How is the required temperature maintained in a Russian bath? What temperature should be in the steam room – from optimal to maximum

Classic Russian bathhouse and the Finnish sauna is heaven and earth, and all because the air humidity in the bath is much higher and due to this a lower temperature is required. The norm for a steam room is considered to be air humidity of about 80-90% when it becomes heavy, hot and “gray-haired”, but the room temperature rarely exceeds 60?C-70?C.

Such high and very healing humidity for the body is maintained by pouring water over hot stones, and the air temperature in the steam room is regulated even more simply by opening and closing the door.

Although such high humidity is difficult for the body to tolerate, it promotes very deep, thorough heating of the entire body, all its joints and organs. Aromatic oils and herbal decoctions falling on hot stones form air rich in ethers, which, when inhaled, heals the entire body. Bathing with brooms is a kind of massage, which, by warming up the body, becomes even more useful and effective, and during the steaming process, the pores open, blood circulation improves, toxins are removed and all the muscles of the body relax.

Temperature and humidity in a Finnish sauna

Finnish sauna refers to dry air, i.e. it is characterized by low humidity with very high temperatures ah air. Therefore, the sauna can be heated even up to 130? C, however, only experienced sauna connoisseurs can withstand such “hellish” heat. The statistically average and most acceptable temperature for most visitors is considered to be from 70°C to 110°C, and its golden mean is 90 degrees Celsius. At such a high temperature, the humidity in the Finnish sauna room is no more than 10-15%. Even children and the elderly can tolerate this temperature quite comfortably.

Due to low humidity, air heating up to 110-120? C human body tolerates it quite easily, although steam lovers often note dryness of the mucous membranes and respiratory tract, as well as a burning sensation in the nasal cavity.

If you feel that it has become too hot, go down to the bottom shelf and temporarily open the door to let out hot air and reduce the temperature in the room.

Temperature and humidity in a Turkish hammam

A hammam is a cross between a Russian bathhouse and a sauna, but it is still closer to a steam room. There is almost 100% humidity, but the temperature rarely exceeds 50 degrees Celsius. The dense and dense steam in a Turkish bath is very easy to tolerate, and in combination with a pleasant temperature allows you to stay indoors long time and it’s not particularly tiring – that’s why women love the hammam so much.

If the sauna heats up very quickly, then the Russian bathhouse needs to be heated properly, for at least 6 hours, gradually increasing the temperature. And only when the stones are sufficiently hot, and the room is dried and warmed up, can you make steam. Another important point– in a bathhouse or sauna it is better to lie down or sit, change body position, incl. You need to get up gradually, slowly.

Please note that you should not visit the bathhouse or sauna in the following cases:

• for cardiovascular diseases;
• for hypertension;
• for skin diseases;
• at a temperature;
• in case of aggravated chronic diseases;
• for diseases of the central nervous system;
• during menstruation.

Visit to the bathhouse is an art made up of little things that everyone should know.

Many people like to visit the steam room. But in order to relax, get positive result from the procedure, and at the same time not harm your health, you need to know what optimal temperature in the bath. It is also necessary to take into account the degree of air humidity and the quality of steam.

Types of baths

The human body feels heat more strongly with high air humidity. IN different types The microclimate of bathhouse buildings is different, so it won’t hurt to understand their features, as well as find out how best to steam. Let's look at the main types of baths that are popular.

When figuring out how many degrees the bath should be, take into account the type of steam room:

