETSSHS, RETEUELBM lHSMSHOYGLYK MYNBO Y KHRYTBMUS CH IBDTSYVEKULYK MYNBO, RP PUY LPFTPTPZP RTPIPPDYMB TBZTBOYUYFEMSHOBS MYOYS U ЪBRBDOSCHN UEL FPTPN. zhTPOF ЪBRBDOPZP UELFPTB YЪPZOKHMUS CH UFPTPOH fYTBURPMSHULZP YPUUE; CHDPMSH RPUMEDOEZP RTPIPDIMB CHFPTBS UFPTPOB ЪBRBDOPZP UELFPTB. KhZPM NETSDH UFPTPOBNY UPUFBCHMSM ZTBDHUPCH FTYDGBFSH Y UNPFTEM CHETYOPK ABOUT UECHETP-YBRBD. fTEFYK, ATSOSCHK, UELFPT PICHBFSHCHBM CHUE PUFBMSHOPE RTPUFTBOUFCHP DP AZP-ЪBRBDOPZP VETEZB NPTS (RPOBYUBMKH MYOSA ZHTPOFB PZTBOYUYCHBMY UMECHB OYIPCHSHS DOEUFTB Y DOEUFT PCHULIK MYNBO).

h CHPUFPYuOPN UELFPTE UTBTSBMYUSH KHUIMEOOOSCHK NPTULPC RPML, RPML OLCHD, PDIO UFTEMLPCHSHCHK RPML YJ UPUFBCHB 25-K DYCHYYYY PFDEMSHOSHCHK UFTEMLPCHSHCHK VBFBMSHPO. CHOBYUBME LFY UCHPDOSHE UYMSCH CHPZMBCHMSM LPNVTYZ u. and. nPOBIPCH, SCHMSCHYKUS Y OBYUBMSHOILPN UELFPTB. rPTSE FBN UZhPTNYTPCHBMY DYCHYYYA RPD OBYUBMPN VSHCHYEZP LNEODBOFB fYkhtB RPMLPCHOILB z. n. lPYUEOPCHB, L LPFPTPNH Y RETEYMP HRTBCHMEOYE UELFPTPN. about BYUBMSHOILPN ЪBRBDOPZP UELFPTB UFBM ZEOETBM-NBKPT ch. chPTPVSHECH, FPMSHLP YuFP RTYOSCHYIK 95-A DYCHYYA. pOB-FP CHNEUFE U PDOIN FYTBURPMSHULIN RHMSHVBFPN Y DETSBMB ЪDEUSH PVPTPOH. h ATSOPN UELFPTE, CHPZMBCHMSENPN RPMLPCHOILPN b. u. ъBIBTUEOLP (CHULPTE EZP UNEOYM ZEOETBM-NBKPT y. e. rEFTPCH), PVPTPPOSMYUSH 25-S DYCHYYS Y DTHZPK FYTBURPMSHULIK RHMSHVBF. h BTNEKULYK TEETCH CHCHCHPDYMYUSH 1-S LBCHDYCHYYS Y 47-K PFDEMSHOSCHK RPOFPOOSHCHK VBFBMSHPO.

TBDEMEOYE ABOUT UELFPTB RTPYPYMP PTZBOYPCHBOOP Y YUEFLP, IPFS VPY, RP UKHEEUFCHH, OE RTELTBEBMYUSH. h FYI VPSI RPMKHYUBMY ЪBLBMLH YUFTEVYFEMSHOSH VBFBMSHPOSH Y PRPMYOOYUEULYE RPDTBDEMEOYS, RPUFEREOOP CHMYCHBCHYYEUS CH UPUFBCH LBDTPCHI YUBUFEK. about OBVYTBMUS PRSHCHFB Y 1-K NPTULPK RPML, CHSHCHEDEOOSCHK ABOUT RPIYGYY NETSDH nBMSHCHN Y vPMSHYYN bDTSBMSHLULYNY MYNBOBNY.

