Codex Cosa Nostra 6 letters. Recognition

La Cosa Nostra translates to “our business.”

If Cosa Nostra exists, it must have a history, and if it has a history, as Falcone once noted, it began somewhere.

On January 16, 1919, the 18th Amendment to the American Constitution (Woldstead Act) was adopted. It came into force the following year.

From that moment on, a crime boom began in the United States. The law prohibited the production and sale of alcohol, but did not prohibit its consumption. The development of organized crime during the Prohibition era went through several stages.

At the first stage, alcohol was concentrated mainly in private hands. Bootleggers sold their old stock.

The second stage began the production of low-grade alcoholic beverages in hundreds of thousands of small distilleries scattered throughout the country.

During this period, Chicago became the capital of bootlegging.

The third stage is the smuggling of high-quality alcohol. Beginning of 1924. New York becomes the capital.

On May 12, 1929, a national meeting of bosses organized by Al Capone took place at the President Hotel in Atlantic City. "King of Chicago" has gathered all the bosses. The reason for the meeting was bloody wars that could lead to the extermination of the criminal cartel. The idea is to stop the showdown, put an end to its internal fragmentation and unite it on a national scale. There was a question about further improving the bribery of power. The problem of “prohibition” was discussed. A 1926 poll showed 1/3 in favor of repeal, 1/2 in favor of revision to target wine and beer sales, and 1/6 against repeal. “King of Chicago” said that new areas of business are needed: drugs, prostitution, gambling, racketeering, bookmaking. The official reason for the meeting was the wedding of Meyer Lansky. The congress lasted 6 days. Only “young wolves” were invited to it; not a single “mustachioed” one had any idea about what was happening. Main role it was played by Salvatore Luciano.


Lucky Luciano

He proclaimed that a speedy change in the existing order and the introduction of a new hierarchy into the criminal organization was required.

Decisions were made: first of all, organizational issues. Following the model of the Sicilian mafia, all gangs unite into a national organization - Cosa Nostra.

It was noted that mafia “families” are formed from individual gangs. This decision made it possible to take control of the activities of numerous gangs that were growing like mushrooms. Now it is possible to control their activities. At the head of the “family” was a don, to whom the capos, who led individual gangs, were subordinate.

"Division of lands" - had a very important.

Cosa Nostra is headed by a collective body - the Supreme Council. The council consisted of all the dons. The main function of this council was to resolve conflicts. Connections have been established with gangs of non-Italian origin.

Salvatore
Maranzano

On September 10, 1931, the murder of Salvatore Maranzano served as a signal to all young gangsters to “renew the blood” of the organization, and in one night over 40 people, representatives of the “old mafia,” were killed.

This is how Cosa Nostra was born.

The mafia was formed during a period of anarchy and weakness of state power structures in Sicily during the reign of the Bourbon dynasty and the post-Bourbon period, as a structure regulating relationships in Sicilian society (at the same time, a similar criminal structure of the Camorra was formed in Naples). However, the socio-political prerequisites for the emergence of the mafia appeared long before this. Before the unification of Italy in 1860, Sicily was under foreign domination for almost two millennia. The merciless exploitation and repression to which the Sicilians were subjected led to the emergence of scattered groups of bandits who robbed wealthy foreigners among the local population. These groups often shared the loot with their fellow villagers, which earned them their support and assistance. Gradually, among the local population, the attitude towards bandits became more and more tolerant. Often, criminal groups gave loans to poor peasants in installments, settled conflicts between merchants, etc. Thus, a social base was formed for the future emergence of the mafia itself. The further development of the mafia occurs during the heyday of the business associated with the cultivation and sale of citrus fruits. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. Sicilians, for reasons primarily economic, migrate en masse to the United States, where they successfully transfer the traditions of the mafia as a social-criminal structure into American society. Nevertheless, in Sicily itself at this time the mafia continues to exist and develop. During the period of fascism, local authorities were particularly active in the fight against the mafia, which became an additional reason for the emigration of many mafiosi to the USA and other countries.