1. Russian bath. The air here has high humidity, but the heat is insignificant. To regulate the humidity in the steam room, water is poured onto the hot stones that are heated in the oven. The higher it is, the more difficult it is for the body to cope with such a microclimate. The temperature in a Russian steam bath reaches 60-70 degrees with a humidity of 90%. But high humidity has its own advantages, for example, a person’s muscles and joints warm up efficiently, internal organs. In the Russian version of the bathhouse, it is also customary to use brooms, which are like a massager. When visiting a steam room, blood circulation improves, the pores on the skin open, muscles relax and, as a result, harmful metabolic substances are eliminated.
2. Turkish bath. It will be interesting to know how many degrees there are in the hammam. The temperature and air there are noticeably different from the conditions in a Russian bathhouse. The body gets tired here less, and the atmosphere is better tolerated. The air warms up to 50 degrees, and the humidity reaches 100%. Despite the lack of intense heat, the steam is thick. You can stay in such a bathhouse for a longer time compared to a Russian wood-burning bathhouse.
3. Finnish sauna. In this place, the air humidity is noticeably lower than in other types of baths. The temperature remains high and the air is dry. This atmosphere is not well received by everyone - dry mouth appears, and a burning sensation occurs in the nose. Temperatures average close to 90 degrees, but can sometimes even exceed 110 degrees, and humidity is only 10-15%.

The effect of heat on the human body

As blood circulation accelerates, pressure rises. The bath is useful for people who suffer from blood stagnation in the extremities. However, for those who have problems with the heart and blood vessels, the steam room can be harmful.

But some diseases can, if not get rid of, then significantly alleviate their course, provided that you regularly take procedures in the steam room.

These include:

• frequent colds;
• obesity;
• allergy;
• circulatory disorders.

Temperature and humidity

The bathhouse consists of three zones: a locker room, a dressing room and a steam room. In the first of them, the temperature is about 25 degrees and the humidity is 60%, in the dressing room it is 27-29 degrees and 80%, respectively. The temperature in the steam room of a Russian bath is 50-90 degrees, humidity is approximately 70%. The degrees increase gradually and the body has time to get used to the heat. The water in the reservoir should be cool, in the range of 10-25 degrees, so that the contrast with the steam can be felt.

A study was conducted to find out what temperature and how long the body can withstand.

According to it, they came to the conclusion that the higher the temperature, the less time the visitor can be present in the steam room:

• 71 degrees – 60 minutes;
• 82 degrees – 49 minutes;
• 93 degrees – 33 minutes;
• 104 degrees – 26 minutes.

In the sauna and bathhouse, it is imperative to monitor the temperature and air humidity. For this purpose, appropriate devices are installed in the room. If there is not enough humidity, you can pour water on the stones; when there is a lot of it, open the door slightly. When it gets hot, it is recommended to sit further from the stove and, preferably, on the lower shelf.

When the humidity level is between 90-100%, the temperature should not be more than 70 degrees. If the steam room is visited by elderly people or those in poor health, it is recommended not to exceed 55 degrees. This is the maximum temperature in the bathhouse for them. At low humidity levels this parameter may be higher. More intense sweating occurs in dry, hot air.

How to visit the bathhouse

Having found out what temperature should be in the steam room of the bath, you need to pay attention to how to properly attend the procedures. First of all, this needs to be done regularly, not occasionally.

1. A person visiting the steam room for the first time should not stay in it for more than 5 minutes. There is no need to use brooms right away. When no problems arose during the first visit, gradually, each time, the time of stay can be increased by a couple of minutes.
2. Those who often visit the bathhouse know that it is highly undesirable to stay in the steam room for more than half an hour. But this does not mean that you need to sit until the end - if you feel uncomfortable, you should leave it.
3. You should not stand in the bathhouse, as you can get heatstroke. The position of the body should be such that favorable conditions are created for the outflow of lymph - you need to lie with your legs elevated. Thanks to this, the load on the heart is reduced. If it is impossible to lie down, it is recommended to sit so that your legs are at the level of your torso.
4. To warm up the body, you should change postures. You only need to breathe through your nose.
5. There is no need to stand up suddenly, as you may lose your balance and fall.
6. Regardless of the temperature of the Russian bath, you are allowed to enter the steam room 3-4 times. Moreover, after each visit, the time spent in it or the locker room should increase.
7. Between visits to the steam room, contrasting procedures are needed. It is better to start tapping with brooms after the second visit to the steam room.
8. When the body warms up, you can do a massage. But before this, it is not advisable to go into other rooms or drink cold drinks. After completing the massage, take a warm shower and wash.
9. The visit to the bathhouse ends after the body has dried and cooled down - there is no need to immediately go outside.