h RPML CHIPDIYMY DPVTPCPMSHGSH YI TBOSHI YUBUFEK Y U LPTBVMEK VBSHCH. lBL RTBCHYMP, LFP VSHCHMY OULPMSHLP MEF RPTUMKHTSYYE LTBUOPZHMPFGSH Y NMBDYYE LPNBODYTSCH, VPMSHYIE OBFPLY UCHPEZP DEMB, OP UPCHETYEOOP OEYULHYEOOOSCH FBLFYLE UHIPRHF OPZP UPS. rPMLPN OEDPMZP LPNBODPCHBM NBKPT h.r. nPTPЪPCH, RPFPN ABOUT EZP NEUFP RPUFBCHYMY s. y. PUYRPCHB. According to, IPFS yem yofodbofulpe Kommersant, VSHM Yuempchelpn Teyfemshchin, Chopechbm on Uhprhfshe EE CTBCDBOULHA L FPNH PVMBDBM LPNBODITULPK CIMLPK. CHULPTE PUYRPCH RPMKHYUM ЪCHBOIE RPMLPCHOILB. pDOBLP PUFBMSHOSHE LPNBODYTSCH OE VSHMY ZPFPCHSH RTERPDBFS RPDYUYOOOSCHN BYSHCH PVEECHPKULPCHPK OBHLY.

pUPVEOOOP UFTBDBMB YOTSEOETOBS RPDZPFPCHLB. x NPTSLPC OE VSHMP OBCHSHLPCH ENMSOSHI TBVPF, DB POY OE CHYDEMY PUPVPZP UNSHUMB CH FBLYI TBVPFBI, RPMBZBS, YuFP ITBVTPNH OEBUYEN RTSFBFSHUS PF RHMSH Y UOBTSDPCH. yFBV RPMLB TBURPMPTSYMUS CH RPUBDLE, CH OESMHVPLPN PLPRUYLE. CHUE EZP PVPTHDPCHBOIE UPUFPSMP YJ DCHHI FEMEZHPOOSHI BRRBTBFPCH. h VBFBMSHPOBI VSHMP EEE IHCE. b NETSDH FEN PVUFBOPCHLB FTEVPCHBMB UTPYUOP UPЪDBCHBFSH SUEKLY, RKHMENEFOSCHE Y NYOPNEFOSCH RPYYGYY, IPDSCH UPPVEEOYS, ЪBZTBTSDEOOYS.

t.v. lBNEOEGLYK, RPVSHCHCHBCH ABOUT RPYIGYSI RPMLB, CHETOHMUS CH YFBV BTNYY PUEOSH CHUFTECHPTSEOOSHN Y RPRTPPUYM UTPYUOP CHSHCHDEMYFSH DMS NPTSLPCH YBOGECHSHCHK YOUFTHNEOF, LPMSHS Y LPMA YUHA RTPCHPMPLH. CHUE LFP VSHMP OEBBNEDMYFEMSHOP RPZTHCEOP CH NBIYOH Y PFPUMBOP RP OBUBYEOYA. h RPML PUYRPCHB VSHMY UTPUOP OBRTBCHMEOSCH BTNEKULYE LPNBODYTSCH, LPFPTSCHE CH IPDE VPEC PTZBOYPCHBMY YOTSEOETOKHA RPDZPFPCHLH LTBUOPZHMPFGECH...

obyb TBVPFB RP UPUFBCHMEOYA RMBOB PVPPTPOYFEMSHOSHHI NETPRTYSFYK VSHMB UBCHETYEOB. with OBNETECHBMUS DPMPTSYFSH RMBO chPEOOPNH UPCHEFH BTNYY, OP FHF RTPYPYMP OEPTSYDBOOPE DMS OBU UPVSCHFYE. 19. RBTFYKOSCHI, UPCHEFULYI PTZBOPCH Y PVEEUFCHEOOSCHI PTZBOYBGYK. lPNBODHAEIN ppt OBOBYUBMUS LPOFT-BDNYTBM z. h. cHLHR. rPDYUYOSMUS BY CHPEOOPNH UPCHEFH yuETOPNPTULZP ZHMPFB Y OEU RETED OIN PFCHEFUFCHOOPUFSH ЪB PVPTPOH pDEUUSCH. yFBV TBKPOB RTEDMBZBMPUSH CHPZMBCHYFSH ZEOETBM-NBKPTH z. d.

pDOPCHTEENOOOP VSHM HFCHETTSDEO UPUFBCH chPEOOOPZP UPCHEFB ppt. h OEZP ChPYMY DYCHYYPOOSCHK LPNYUUBT w. O. chPTPOYO, VTYZBDOSCHK LPNYUUBT th. y. bBBTPCH, RTYVSCCHYIK Y ZMBCHOPZP RPMYFHRTBCHMEOYS ol chnzh, Y RETCHSHCHK UELTEFBTSH pDEUULPZP PVLPNB RBTFYY b. h. lPMSHCHVBOPCH.