Due to the emergence of a separatist movement in Sicily in the 20-30s of the 20th century, the central government was forced to grant Sicily a certain degree of autonomy in May 1945. The following year local elections were held. The left-wing bloc of socialists and communists, Blocco del Popolo, received a majority of the votes. Christian democrats, monarchists and separatists remained in the minority. The Mafia was particularly hostile to the left, so the Christian Democrats secretly began using the Mafia's "services" to intimidate voters into voting for the right. As a result, the following year, 1948, the Christian Democrats doubled their representation in the local legislature. This success subsequently became a solid basis for the tacit cooperation of right-wing parties with the Sicilian mafia, which ensured their continued electoral success throughout almost the entire post-war period. However, the process of evolution of the democratic system of Italy also affected Sicily, where, starting from the 1960-1970s, more serious measures began to be taken to undermine the influence of the mafia: arrests of the leaders of the organization, police raids, etc. became common and regular occurrences, which, in in turn led to the murders of prosecutors, judges and representatives of other law enforcement who participated in the fight against the mafia.

Italian internal affairs bodies have been fighting the mafia for many decades with varying degrees of success. In November 2009, Italian police arrested the second most important leader of the Sicilian mafia, Dominico Racciuglia. According to Italian Interior Minister Roberto Maroni, this dealt one of the hardest blows to the mafia for last years. Earlier, in October 2009, the Italian police managed to detain three of the most important leaders of the Camorra - the brothers Pasquale, Salvatore and Carmine Russo.

On May 11, 2009, Italian internal affairs authorities arrested one of the 30 most dangerous criminals in Italy, Salvatore Coluccio, in the seaside town of Rocella Ionica. He has been a fugitive since 2005, leading the most powerful Italian group, the 'Ndrangheta, based in Calabria. Police found Coluccio in the bunker. At the time of the arrest, the mafioso was alone in it and did not resist law enforcement officers. It was not possible to find a weapon in the shelter, but the underground lair of the criminal itself amazed the carabinieri, writes Corriere della Sera. The bunker was equipped with an autonomous electric generator and an air conditioning system; There were significant food supplies in the shelter. The police managed to hack the electronic lock that protected the entrance to the underground structure.

The Ten Commandments of the Cosa Nostra are an unofficial set of laws that every member of the mafia must follow. This document was first discovered on November 5, 2007, during the arrest of an influential member of Cosa Nostra, Salvatore Lo Piccolo, who, as it later turned out, took over the reins from the previous “godfather”, Bernardo Provenzano. The document was kept in a leather briefcase among other business papers of the arrested person.

The commandments include the following.

No one can come up and introduce themselves to one of “our” friends. He must be introduced by another friend of ours.

Never look at your friends' wives.

Don't be seen around police officers.

Don't go to clubs and bars.

Your duty is to always be at the disposal of Cosa Nostra, even if your wife is about to give birth.

Always show up for your appointments on time.

Wives must be treated with respect.

If you are asked to give any information, answer truthfully.

You cannot embezzle money that belongs to other Cosa Nostra members or their relatives.

The following persons cannot be members of Cosa Nostra: one whose close relative serves in the police, one whose relative is cheating on his spouse, one who behaves badly and does not observe moral principles.

There are also two basic concepts without which Cosa Nostra is not Cosa Nostra. I think many people know these two concepts, but I’ll remind you anyway. This is vendetta and omerta.

Vendetta - blood feud- one of the main principles of the mafia. His definition is unambiguous: “A vendetta is applied against anyone who violates the rule of mutual responsibility.” If the only end of a vendetta is death, then its execution has an infinite number of options. In 1921, the prosecutor of Palermo described it as follows: “Vendetta is carried out in a barbaric, savage, treacherous way, from ambush, with razors, knives, firearms, poison, beheading, strangulation, and the corpses are violated, they are doused with kerosene and set on fire or disfigured in the most terrible way, so that everyone can see the terrifying power of the mafia.”

As for the injuries that are inflicted on traitors, they have a very definite, specific meaning that is understandable to local residents. Michele Pantaleone in his book “The Mafia Yesterday and Today” writes that a stone in the victim’s mouth indicates that the person is talkative. “He who is deaf and dumb, and also blind, will live quietly for a hundred years,” says an old Sicilian proverb. If a severed hand is found placed on the chest of a murdered person, it means it was the hand of a thief. Of course, if he had stolen from someone on the side, nothing would have been done to him. But if you steal from the mafia, it's an unforgivable sin. If a thorn is placed in place of the murdered man’s wallet, this means that the mafia punished one of its own who embezzled public money or things entrusted to him. If severed genitals were hung around the neck of a murdered man, it means he raped, or at least simply tried to rape, the wife of a mafia member. If the victim's eyes are torn out and placed in a fist, then this means that the victim is a good shooter who shot a man associated with the mafia.