Besides:

• visit the steam room at least 1.5 hours after eating;
• no need to steam at high temperatures or when you feel unwell;
• no smoking;
• You should remove metal objects from yourself to avoid burns;
• no need to wash your hair in the steam room;
• you need to remain calm and not do sudden movements;
• you cannot go to the bathhouse on an empty stomach and drink alcohol;
• Before going outside, you should cool down and rest;
• You should use a broom only on a steamed body;
• You need to wash only after the steam room;
• when visiting the steam room, do not immediately lie down on the top shelf;
• You don't need to create a lot of steam on your first run.

You need to take bath accessories with you:

• sheet and towel;
• soap and shampoo;
• brooms;
• head cap and slippers;
• robe;
• comb
• drinking water.

Arrangement of ventilation and thermal insulation

The level of heat and its preservation depend on how well the thermal insulation is done and how the bathhouse is built. To keep the heat longer, a heat insulator is placed between the walls during construction. Only then can the optimal temperature for a Russian bath be maintained.

The steam room must be built in such a way that heat cannot escape. For this purpose, the doors are made low and the thresholds high. It is better to place the stove near the door, then the steam room will warm up evenly. To keep the floor surface warm, the floor covering is laid in several layers.

Ventilation in the sauna is needed to maintain equal pressure inside and outside. As for the Russian version of the bathhouse, the air pressure in it is increased, so steam must be supplied carefully so that the doors do not blow out. A bathhouse with high humidity leaves condensation on all surfaces, so dry cleaning and long-term ventilation are required after visiting.

Table of contents:

Proven: heat and steam heals

Do you like bath treatments? Do you know what temperature in the bathhouse is best for relaxing and enjoying? And you also need to take into account air humidity, as well as the presence of steam. The higher the humidity in the steam room, the more heat a person feels.

Temperature and humidity in various types baths can vary greatly.

1. Russian bath. The air in them has high humidity and a low level of heat. The humidity in the steam room is regulated by pouring water onto hot stones that heat up in the stove. The higher the air humidity, the worse the body tolerates it. The optimal temperature for a Russian bath is 60-70 degrees Celsius, and air humidity is 90%. High humidity in the room also has its advantages: the body warms up completely, including all internal organs and joints. Traditionally, brooms are used. They play the role of a kind of massager. It is known that massage is more beneficial if the body is already warmed up. During the steaming process in a Russian bath, blood circulation increases, pores open, muscles relax, and toxins are released through sweat.
2. Turkish bath. The air and temperature are very different from the conditions in Russian. Women like it more because it does not tire the body and is better tolerated. The air temperature here is no higher than 50 °C, and the humidity is almost 100%. The steam in the Turkish bath is very thick, despite low level heat. You can sit in it longer than in a Russian one.
3. .The air humidity in Finnish saunas is much lower than in other saunas. The air is dry and the temperature is rising. Not everyone takes such indicators lightly. Discomfort comes from dry mouth, a burning sensation in the nose when breathing hot, dry air. average temperature in a Finnish sauna – 70-110 degrees Celsius, and maybe higher. Air humidity is only 10-15%.

How does heat affect the body?

When a person takes bath procedures, his whole body temperature rises. In the first 5-10 minutes, only the skin is heated, in the next 10 - all internal organs. In order for the sweating process to proceed properly, you should periodically wipe away the sweat.

For health - go to the bathhouse!

When blood circulates faster, blood pressure rises. The legs and arms are filled with warmth, so such procedures are useful for stagnation of blood in the extremities. But people who have problems with cardiovascular system and blood pressure, visiting a steam room can be harmful.