ZEOETBM-MEKFEOBOF z. R. uPZhTPOPCH, LPFPTPNH DP FPZP RPDYUYOSMBUSH CHPEOOP-NPTULBS VBBYY EE-LPNBODYT z. part TsKHLPCH, UFBM FERTSH ЪBNEUFYFEMEN LPNBODHAEEZP ppt RP UHIPRHFOSHN CHPKULBN. ъBNEUFYFEMEN RP NPTULPK YUBUFY Y LPNBODITPN VBSHCH UFBOPCHYMUS LPOFT-BDNYTBM y. d. ъBNEUFYFEMEN RP CHPEOOP-CHP'DKHYOSCHN UYMBN UFBM YNEOPCHBFSHUS LPNVTYZ ch.r. lBFTPC, IPFS CHUE LFY UYMSCH UPUFBCHMSM MYYSH PDYO, DB Y FP LTERLP RPFTERBOOSCHK, 69-K YUFTEVYFEMSHOSHCHK BCHYBRPML. h DPMTSOPUFSH OBYUBMSHOILB BTFYMMETYY CHUFKHRBM RPMLPCHOIL o. l. TSHTSY - DP bFPZP OBYUBTF rTYNPTULPK. chCHPDYMBUSH FBLCE DPMTSOPUFSH RPNPEOILB LPNBODHAEEZP RP PVPPTPOYFEMSHOPNH UFTPYFEMSHUFCHH, ABOUT LPFPTHA OBYUMY NEOS.

OE ULBTSH, YuFP TEPTZBOYBGYA UTBH CHUFTEFYMY U RPOINBOYEN Y PDPVTEOYEN CHUE Y LBTSDSCHK. OP ITS GEMEUPPVTBOOPUFSH OE CHSHCHCHBMB UPNOEOYK. nPTULBS LPNNHOILBGYS PUFBCHBMBUSH EDYOUFCHEOOSCHN LBOBMPN, RP LPFTPPNH PUBTSDEOOOSHE RPMKHYUBMY RTPDHLFSCH, VPERTYRBUSCH Y RPRPMOOYE. h LFK UYFKHBGYY LPNBODPCHBOYE yuETOPNPTULZP ZHMPFB, EUFEUFCHEOOP, UFBOPCHYMPUSH EDYOUFCHEOOSCHN PTZBOPN, LPFPTSCHK Refinery KHRTBCHMSFSH CHUEN LFYN. CHEDSH UCHSH U ATSOSHCHN ZhTPOFPN VSHMB ZBLFYUEULY KhFTBYUEOB.

oPChBS UFTHHLFKhTB ChPYMB CH TSYOSH Y CHULPTE UFBMB RTYCHSHYUOPK. rPD PZOEN CHTBZB MADI KHUREYOP RTYFETMYUSH DTHZ L DTHZH CH UCHPEN OPChPN LBUEUFCHE. lPNBODBTN OE PFCHMELBMUS PF TEYEOYS BTNEKULYI CHPRTPUPCH. lPNBODHAYK TBKPOPN UPUTEDPPFPYUM HUYMYS ABOUT CHSHRPMOEOYY KHLBBOYK uFBCHLY, LPFPTBS TELPNEODPCHBMB CHUENETOP TBCHYCHBFSH YOTSEOETOSHCHE UPPTHTSEOYS, YURPMSHЪPCHBFSH CHUE FT KHDPURPUPVOPPE OBUEMEOYE DMS PVPTPPOSH ZPTPDB, YYASFSH YY FSHMPCHSHCHI YUBUFEK Y HYUTETSDEOOK CHEUSH YJMYYOYK TSDPCHPK Y OBYUBMSHUFCHHAEIK UPUFBCH Y YURPMSHЪPCHBFSH EZP DMS UMHTSV SHCH UFTPA, UPЪDBFSH ЪBRBUOSCH UYMSCH. rTEDMBZBMPUSH FBLCE CHSFSH ABOUT KHUEF CHUE YNEAEEEUS CH ZPTPDE CHPPTHTSEOYE, CHPEOOHA FEIOILH Y DTHZPE CHPEOOPE YNHEEUFChP, RTYZPDOPE DMS PVPTPOSCH, B CHUE OOOHTSOPE DMS b FPK GEMY LCHBLHYTPCHBFSH. ьЧБЛХБГЯ РТПЪЧПДИФШ PE CHUEI UMKHYUBSI MYYSH U TBTEYEOYS LPNBODHAEEZP ppt.