More often than not, the mafia doesn't bother to explain its executions. It is enough if they know that her sentences are peremptory and no patron, no guard, not even the thick walls of a prison, can prevent them from being carried out.

Omerta is the law of silence. It is the law of silence (or, in other words, mutual responsibility) that the mafia owes much of its unusual vitality. Without mutual responsibility, the mafia could never exist. The refusal to speak up and seek the protection of the civil authorities is due to the fact that the laws to which the Sicilians had to obey were never their own laws, but the laws of the occupier, laws imposed from without. To observe them or obey them meant betraying one's own. This habit is so deeply ingrained that a Mafia member who voluntarily elects, for example, American citizenship, nevertheless refuses to obey the laws of his new homeland.

Mutual responsibility has always been the first rule that is instilled in the young Sicilian. As soon as he begins to speak, he is taught to remain silent. Today we can say with certainty that the notorious “wall of silence” was much more beneficial to the mafia than to the Sicilian people. Hiding behind this wall, the mafia could create its power and accumulate wealth with complete impunity, while the Sicilian people never knew anything but poverty and slavery. In Sicily, silence is golden only for some.

It should still be noted that the law of silence has not only a negative, but also a positive meaning, which has nothing to do with betrayal.

Omerta is not just the law of silence: it is also “ good manners", the ability to understand and calculate emerging situations; this is also a deliberate deception, conscious hypocrisy to set a trap into which one can, with feigned kindness and courtesy, lure the victim, putting him in a hopeless situation; this is also protection from outsiders, and therefore a requirement for silence, threatening death for its violation.

In addition to the 10 Commandments, Cosa Nostra also has a code of honor. It is somewhat similar to the commandments, but there are some differences.

The strength and cohesion of the mafia is largely ensured by the unconditional obedience of each of its members to the leaders, as well as by compliance with the strict rules developed by this organization. These rules constitute a veritable “code of honor” which every novice swears to abide by upon his initiation.

You join the mafia for life. Only death breaks these bonds.

By joining the Honorable Society, the Sicilian “piciotti” (and later the American “soldier”) promises to abide by approximately the same “code of honor.” Martin W. Deisings outlines this "code" in the following five basic principles:

Members of the mafia mutually help each other, whatever the nature of this help.

Any attack on one of the members of the mafia in any form is an attack on everyone, it must be avenged at any cost.

They undertake to obey their superiors completely.

When justice needs to be done, mafia members turn not to civil authorities, but to the mafia itself. She is the one who judges. She is the one who makes the judgment. It is she who carries out the sentence.

If anyone, for any reason, reveals the names of members of the organization, he can be killed by anyone, at any time; revenge extends not only to him, but also to his entire family.

This last rule is undoubtedly the most important.

The mafia itself has a certain structure. I emphasize the mafia as a whole, not an individual family. The family also has its own internal structure, but it differs from the structure of the mafia as a whole.

“Family, family” is the first cell of the mafia; it usually consists of relatives and their loved ones, or, in any case, “friends” associated with the family. "Family" is the basis and essence of the mafia. The called head of such a mafia “family” is the most authoritative member of this family clan, even if sometimes this is the youngest.

The family in the old mafia, which arose when only it, and not an individual, had social significance, is a family of the patriarchal type, characteristic of the peasantry. Its main rule is “subordination”, i.e. it is divided into separate, special layers with their own responsibilities, meaning and power, and all this is included on the basis of iron laws in the hierarchy of roles and personal status.

The head of the “family” was the father.

The family was a kind of school in which, thanks to the cruelty of training, such automatic obedience was achieved that the son identified his freedom with the complete blind obedience of his father. At this school they learned that life is harsh and cruel, and one can achieve any advantages at any cost, including shedding the blood of one’s leader.

The strength of the "family" depends on its size and on the number of high-ranking friends that it has managed to acquire outside its locality. The more influential people with whom he managed to establish connections, the more respect and respect he enjoys among his supporters.

In society, a “family” encounters other “families” following two paths: establishing family ties and establishing friendships.

