Ornaments for drawing. How to draw an oriental ornament step by step from a photo

Ornament- This is a pattern built on the rhythmic alternation of depicted motifs.

The term "ornament" is associated with the word "decoration" (from lat. ornemantum- decoration). Ornament is a part of the material culture of society, one of the oldest types of human pictorial activity, which in the distant past carried a symbolic and magical meaning, significance. Each era, style, national culture developed its own system, so the ornament is a sign of the belonging of works to a certain time, people, country. The purpose of the ornament was to decorate objects, fabrics, and dwellings. At the same time, it carried both magical and informational meaning. So the ornament applied to the neck of the vessel "protected" it from the penetration of evil spirits. The same applied to clothes, and houses, and interior items, etc. The ornament has reached a special development where conditional forms of reflection of reality prevail: in the Ancient East, in pre-Columbian America, in Asian cultures of antiquity and the Middle Ages, in the European Middle Ages. Since ancient times, the principles and forms of ornamentation have developed in folk art, which largely determine national artistic traditions.

Depending on the nature of the motifs, the following types of ornaments are distinguished:

- geometric- consists of points, lines and geometric shapes.

- vegetable- is made up of stylized leaves, flowers, fruits, branches, etc.

- zoomorphic- includes stylized images of real or fantasy animals

- anthropomorphic- uses male and female stylized figures or separate parts of the human body as motifs

- combined.

All Oornaments are an alternation of repeating parts. The minimum area of ​​a repeating pattern is called rapport(from French rapport - return). The repetition of rapport horizontally and vertically forms a rapport grid.

motive- this is part of the ornament, its main element. The motive can be simple, consisting of one element, or complex, consisting of many elements, plastically connected into a single whole. Ornament rapport includes a motif (or a group of motifs) and the distance to a neighboring motif (group).

By the nature of the alternation of rapports, all ornamental compositions are divided as follows:

1. Ribbon ornament- rapport is repeated many times, developing in one direction. At the same time, motifs in a ribbon ornament can be located in a straight line, such an ornament is called a “straight stripe”, or stripe ornament. In some cases, rapport is repeated along a curved contour, while being called a "border". In architecture, arts and crafts and costume, most often the ribbon ornament has a horizontal direction. But it can also be located vertically or along an inclined line.

When building the basis of the composition are laid different kinds symmetry: mirror symmetry, vertical, horizontal or diagonal. And various principles of rhythmic construction of elements - repetition, alternation, including in color and tone.

2. Centric ornament- based on central-axial symmetry, when the rapport rotates around the central axis. The motifs in such an ornament are placed from the central point along the rays, filling the entire surface bounded by the circle, and when rotated, they are completely combined. The most characteristic example of a centric ornament is a rosette, which is a motif of a blossoming flower. This is a very ancient type of ornamental construction, known in ancient Egypt and most popular in Gothic art.

3. Mesh ornament- repeating rapport fills the entire decorated surface, developing in two directions - horizontally and vertically. A cell of such a rapport grid can have a variety of shapes - in the form of a square, rectangle, regular triangle (equilateral), rhombus, parallelogram, regular five- and hexagon, etc. This type of ornament is often used in architecture when ornamenting floors, walls, ceilings, as well as in a suit when decorating textile products - almost all fabric patterns are mesh ornaments.

Description of the stages of work.

1. Consider one of the options for constructing a square geometric ornament. Let's draw a square 4 by 4 cells. At first it will be built as a centric ornament. Those. the report will rotate from the center of the square. And then we will make it tape and mesh.

2. Let's draw auxiliary diagonal lines and rhombuses.

3. We connect the corners of the large square with the corners of the small rhombus. We have an interesting pattern. Note that the report in this case is one-eighth of the square. This part rotates 45 degrees around the center.

4. We choose which form - more complex or simple we like. Erase extra construction lines.

5. From one blank, you can make a lot of different ornaments in shape and color.

6. Choose one of the options.

7. Now this square will be the report of our ribbon ornament. We can rotate it 90 degrees. We decorate the ornament with additional elements.

8. We make a mesh ornament from our ornamental square. We can use an additional element and alternate colors a little.

How to learn to draw zentangle and doodling?