rP MYYUOSCHN LBYUEUFCHBN LPNBODHAYK PUEOSH RPDIPDAYM DMS UCHPEK TPMY. lPOYUOP, CH PRETBFYCHOPK RPDZPFPCHLE PO OE NPZ OE KHUFKHRBFSH uPZhTPOPCHH - CHUEK RTEDYUFCHHAEEK UMKHTSVPK tsHLPCHB ZPFPCHYMY L TEYEOYA YOSHI ЪBDBU. OP ON VSHHM YUEMPCHELPN U ChPEOOOPK LPUFPYULPK. fCHETDSCHN, TEYYFEMSHOSHCHN, YOPZDB, RTBCHDB, YUTENETOP RPTCHCHYUFSHCHN. chRTPYUEN, LFP LBYUEUFChP CHUEZDB LPNREOUYTPCHBMPUSH RTYUKHEIN ENKH ЪDTTBCHSHCHN UNSHUMPN.

lBL Y VPMSHYOUFCHP ZHMPFULYI LPNBODITPCH, MADEK, RTYOBDMETSBEYI L UBNPNH FEIOYUUEULY PUOBEEOOOPNH CHYDH UYM, tsHLPCH U VPMSHYYN RPOINBOYEN PFOPUYMUS L ЪBDBUBN YOTSEOE TOPK UMHTSVSHCH. according to KHFCHETDYM RPTSDPL, UPZMBUOP LPFPTPNH OH PDOP YOTSEOETOP-UFTPYFEMSHOPE RPDTBDEMEOYE NPZMP YURPMSHЪPCHBFSHUS OE RP OBOBYEOYA VE CHEDPNB RPNPEOILB LPNBODHAE EZP RP PVPTPPOYFEMSHOPNH UFTTPYFEMSHUFCHH.

rMBO YOTSEETOPK RPDZPFPCHLY PVPTPPOSHNOE RTYYMPUSH DPLMBDSCHBFSH chPEOOPNH UPCHEFH ppt. CHUE OBUY UPPVTTSEOYS VSHMY PDPVTEOSH Y KHFCHETTSDEOSCH. ъB RETEDPCHPK THVETS RTYOINBMUS VSCHCHYYK FTEFYK, ZDE TBVPFSHCH TSDE NEUF RTPCHPDYMYUSH HTSE CH RTEDEMBI DPUZBENPUFY CHTBTSEULPZP PZOS. ZMBCHOSCHN THVETSPN UFBOPCHYMUS VSHCHYYK YUEFCHETFSHCHK, ABOUT UFTPYFEMSHUFCH LFPTPTPZP UPUTEDPPFPYYCHBMYUSH PUOPCHOSCHE HUYMYS. fTEFYK, FSHMPCHPK, THVETS RTPIPDIM RP PLTBIOBN ZPTPDB. chPEOOSHCHK UPCHEF RPFTEVPCHBM PF YOTSEOETOPZP THLPCHPDUFCHB BTNYY Y LPNBODYTPCH UELFPTPCH KHUYMYFSH UFTPIFEMSHUFCHP PVPPTPOYFEMSHOSHHI UPPTTHTSEOYK LBL ABOUT THVETSBI, FBL Y CH UB NPN ZPTPDE. uFBCHYMBUSH ЪBDББУБ RPUFTПYФШ ЪBRBUOPK LPNBODOSHCHK RHOLF CH TBKPOE bTLBDYY. ABOUT YOTSEETOSCHE YUBUFY CHPMBZBMBUSH PFCHEFUFCHEOOPUFSH ЪB YUEFLHA PTZBOYBGYA VPTSHVSH U RPTsBTBNY, UB VEURETEVPKOPE UOBVTSEOYE RTPNSCHYMEOOOSCHI RTEDRTYSFYK, RPTFS Y ZBTOYPOB BMELFTPTPOETZYEK Y ChPDPK, ЪB TBGYPOBMSHOPE YURPMSHЪPCHBOYE LBFBLPLNV, CHPDPLBOBMMYBGYPOOPK UEFI, RPDCHBMPCH Y RPDYENOSHI ULMBDPCH RPD KHVETSYEB DMS OBUEMEOYS . th EEE: FTEVPCHBMPUSH RTEDHUNPFTEFSH ЪBFPRMEOYE TBKPOB RETEUSCHRY, RPDZPFPCHYCH L CHЪTSCHCHH RMPFYOSCH, RETELTSCHCHBAEYE iBDTSYVEKULYK MYNBO.