Family ties are most preferable, since in this case the voice of blood operates. Moreover, nepotism was invented - an artificial relationship that arises after playing the role of godfather at christenings and confirmations or the role of witness during a marriage. The godfather is rightfully included in the blood “family”.

It should be noted that the blood ties between members of the mafia are so strong that they do not weaken over the years or with distance. These blood ties made it possible to constantly revive contacts between Sicilian and American mafiosi. At times, the results of the election of the head of the mafia in America were determined by the reverent devotion that the contenders had for their mother's home - Sicily. Friendship in the “Honorable Society” plays only a supporting role and serves rather as a system of acquaintances and connections, i.e. as an opportunity to contact someone for a mutual exchange of services and favors.

The meaning of "family" is to prove to others the ability to impose one's own will. Individual members of the “family,” even if it grows to ten male members, are not able to do this.

A community is controlled by a “family” of mafia through a scythe.

"Koska" is an association of several "families" of mafiosi. The very word "koska" in simple language means "celery, artichoke or lettuce". In Mafia parlance, it means a group in which different elements are connected to each other, like celery leaves growing on one stalk. Koska unites different "families" of the same area or even "families" of neighboring places. In the latter case, all “families” that are part of the same braid must “work” in the same area, without interfering with or interfering with the activities of other braids.

The braid is organized into more high level. At its head is the “capo” (head), who, depending on the degree of closeness with him, is called “don” or “uncle”. The basis is “pichotti”. They serve as assistants to the leader, to whom they must obey completely. Between the head and the “picciotti” there are sometimes one or more intermediate elements - “caporijeme” or, as they are called in America, lieutenants. But that rarely happens. In Sicily there is practically no such rank, which is very important in the American mafia.

At the head of the entire Sicilian mafia is the leader, who is the highest leader. Many heads of more or less importance obey him, but on condition that his power does not interfere too much with their own lives.

Each spit has a clearly limited territory, limits that cannot be violated at will. The value and weight of each braid depend on the size and wealth of the territory under its control. Mafiosi from other territories must ask for permission if their interests force them to act in the territory of a cosmo of which they are not members.

Various relationships are established between different Kosks: friendships, common affairs, mutual assistance, blood ties established through marriages, kinship and nepotism.

The basis of relations between different Koskos is respect, but friction, disagreements, and quarrels can also arise, which in some cases leads to war. If a war breaks out, the Koskis wage it until their rivals are completely destroyed. This is how revenge and massacre begin, which sometimes drag on in the “Honorable Society” for years, involving even children in the meat grinder.

It should be noted that war between Kosks is not a natural way of resolving conflicts. Resolution of contradictions between koskos, as a rule, occurs through negotiations. If an agreement is not reached between them, then a meeting of representatives and leaders of individual Koskos is held, at which a “conciliation commission” is created. This can happen at the provincial, regional and even national or international levels. However, the decisions of the “conciliation commission” concern only those who demanded it. But the mafioso may refuse to comply with the decision made in his case. The execution of a sentence depends on its perception by the interested parties or on the speed with which its execution occurs on the part of the winner of the process. The one who shot first wins because he actually proves that he is stronger.

The trial does not have to end with a guilty verdict. He can invite the disputing parties to agree to a peace settlement, offer free territory, the new kind activities, etc. But the same principle always remains, according to which nothing can limit the freedom of decisions made by an individual mob or an individual mafioso.

All the gangs of any zone operating in one branch of crime form a consorteria, that is, a single clique.

All consorteries constitute the “Venerable Society”, that is, an association of all mafias bound together by bonds of solidarity in committing crimes.

Wisdom comes in different forms. Possessing the wisdom of the enemy is the key to defeating him. That’s why the police and the FBI were so hunting for the wisdom of Cosa Nostra. It was important for them to understand the logic and meaning of the mafia’s actions. This was not so easy to do, since they were protected by omerta. However, people today still know something.

Code of honor

1. Members provide assistance to each other, whatever its nature.
2. Any attack on a member of the mafia is an attack on the mafia.
3. Submission to superior members of the mafia is mandatory.
4. Justice is the mafia that judges, passes judgment and carries it out.
5. When someone rats out a member of the mafia, that person and his family members can be killed anywhere by anyone.

Laws

• Omerta – when a child learns to speak, he also learns to remain silent.
• Vendetta – violators of the principle of mutual responsibility are punishable by blood feud.