It is contraindicated to take such procedures for patients suffering from cancer, epilepsy, asthma, ischemia and brain diseases. Regular visits to the steam room and compliance with certain rules help get rid of some ailments:

• Obesity
• Colds
• Allergies
• Circulation problems
• Temperature increase

Temperature increase

There are always three sections in the room: a locker room, a dressing room, and a steam room. Each next one is hotter than the previous one. The temperature difference in the first room compared to the last is approximately 40 degrees Celsius. In the locker room - 23-25 ​​° C with a humidity of 60%, in the dressing room - 27-29 ° C, humidity - 80%, and even higher in the steam room - 50-90 degrees with a humidity of 70%. The heat rises gradually so that the body gradually gets used to the heat. The water in the pool should not be hot. It is advisable that it be cool, 10-25 degrees Celsius, creating a contrast after the hot steam.

Scientists conducted research: what level of heat is dry air and how long the human body can withstand. They concluded: the higher the temperature, the less time a person can spend in the steam room:

• 71 °C – 1 hour
• 82 °C – 49 minutes
• 93 °C – 33 minutes
• 104 °C – 26 minutes

A person can breathe at 116 degrees Celsius, although there have been cases where people have endured temperatures of 130 degrees or higher. High temperatures of water and air have different effects on the human body. The more a person hardens, the easier it is for him to adapt to environmental changes.

You need to monitor the temperature and humidity in the bathhouse or sauna. To do this, there must be instruments in the room that measure these readings. If there is little moisture, you can pour water on the stones; if there is a lot, open the door slightly. When a person feels that he is hot, it is better to move to the lower shelf and away from the stove.

With a humidity of 90-100%, the heat should not be higher than 70 degrees Celsius, but for elderly and physically weak people 45-55 degrees is enough. When humidity is low, heat levels can be high. Sweat is produced more intensely when the air is drier.

First visits

If you are going to visit the steam room, then you should do it regularly, and not from time to time. The human body benefits from constant procedures that promote sweating. For beginners, there are several rules that will help make bath procedures comfortable.

You need to prepare properly for the bath

1. A person who comes to the bathhouse for the first time is not recommended to stay in the steam room for more than 5 minutes. There is no need to use brooms right away. If the first visit went without problems, the next time the time spent in the steam room can be gradually increased by 1-2 minutes.
2. Fans of bath procedures know that you need to steam for no more than 30-35 minutes at a time. But the procedure is not determined by time: if a person feels unwell, he needs to leave the steam room.
3. It is not recommended to stand in a Russian bath or sauna: you can get heatstroke. The position should be such that it promotes the outflow of lymph, that is, it is better to lie with your legs elevated. This reduces the load on the heart. If you can’t lie down, sit so that your legs are at the level of your torso.
4. To warm up the whole body, it is good to change positions: on one side, on the other, on the back, on the stomach. You only need to breathe through your nose - it regulates the temperature of the air you breathe: hot air cools, and dry air moisturizes.
5. You cannot suddenly stand up in the sauna - there is a risk of losing your balance and falling. It is necessary to prepare for the exit gradually.
6. To make sweating more effective, you can drink a little warm tea or a vitamin drink.
7. You can enter the steam room 3-4 times during one visit. However, after each session it is necessary to increase the rest time in the locker room or dressing room.
8. Between visits to the steam room, contrasting procedures should be taken. After the second pass, you can start patting with brooms.
9. Massage is beneficial for a warm body. Before it, you should not drink cold drinks or go into cool rooms. Self-massage takes 15 minutes, and a specialist will spend 25-35 minutes with you. After this, you need to take a warm shower and wash.
10. You should get dressed only after your body has dried and cooled down. After a swimming pool or a cool shower, you cannot go outside. The body should be warm and rested.

21.01.2013

The main difference between a bathhouse and a sauna is temperature regime. There are several types of baths - dry air (sauna), wet (public steam room) and Russian steam bath. The Russian steam room has high air humidity (40-70%), and the optimal temperature in the steam room is 50-60º C.