If you have not yet tried to draw in the zentangle or doodling techniques that are popular today, then it's time to learn them.

Let you not create real pictures from drawings, but you will definitely have an occupation that you will turn to if necessary to throw away the accumulated negativity, think about something good and beautiful.

This article contains information about zentangle and doodling drawing techniques. You will not only learn when and who first came up with the idea of ​​filling white sheet simple but spectacular patterns, and how drawing techniques differ, but you can also develop your hidden abilities.

What is zentangle and doodling?

The zentangle technique has long been adopted by people of creative professions to create amazing and bewitching drawings, fill the pages of notebooks, sketchbooks.

Interesting patterns are used even by art therapists during their trainings. The patterns drawn on the cards with a gel pen can be seen on the Internet, or you can create wonderful drawings yourself.

Advantages of drawing in zentangle and doodling techniques:

• drawing is seen as a way to meditate
• you can take a break from pressing problems for a while
• see familiar things with fresh eyes
• the opportunity to reconfigure and be inspired by new projects
• is an excellent remedy for insomnia
• way to boost self esteem
• drawing uncomplicated patterns calms, relieves stress
• a way to develop the hardness of the hand, eye, improve handwriting
• increases attention and develops fine motor skills

The photo below shows spectacular black and white and color patterns drawn using the zentangle technique.

So, what are beautiful works of art in miniature?

Zentangle (zentangle)- these are the drawings that are created unconsciously while waiting, or just to relax, calm down.

Having studied some features of drawing patterns, you can not just drive a pen over a sheet, but transfer unique abstractions onto white paper squares.

Zentangle drawings are characterized by repetitive motifs. Zentangle technique got its name in 2006 in the USA from two words:

• "zen" is one of the Buddhist sects
• "tangl" means confusion, interweaving

Dudling- these are the very scribbles that people of different ages do so well: from small to large. Drawing in the technique of dudling consists of simple forms and curved lines.

In this technique, you can start drawing without any knowledge or skills. After all, the main thing that helps to create an interesting pattern is the ability to act intuitively.

Drawing in the zentangle technique is different in that its implementation requires a significant concentration of attention. Draw patterns on square cards, whose size 9x9 cm.

Cards can be cut out of thick paper, or you can buy ready-made ones in an art store.

Zentangle can be drawn in a notebook by drawing a sheet into squares with sides of 9x9 cm

You can draw a regular sheet of paper into squares. Each square contains a separate composition. There is another option for making drawings: several small ones are drawn in a large square.

Curved lines inside the squares define the boundaries of future patterns and shapes, combining them into one composition.

In each pattern, it is necessary to highlight and show the shaded area. Shadows and highlights in the drawings will emphasize depressions, create the illusion of three-dimensional patterns, and help make an unfamiliar world attractive. Tonal contrasts will make the world recognizable.

Pattern examples:

Zentangle drawing for relaxation, inspiration and pleasure

Zentangle drawings are what we draw on paper, sitting at a meeting, at a lecture, during a protracted telephone conversation. Doodles and dashes help not to lose concentration, to overcome drowsiness.

With emotional exhaustion, fatigue, a marker, felt-tip pen or an ordinary pen will distract you from pressing problems: you will start creating without thinking about anything. mental energy at such moments is not wasted, and therefore the information received continues to be processed and assimilated.

A few squares with patterns turn into an interesting finished work and it does not require any special skills in the field of drawing.

Today, zentangle or doodling elements can be seen on various decorative elements. Strange and intricate figures are combined into bizarre surreal stories.

What is the meaning of meditation while drawing in the zentangle technique?

• To make the drawing beautiful, you need to be able to focus on the moment “here and now”. And this is possible only if you are completely immersed in the drawing process.
• The mechanical movements of the hand on the paper eventually become conscious.
• Spontaneity is gradually replaced by thoughtful composition.

Zentangle and doodling techniques

There are certain rules for zentangle patterns:

• The pattern is done in black and white colors.
• the pattern is limited to a square frame inside a card of a given size (9x9 cm)
• inside the frame, random lines are drawn that divide the square into sectors
• the sectors formed after drawing the lines are filled with bizarre arbitrary patterns
• the plot of each composition is abstract

Drawings in the technique of dudling are performed intuitively, there are no rules when performing them. Zentangle, unlike doodling, is created in such a way that the pattern is complete and complete from any side and from any angle.