10 commandments of Cosa Nostra

1. No one can independently approach and introduce themselves to a member of the mafia. Only a third person can introduce you and introduce you.
2. You shouldn't look at your friends' wives.
3. You should not be seen in the company of police officers.
4. You should not visit clubs and bars.
5. A member of the mafia must always be at her disposal (even if his wife gives birth).
6. You should always arrive on time for your appointments.
7. Wives must be treated with respect.
8. When a Mafia member gives any information, it must be true.
9. It is prohibited to embezzle money from other mafia members or their relatives.
10. A person whose relative works in the police, behaves immorally and badly, or cheats on his or her spouse cannot be a member of the mafia.

25 rules of Cosa Nostra

1. Even a leader shouldn’t be afraid to get his hands dirty. You should not entrust subordinates with work that you yourself cannot do.
2. A little luck is better than a lot of wisdom.
3. The more you open up to your enemy, the more opportunities he has to destroy you.
4. Cash is always cash. Money rustling in your pocket is always safer than checks and plastic cards.
5. Never tell everything you know. Discover only 75-95% of what you know. The remaining 5-25% can protect you.
6. You should not make decisions in anger. Anger is an animal instinct, but not logic. When making a decision, the head must be clear - this is evidence of intelligence and caution.
7. A man is worth nothing without his word. It should be like a rock. If you promise something, you must fulfill it.
8. Keep your mouth shut. If you had to lie, say little. If you don't know what to say, it's better to remain silent. The more you say, the more you disarm yourself. When your mouth is closed, others make mistakes.
9. Don't stand on open space, if you don't want to catch the enemy's bullet. Avoid being squeezed into a corner.
10. When you can't win by the rules, change the rules or don't be afraid to break them.
11. There is no forgiveness for betrayal.
12. Respect for the enemy is good, but fear is much better. Fear will stop the enemy faster than the desire to respect you.
13. There is always an opportunity to change a woman's anger to affection if she gives you a diamond ring.
14. Behind every great man stands great woman. Only wise woman can provide stability that will help a man become great.
15. There is nothing eternal in the world.
16. Don't tip people who aren't looking to get them.
17. If you get involved in a conflict, always attack first. If your blow is powerful enough, it will be the first and last blow in the war.
18. If you want peace, prepare for war. You should always be prepared for the worst, even if you don't expect anything bad.
19. If you are not careful, find yourself a priest. You are doomed anyway, and your wife will become a widow.
20. When in doubt, trust your instincts - they are more likely to help than harm.
21. Man proposes, but God disposes.
22. Keep your friends close to you and your enemies closer. Introduce informants to your enemies to know about all their actions, weaknesses and intentions.
23. Even the best laid plans fail. Be patient and be prepared to get less. This way you will avoid disappointments.
24. To make money, you need to invest it somewhere. Don't be afraid to spend money if it promises you profit.
25. Happy will be the one who first suffers humiliation from others, but then gets the opportunity for sweet revenge. People too often forget their humiliations. Raise the stakes and then you will have no choice but to take revenge.

Iron decisions in iron deadlines. Iron business is iron service.

Therefore, initially, when the mafia appeared in the USA in particular, in the local underworld the Italians were perceived with a degree of irony, because They were engaged in petty robbery and racketeering, which was usual for them in Italy, without any special aspirations to control large business structures. At the time, major American cities were largely dominated by Jewish and Irish criminal gangs.

However, almost unquestioning loyalty to the code of honor - omerta, immediate vendetta (blood feud) against family offenders, discipline and loyalty to the family and incredible cruelty allowed Italian groups to quickly take leading roles in the American underworld.

Seize and control almost all areas of business, bribe most of the country's largest judges and officials. To kill competition in many industries, for example, the “twin towers” ​​were forced to pay a waste removal company controlled by the Italians 1 million 100 thousand dollars a year (in those years this was a huge amount). Moreover, the mafiosi did not do any intimidation, they simply did not allow other companies to enter this market, this company was the only such company in the New York market!

Gambino mafia family

Loyalty to tradition in the Italian mafia

Loyalty to tradition left its bright imprint on the criminal code of honor, since for the most part all family members were exemplary family men and cases of betrayal were quite rare, even despite the fact that the mafia controlled almost all entertainment businesses: prostitution, gambling, alcohol and cigarettes. Cheating on one's wife was perceived by the family as a slap in the face and was brutally suppressed. Of course, in the modern age everything has changed a lot, but this tradition lasted for quite a long time. Showing attention to the wives of friends and family members was strictly taboo.