Good sauna - hot steam

The air humidity in the steam room and outside is almost the same. The Russian bath has a gentle effect on the human body. The ideal ratio of temperature and humidity in a Russian steam room is obtained when the heat-intensive heater is made of brick. It is believed that even if you line a metal stove with stone, there will be no such effect.

Steaming in a Russian bath

In order to maintain the required temperature in the steam room, the heater must be located in this room. This option is also allowed when the stove is heated from the rest room, and the remaining three walls are located in the steam room. Quite often this is how the heater is placed in the bathhouse. It will be impossible to obtain the optimal temperature if the stove is not planned correctly, when only one wall of the heater opens into the steam room.

In order for the steam in the bath to be “light”, you need to be a master of the bath business. When the stones are not heated, and small droplets of water are felt in the air, the steam will be “heavy,” while it should be close to saturated in all respects. This is achieved by heating the stones in a closed oven. The door is opened only to add water. In a Russian bath, steam is created independently, that is, it is extracted from the stove.

The stove is the heart of the Russian bath

Vapor is the gaseous state of a substance. When it is only in a gaseous state, the vapor is dry and saturated. Wet saturated steam is produced when the substance is in a two-phase state. This occurs when dry saturated steam and boiling liquid are combined.

Heater for Russian bath

Such optimal humidity and temperature indicators can be achieved at home and in the bathroom, but the resulting steam will be harmful to the human body. If you inhale heavy steam, you may even get burned. Some people, trying to get the desired temperature in the steam room, do not take into account the importance of obtaining dry steam.

Insulation of the ceiling in the bathhouse

Undesirable in a Russian bath. When the stones heat up to 200-250 degrees, the air overheats. In a Russian bath, getting “light steam” is very important. That is why they choose those stoves whose stones are closed. Only with such a stove design can good steam be produced.

The bath relieves fatigue, trains breathing, stimulates the heart, hardens and improves the health of the body as a whole. However, we must not forget that exposure to high temperatures and humidity is a kind of shock for the body. As the temperature rises, the skin warms up in the first minutes. After this, the temperature of all internal organs increases.

In a Russian bathhouse, steam is extracted from the stove by throwing water on the stones. The liquid particles become smaller, and the steam is not scalding, but pleasant, and the body easily tolerates it. Making good steam requires skill and concentration. The conditions in the sauna are stable throughout the entire time you are there.

In a Russian steam room, on the contrary, conditions are constantly changing. You can’t just lie in it, but you have to perform some actions. It is necessary to add and release steam, as well as perform other actions. Therefore, a Russian bath requires knowledge and the ability to steam, as well as more time. You need to invest not only your mind, but also your soul into the soaring process. The oven door is opened only to add water to the stones. The stove that is installed in the bathhouse must have minimal heat transfer from the walls.

Interior of a Russian bathhouse

In a Russian steam room, ventilation is also important. There is excess pressure in such a bath. The steam that comes out of the oven rises and collects under the ceiling. Steam is made in different ways. Some cover it with sheets, towels, and fans. Sometimes those steaming themselves wave their brooms.

The steam that rises settles on the wood. Since the wood is cold, condensation occurs. The tree first absorbs moisture, and then a film (1-3 mm) appears on it. A steam bag or pocket is formed. Experts say that it should be 2.4-2.5 meters tall. A threshold is also required to prevent steam from escaping. A low door is made in the bathhouse so that steam does not penetrate from the steam pocket.

In order to store steam in a pocket under the ceiling, it must be impenetrable to steam and have sufficient heat capacity. This ceiling is made as follows. First, reflective thermal insulation (penofol) is attached to the floor beams. Then a board is installed that will absorb steam, thereby preventing it from escaping. Such a board is called moisture-accumulating. Its thickness is about 40-50 mm.

Such a ceiling is covered, and high-strength wrapping paper (kraft paper) is laid on top and everything is filled with clay-sand mortar. The thickness of such a layer is usually 30-50 mm. After this, the insulation is covered; its thickness should be at least 150 mm. The next layer is a windproof film. In order for the temperature in the bath to be maintained, it is necessary to make the ceiling correctly. The walls do not play a big role in the bathhouse. Although, if desired, you can insulate the walls or cover them with wooden clapboard.