To draw in the zentangle technique, you will need the following materials:

• thick watercolor paper
• liner (capillary pen), marker or regular
• ball pen
• simple pencil

Diverse and unique patterns are created according to one scheme:

• We cut out tiles of classic size in Zentangle (9x9 cm) from paper.
• We draw lines: put four dots with a pencil at the corners of the tile, stepping back a little from the edge. We try not to press the pencil so that later we can easily get rid of the lines.

• We connect the lines with one solid line. You should not use a ruler for this or try to draw a straight line: some carelessness will give a special charm to the tile with a drawn pattern. Thus, we set the boundaries for further work.
• The next step is to create "zones" inside the square for future patterns. They will not be scattered in a chaotic manner, but will create a complete picture.

• When the zentangle patterns begin to turn out, then it will be possible to skip this step and start drawing without preliminary “marking”.
• How to mark a square into "zones"? Drawing lines without taking your hand off the paper. In the photo you can see how such lines look.

• Now you need to fill in the empty space between the lines with patterns. Draw segment by segment. Here's what it looks like:

• There is no specific sequence that must be followed: fill the segments with a pattern as your imagination tells you. Leave some areas undrawn, this will not affect the overall picture.

• When you consider that the drawing does not require adjustments and additions, erase the pencil lines drawn earlier.
• Be sure to add shadows by determining for yourself the location of the light source. Without shading, the eye will not slide over the picture and attract attention.
• Having decided where the light will fall on the elements of the pattern, add a hard pencil and blend the painted borders well.
• Shade the sides of the filled segments, giving the image a three-dimensional look.

The shaded patterns “Pebbles”, “Leaves”, “Peas”, “Balls” look especially impressive. If your shadows do not work out or are too dark, you can erase them with an eraser or brighten them.

Zentangle patterns are shown in this section. You can modify them or come up with your own. However, if you are just learning how to draw a zentangle, then it is better to use classic pattern patterns.

While drawing, we turn the zentangle tile around its axis to make it more convenient to draw lines. You can indicate where the bottom of the picture is by putting a signature on one of the sides.

Drawings in the style of doodling with a pencil in stages for beginners

• Doodling drawings do not require any rules to be followed, and there is no need to cut tiles. You can simply print out the contours of an animal, a geometric figure, a plant and fill in the empty space with patterns.
• You can draw a square or an oval in the center of the sheet, and then call on your imagination to help and draw whatever comes to mind. Somewhere you draw pigtails, somewhere you add a spikelet or let the ribbons emerging from the mouth of the shell intricately intertwine.
• You simply add oblique lines to your creation, combine arbitrary elements into a circle, draw contours and get a unique picture.

Let your hand move randomly or determine the direction and draw simple repeating patterns coming from the inside.

How to draw using the doodling technique, you will learn by watching the video.

Video: Dudling pen

Zentagles step by step lessons: learn tangles

To fill the tiles with patterns, you must first make drawings of tangles - patterns. You can practice drawing tangles and only then start creating zentangle drawings.

Below are simple tangles for beginners.

Some beautiful variations of the Cadent pattern for your inspiration

Video: draw tangles

Video: 24 Doodling Patterns, Zentangle Patterns

Zentangle - manicure

Beautiful patterns have become popular not only among artists: doodling is used to create an unusual fashionable manicure.

A whole work of art on the nails in new technology will complement the image and help to make it harmonious. In addition, even the girl who has long given up on independent nail design can apply an ornate drawing using the dudling technique. After all, many believe that they can not draw anything.

What do you need for a simple but effective nail art?

• search the Internet for a suitable pattern that you can repeat
• disassemble the pattern into components and gradually practice performing it on paper
• start sketching the pattern, carefully transferring lines, circles, petals
• Do not worry if some of your lines are uneven: doodling can hide many mistakes!
• If you take a closer look at the design of dudling nails, then make sure that there is nothing complicated in these drawings.