Due to the fact that the profession of mafia members was accompanied by a certain risk to life, each family member knew perfectly well that in the event of his death, his family would be taken care of financially no worse than when he was alive.

Long years of oppression of the Sicilians by an aggressive government have led to the fact that the word “policeman” can still get you a slap in the face in Sicily. One of the most important points of omerta is the complete lack of contact with the police, much less cooperation with them. A person will never be accepted into a family if his close relative serves in the police; even appearing on the street in the company of police officers was punishable, sometimes at the highest standard - death.

This tradition allowed the mafia to exist for a very long time without any problems with the US government. The US government did not recognize the existence of the Italian mafia until the mid-20th century, due to insufficient information about the structure and extent of penetration of organized crime into business and politics.

Mafia clans in the USA

Alcoholism and drug addiction were considered a vice, but despite the ban, many family members were addicted to both, one of the least observed laws of omerta, but family members who drank and stabbed themselves, as a rule, did not live long and died at the hands of their own comrades.

No person can enter the family by introducing himself as a capo or mafia don; the only way to get into the family is the recommendation of a family member and his willingness to introduce you to the family. There are no other ways.

Strict punctuality; you must not be late for any meeting; this is considered bad manners. The same rule includes showing respect for any meetings, including meetings with enemies. There should be no killings during them. One of the reasons that numerous wars between various families and clans of the Italian mafia quickly subsided, at meetings a truce was declared and often the dons of the families found a common language and solved the accumulated problems.

When talking with any family member, even the smallest lie is considered a betrayal, the duty of each family member in response to a question is to tell the truth, no matter what it is, naturally the rule applies only to members of one criminal group. The strictness of execution, in fact, was monitored at the lower levels of the hierarchical structure; naturally, in the upper layers of the hierarchy, lies and betrayal existed right up to the murder by the right hand of the head of the family.

Do not lead an idle lifestyle, full compliance with moral principles

No family member had the right to engage in looting and robbery without the approval of the boss or capo. Visiting places of entertainment without necessity or direct instructions was strictly prohibited. The law also allowed the mafia to remain in the shadows, because an intoxicated family member could blurt out a lot of things, where this information could cause significant damage to the family.

Appropriating other people's money without any instructions from the head of the family was a strict taboo. From childhood, young men were brought up within the framework of the laws of devotion to the family, that it is a great shame to be an outcast, that without a family a person’s life has no meaning. In this regard, in the circles of the Italian mafia, “lone wolves” were very, very rarely encountered, and if they were encountered, they did not live long; such behavior was punishable by immediate death.

Vendetta - blood feud

As justice for failure to comply with the laws of omerta, a vendetta awaited the violator, which in different clans could be accompanied by various rituals. By the way, blood feud against both a family member and any other offender or enemy of the family had to be quick and without unnecessary torment for the victim, such as: a shot in the head or heart, a wound with a knife in the heart, etc. Those. the victim did not have to suffer all according to the “Christian” canons, however, after death, the victim’s body could already be treated barbarously and with considerable cruelty to intimidate the enemy or educate other family members.

There were also different traditions in different clans: for excessive talkativeness, a cobblestone was inserted into the corpse’s mouth; for adultery, a rose was placed on the body; a wallet with a thorn placed on the victim’s body meant that the murdered person had embezzled other people’s money. You can hear a lot of different fables about this; now it’s difficult to discern where the truth is and where the lie is.

An interesting fact is that the laws of omerta fell into the hands of the police and journalists only in 2007, during the arrest of Salvatore La Piccola, one of the bosses of Cosa Nostra; they were found among the documents found during the search and poetically called in the press “10 Commandments of Cosa Nostra”. Until this moment, no documentary evidence of the rules of the code of honor of the Italian mafiosi existed, so secretly was the criminal network organized.

It's not surprising that such organizational structure took root throughout all countries of Europe, Northern and South America, but oddly enough the only one European country where the Italian mafia does not have any serious influence is Russia and the countries of the former USSR. It is difficult to imagine what this is connected with, including the absence of emigrants of Italian origin, the language barrier and slightly different moral standards of the local population, and a fairly strong local criminal network.