Thermometer and hygrometer for steam room

A special stainless steel fan on a wooden handle, which looks like an oval loop, is used to release steam. Fabric is usually stretched over it. Move the steam to the closed door when everyone is already in the bathhouse, so as not to lose some of the steam.

When preparing steam, one pours water on the stones, and the other disperses the air with a fan. They stop pouring water when there is already enough steam in the bathhouse. For this reason, they do not make the ceiling in the bathhouse low so that there is steam reserve. In addition to steam, there should be enough air in the bathhouse.

In order for the bathhouse to be pleasant and easy to breathe, the air must be infused. Water is poured onto the hot stones. The steam, mixing with the air of the steam room, interacts with it, and the result is good and easy breathing.

You can also lie downstairs in the bathhouse. A hovering broom can release steam. A Russian bathhouse must take a long time to prepare and “stand.” Over the course of six to seven hours, the temperature should gradually rise. During this time, the stones are heated to the required temperature, and after that you can begin bathing procedures.

The sauna must be well and correctly built so that it can be easily heated and the stove can be lit. It is necessary to take into account that the recommended dimensions of the steam room are approximately 2.5x2.5x2.5. It is not recommended to plan smaller sizes. Typically, in a family bathhouse, 3-4 people take bath procedures at the same time. The stove is located closer to the door. There should be a distance of 70-80 cm between the stove and the wall. In this place you can place basins, brooms, and also put benches.

Biometric thermometers and alcohol thermometers are installed in the steam room, but it is not recommended to use mercury thermometers. After a broken mercury thermometer, the steam room will be completely unusable. Of course, there is a special way of collecting mercury and reusable treatment of the room (demercusation), but this is a very lengthy and expensive process.

Modern interior of a Russian bath

In a Russian steam room, you need to decide on the power of the unit. This is important to ensure that the temperature in the steam room is comfortable. Wood-burning heaters are the leaders among sauna stoves. There are a lot of choices on the market nowadays. Buyers pay attention to such parameters as the dimensions and stylish design of the equipment. Need to study carefully specifications units. For a Russian bath, the most common stove is a double-walled steel stove, which has both a firebox and a casing.

Having lit the stove, the steam room is heated until the temperature at the shelf level is 55º-60º C. After this, steam begins to be extracted into the room. Then they pour water on the stones three times, observing intervals. Experienced steamers know what needs to be done to eliminate unpleasant odors in the steam room. First, pour a mixture of vinegar and water (0.5 liters) onto the stones. The air becomes light and pleasant. A similar procedure is carried out 2 more times, with an interval of 15 minutes, and the air “reaches”. At the same time, they make circular movements, thus mixing steam and air. Deep, fragrant and warm steam envelops you after the third steaming.

Straw is spread on wooden grates. Branches of fir, juniper, spruce are placed on shelves. You can splash mint infusion on the stones, and a medicinal infusion of birch and thyme on the walls. Bath procedures finished with brooms, which are pre-soaked in a vat of ice water. They lie down on the shelves and put one broom under their head, shaking off the liquid from it, and a second one on their face. The body basks under the hot steam, while the soul enjoys the coolness. You can take turns taking out different brooms - oak, linden, and so on. To do this, you don’t even have to get up from the shelf, but just reach out and take a cold broom out of the vat.

Make two or three visits to the bathhouse. In order to warm up the body well, the broom is periodically lifted up and shaken. After a good sweat, you can take a dip in the ice hole. After this, the body perceives 70º C, and even all 90º C. In the end, you can relax at 60 degrees. On final stage massage the body with birch brooms and soap foam.