rTPZTBNNB VSHMB PVIYTOPK, OBRTSSEOOOPK DP RTEDEMB YNEAEYIUS UYM. OP POB UKHEEUFChPCHBMB, Y LFP VSHMP ZMBCHOPE, LFP RPЪChPMSMP DEKUFCHPCHBFSH UPZMBUPCHBOOP Y GEMEOBRTBCHMEOOOP.

lBL TB H FY DOY PVUFBOPCHLB ABOUT RETEDOEN LTBE PVPTPPOSH PUMPTSOYMBUSH. chTBZ CHCHPDYM CH VPK UCHETSIE UYMSCH, RSHCHFBSUSH TBCHYFSH OBUFHRMEOYE. h OYЪPCHSHSI DOEUFTB NSCH VSHMY CHSHCHOKHTSDEOSCH TBBTHIYFSH RPDZPFPCHMEOOOSCHK L CHЪTSCHCHH NPUF. oP Y LFP OE RPNPZMP ChPKULBN ATsOPZP UELFPTB KHDETSBFSH UCHPY RPYGYY. rTYYMPUSH PFPKFY ABOUT NPTULPE RPVETETSSHE, PUFBCHYCH VEMSECHLH. pDEUUB MYYYMBUSH DOEUFTPPCHULPK CHPDSH. CHUS OBDETSDB FERTSH VSHMB ABOUT LPMPDGSH Y ULCHBTSYOSCH. vPMSHYOUFChP YЪ OYI HCE DEKUFCHPCHBMP, ABOUT DTHZYI ЪBCHETYBMBUSH TBVPFB. CHUEZP CHUFKHRYMP CH UFTPK 58 BTFEYBOULYI ULCHBTSYO Y LPMPDGECH. chPDPRTPCHPDOBS UEFSH CH DPNBI VSHMB RETELTSCHFB. about CHPDH, LBL Y ABOUT RTPDHLFSCH, CHCHPDYMYUSH LBTFPYULY. vMBZPDBTS LFK NETE CH ZPTPDULYI TEETCHHBTBI KHDBCHBMPUSH RPDDETSYCHBFSH DEUSFYDOECHOCHK ЪBRBU CHPDSH.

rTY RPNPEOYLE LPNBODHAEEZP ppt RP PVPPTPOYFEMSHOPNH UFTPYFEMSHUFCHH VSHM UPЪDBO YOTSEOETOSHCHK PFDEM - DEMPCHPK PTZBO, OEVPMSHYPK RP UPUFBCHH. h OEZP ChPYMY z. R. LEDTYOULYK (U UPITBOEOYEN UCHPYI PVSBOOPUFEK CH BTNYY), b. f. rBCHMPCH, b. u. GYZHTPCH Y OBYUBMSHOIL YFBVB PDOPZP YЪ TBUZHPTNYTPCHBOOSCHI htPC ETENYO.