The process of creating a manicure includes several stages:

• base color nail polish
• applying a pattern with varnish of a more liquid consistency
• instead of varnish for drawing patterns, you can use acrylic paint
• fixing with a top coat that gives extra shine

What tools will be needed?

• special thin brush
• in the absence of a brush, you can use a toothpick or pen

The photo shows improvised materials that can replace special tools. You can see how thick the strokes are when using them.

• Start with a circle at the base of the nail plate, gradually moving further: above the first circle, draw a second one, then petals that diverge on the sides and fill in the empty space with dots or strokes.







Video: Zentangle for beginners

A sense of beauty, aesthetic needs are inherent in us by nature. Even in ancient times, as soon as a person consciously distinguished himself from the surrounding world, he sought to decorate his life by drawing charcoal drawings on the walls of caves, and various ornaments on tools, clothes, utensils. Primitive, imperfect, made by a rough, undeveloped hand, nevertheless, these obvious traces of our ancestors' craving for beauty are very, very revealing. After all, they are the origins of those magnificent embroideries, whimsical architectural stucco moldings, graceful and exquisite lace products that surround us now, causing sincere delight and surprise.

Types of ornaments

The subject of our conversation today is various ornaments for drawing, which can serve as a decor for dishes, paper products, photo frames, the basis for embroidery, etc. An ornament is an artistic decoration applied in one way or another to objects. They must be in harmony with the surface on which they are applied, emphasizing and enhancing the aesthetic component of the product. That is why ornaments for drawing are closely related to the shape of the object, its purpose, size and style in which the thing is made. Traditionally, artists subdivide ornamental art into such types as geometric, vegetative, animalistic, human symbolism.

Description

The first, as a rule, includes various kinds of geometric shapes. Such ornaments for drawing contain parallel and intersecting lines, crosses, rhombuses and squares, circles and trapeziums in different variations and alternations. Vegetable ones consist of an interweaving of branches, stems and leaves, blooming flowers and buds, fruits and berries, trees. Ornaments for drawing with animal motifs include schematic images of bears, deer, fallow deer, hares, as well as birds: roosters, doves, doves, peacocks. Symbolic drawings of people are divided into male and female and often hint at the occupation, profession. And, of course, almost all ornaments for drawing differ on a national basis. Each people and even small nationalities have their own - original, associated with unique culture and philosophical and aesthetic views.

Russian antiquity

In passing, we note that not every drawing is and is considered an ornament. One of the main requirements for it is the unity of compositional elements and the presence of repeating alternations in the scheme. The so-called movement of the pattern is also important. For example, Russian ornaments are most often applied in a circle, clockwise, or, as they used to say in the old days, “in the direction of the sun”. It is not in vain that connoisseurs and connoisseurs of art consider them one of the most expressive manifestations of world fine arts. Russian ornaments were formed under the influence of the cultures of the West and East, the Caucasus. Borrowings were adapted and creatively processed by artists in accordance with the Russian "soil", national traditions dating back to paganism. Such drawings often served as amulets, were, as it were, magical protection from bad influence or evil forces. Or they reflected the people's understanding of the foundations of the universe. A decorative pattern was applied either entirely on the product, covering its entire area, or on some part, emphasizing the expressiveness of the thing.

ancient geometry

Traditional among the ancient Slavs, the descendants of the current Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians, was the same geometric ornament, sometimes reminiscent of complex pictograms. Especially often there was a stylized image of the sun, which the pagan Slavs worshiped. Often there was a swastika - full or partial, also considered a symbol of the sun, the brace. Later, geometry gives way to decorative weaving in drawings - it was also called magical or mimic. One of the main elements of the decor is the rosette. It is drawn with a different number of petals: four, six, eight, ten. And it personifies all the same sun, which for the Slavs was the center of the universe. In later times, from about the 12th century, the ancient Russian geometric ornament is combined with the floral one. This is especially evident in the drawings that adorned handwritten books. So in fine arts ancient Slavs appear arabesques - under the influence of the cultures of the peoples of Asia and the East.

Drawing and myth

Some types of ornament in Russian decorative art are of a mythological nature. First of all, these are vegetable and zoomorphic. This includes the image of the sacred tree of life (most often oak), on the branches of which birds are sitting, personifying the forces of nature. Sometimes a snake-dragon was painted next to them. According to ancient folk beliefs, she embodied lightning and patronized dwellings. In addition to the cult of the sun, the cult of fire was widespread among the ancient Eastern Slavs. It is there that the roots of a tradition that has survived the centuries are located. We are talking about two-headed birds, which later became part of the Russian state symbols. Few people know about this, but the types of ornament with this element go back to pagan worship of the fire element and the spirits that are “responsible” for it. And one more bird was very often painted in decorative patterns. This is a duck, the personification of the World Duck, the progenitor of animals and birds. In ancient handwritten books, in the annals in Russian ornamentation, we often find interweaving of grape vines, curls, fine drawing of the details of the flower cup, veins on the leaves. Often, animals and plants were depicted in a mixed version, when the tail of the snake smoothly turned into the bends of branches. Typically, a similar pattern adorned the capital letters in the annals.

Artistic art of the East

What is a picturesque oriental ornament? Naturally, there is no uniformity in it, each region has its own traditions and differences. For example, arabesques. This type of pattern was widespread in the medieval eastern states and is translated as "Arabic". It consisted of a complex interweaving of geometric and floral motifs, stylized flowers, leaves and climbing stems. Often, elegant ligature was wedged into it - inscriptions made in Arabic script. The national ornament of the Persians usually included images of griffins and other fantastic creatures. There were also flowers and leaves, fruits. And also fish, stylized in the form of rhombuses. The ornaments of the peoples of China and Japan consisted mainly of large-scale painted flowers with whimsically curved stems and leaves.

From the shores of Hellas

The Greek ornament is original and interesting in its own way. He came to Rus' from Byzantium, with the spread of Christianity and the establishment of close cultural and political ties. The name of the ornament is a meander, and it is a continuous broken line consisting of right angles. Like other ancient types of decor, the meander has an ambiguous symbolic interpretation. It personifies human destiny, the path of life, and straightness symbolizes a virtuous character. On closer examination, in some variants of the ornament, you can see a swastika. She, according to the Greeks, meant mystical grace, happiness. In addition, according to the philosophical views of the ancient Hellenes, the continuous line of the meander was equal to the sign of infinity, the change of times, generations, human races. The old shrank and died, the young unfolded and gained strength.

Conclusion

In addition to aesthetic, drawing an ornament also has purely practical benefits. This process develops the eye and memory, abstract thinking, observation, the ability to isolate the main thing and see small details. Forms the accuracy of movements, understanding of perspective, the role of compositional elements. And cultivates a delicate artistic taste. Of course, we must not forget about the cognitive function. By studying the principles of building national ornaments, the graphic designer learns new things about the culture, worldview and way of life of the people, their beliefs and superstitions.

An ornament is a set of certain graphic elements in an arbitrary or usually natural or animal motifs, abstractions or simple geometric figures. Most often, ornaments for drawing are used in architecture. Intricate patterns can be found on dishes, fabrics, weapons and furniture.

Pattern drawing basics

If you are planning to master this artistic direction, then a small drawing lesson will help you. The ornament should have a clearly visible rhythm. The repetition of the same group of graphic elements constitutes the motif of the drawing. It is allowed to use both one and several motive lines.

Any creative work requires diligence and perseverance. The main thing is to remember the difference between the technique of ornamentation and graphics and painting.

• Try to keep the same line thickness throughout the motif.
• Do not use too many colors, it is better to choose two contrasting shades.
• Stick to the motive line, do not get carried away with multicomponents.
• The complexity of the elements should increase from the edge to the center or vice versa.
• Follow the symmetry and do not shift the center of the composition.

Classification of ornaments

Depending on the execution technique, there are: ribbon, composition-closed and mesh types of ornaments.

Technique

Drawing patterns is a very simple and exciting activity. The main thing is to develop a sense of symmetry and choose a composition. Your main task is to depict the elements on the plane and beautifully arrange them in space. Start with simple geometric motifs. Drawing an ornament in a square is ideal for beginners, as this figure is easily divided into equal and symmetrical parts.