at LCHBMYZHYYTPCHBOOSCHNY UREGYBMYUFBNY DEMP KH OBU CHPPVEE PVUFPSMP VMBZPRPMHYUOP. b CHPF TBVPYYI THL RPUFPSOOP OE ICHBFBMP. OBOY ZhPTFYZHYLBGYPOOSCH VBFBMSHPOSH OBUYFSHCHBMY OE VPMEE YuEN RP YuEFSHTEUFB YUEMPCHEL, YuFP UPUFBCHMSMP MYYSH FTEFSH YFBFOPK YUYUMEOOPUFY UFTPKVBFB CHPEOOZP READING. CHUEZP KH OBU YNEMPUSH PLPMP DCHEOBDGBFY FSHUSYU VPKGCH YOTSEETOSCHI YUBUFEK. ETSEDOECHOP TBVPFBMP UFPMSHLP CE ZPTPTSBO. fY MADI OE YNEMY OEPVIPDYNSHI OBCHSHLPCH, NOPZYE YЪ OYI L FPNKH TSE VSHCHMY ZHIYYUEULY UMBVSHCH. th PUFTP, PUEOSH PUFTP OE ICHBFBMP FEIOIL. ABOUT UFTPYFEMSHUFCHE ZMBCHOPZP THVETSB, YNECHYEZP ZHPTNKH DHZY RTPFSTSEOPUFSHHA CH 80 LYMPNEFTPC, YURPMSHЪPCHBMPUSH CHUEZP PLPMP UFB BCHFPNBYO. nOPZP MY SING NPZMY UDEMBFS?

zPTPD RTDDPMTsBM YYSHCHULICHBFSH DMS OBU MADULYE TEETCHSHCH. vShchMP UZhPTNYTPCHBOP EEE YuEFSHTE ZhPTFYZHYLBGYPOOP-UFTPYFEMSHOSHCHI VBFBMSHPOB. y DEMBNYY RPNSCHUMBNY UCHPYNY PDEUUYFSH CHUE FEUOOEE UMYCHBMYUSH U ZBTOYPOPN ZPTPDB-LTERPUFY, UFBOPCHYMYUSH EZP OEPFYAENMEPC YUBUFSHA.

h PDYO YBCHZKHUFPCHULYI DOEK NEOS TBSHCHULBMY ZDE-FP ABOUT UFTPYFEMSHUFCHE ZMBCHOPZP THVETSB Y RETEDBMY RTYLBBOYE UTPYUOP SCHYFSHUS L LPNBODHAEENKH. s UEM CH ZBYIL Y OBRTBCHYMUS CH YFBV.

RTYUBTSYCHBKFEUSH, bTLBDYK ZHEDPTPCHYU, - CHUFTEFYM NEOS tsHLPCH, - fHF FBLPE DEM... yb ъBRPTTSSHS RTYVSHCHM x-2. x MEFUYLB RTYLB LPNBODHAEEZP ZHTPOFPN fAMEOECHB: ЪBVTBFSH CHBU Y DPUFBCHYFSH ABOUT lr. fBL ULBBFSH, L NEUFKH RPUFPSOOPK UMHTSVSHCH. YuFP VKhDEN TEYBFSH?..

nOPZPE RTPOEUMPUSH CH NPIZKH, RTETSDE YUEN PFCHEFIM ABOUT CHPRTPU LPNBODHAEEZP pptB. OP NSHUMSH P FPN, YUFPVSH PUFBCHYFSH PUBTSDEOOOSCHK ZPTPD, DBCE OE RTYIPDIMB CH ZPMPCHH.

MEFUYL, OBCHETOSLB, FPTPRYFUS, - PFCHEFYM WITH tsHLPCHH. - YuFP EUMY RETEDBFSH U OIN: iTEOPCHB OE UKHNEMY TBSHCHULBFSH, OBIPDIYMUS CH CHPKULBI. b BDETTSYCHBFSH UBNPMEF VPMSHYE OE NPZMY.

zBCHTYYM chBUYMSHECHYU KHMSHCHVOKHMUS Y LTERLP RPTsBM NOE THLH.

fBL Y UDEMBMY. b YUETE OEULPMSHLP DOEK UBNPMEF YЪ ъBRPTPTSSHS RTYMEFEM UOPCHB U RTYLBBPN DPUFBCHYFSH YNEOOOP ITEOPCHB. ABOUT NPE YUBUFSHE, L LFPNKH CHTENOY CHPEOOSHCHK UPCHEF ppt KHUREM ЪBTHYUYFSHUS UPZMBUYEN nPULCHSHCH ABOUT FP, YUFPVSHCH WITH PUFBMUS CH PDEUUE.