Interior of a steam room in a bathhouse

The heat that is created in the steam room should not burn, but only gently envelop the body. The intensity of the heat depends on where the stove is located and what material it is made of. The maturation time in each bath is individual. For cladding baths, different types of wood are used, which have different characteristics. Uniform heating of both surfaces and air creates comfort and contributes to the saturation with pleasant aromas of herbs. In this case, comfortable sensations appear gradually while the person is in the bathhouse. The warmth becomes more pleasant every minute.

The speed of air movement affects the microclimate in the bathhouse. If the air is still, the evaporation on the body is minimal. When they begin to make whipping movements with a broom, they also increase the evaporation. As the body heats up and sweats more, feelings of discomfort may occur.

• heat the stove. The temperature is chosen individually, and procedures begin at 40-45 degrees;
• Having entered the bathhouse, you need to sit down and relax;
• depending on preferences, stay in the bath for 20-30 minutes, or make 3-5 visits;
• the first time, spray water (5-7 liters) on the walls, but not on the heater;
• the optimal temperature in the bath is created for a certain humidity;
• you need to rest after the second run.
• having entered for the third time, pour water onto the ceiling (2-3 liters), then you need to open the heater and warm up the moist air a little. After this, only 50-100 grams of water are poured onto the stones.

Compared to a sauna, the temperature regime in a bathhouse is characterized by increased air humidity. You can increase the humidity and temperature for a short time by watering the stones in the steam room. Gas furnaces are used to heat stones. These are large structures that must accumulate heat. Moreover, this heat should be enough for a long time of operation of the public steam room.

Wet steam in a Russian bath

Over such a long period of operation of the bathhouse, the temperature may vary at certain hours. For example, in the morning the furnace walls reach 100 degrees, and the stones are very hot. Opening the door to the steam room, the steamer feels intense warmth. During these hours, the ceiling and walls of the steam room become very hot, so in the bath it will be more reminiscent of a sauna. In the evening, on the contrary, the walls of the oven and the stones cool down. This is also bad for a Russian bath.

The most best temperature for a Russian steam room - 60 degrees, and the walls of the oven should not exceed a temperature of 90 degrees. Otherwise, the oven will overheat the steam room.

There are two circuits. The first is internal high-temperature, the second is external low-temperature. The material from which the internal contour is made is fire-resistant fireclay brick. The outer contour is made of red brick. The air gap reduces heat radiation and prevents the walls of the heater from overheating.

The temperature of the outer surface of the oven can be adjusted by opening the circulation doors. The required number of stones is determined by calculations, and on their basis the thermal balance of the steam room is compiled.

In order to preserve the heat accumulated by the stove, it is necessary that the stones warm up strongly, but at the same time, evenly. Therefore, a bell-type mode is used to heat the stones. In this mode, not only the required warm-up time is reduced, but also gas consumption.

The firebox of the optimally sized furnace has divided combustion arches. This design of the firebox protects the supporting arch from overheating. You can also make repairs without disassembling the entire oven. The firebox is not connected to the walls of the thermal chamber, therefore it is protected from the formation of cracks.

There are bath lovers who prefer temperatures over 100 degrees. Especially for them, it is possible to regulate the heating of the steam room, that is, to create conditions close to the sauna regime.

There are two ways to do this:

1. In order to free access to the firebox, open the door of the firebox window. The heat is radiated into the steam room and the temperature rises.
2. The water supply door opens, and then the air valves open.

How to take a steam bath correctly

Stove designers have provided for the possibility of creating a normal temperature regime in a Russian bath. This is a very important point so that you can heat the steam room without the walls of the stove heating up. Thanks to this, you can create an optimal temperature in a Russian bath and regularly maintain it at the desired level.

With light steam in a bathhouse (for example, with a humidity level of 80%), the following happens: the mass of water breaks up into small drops. With heavy steam, for example, the humidity is 30%, water molecules stick together into one drop. This process in the field of physics is called the degree of water dispersion, or steam humidity. Some people confuse this concept with air humidity, but this is incorrect.

We can conclude that the higher the temperature in the bathhouse rises, and evaporation occurs from a large surface, the more dispersed the steam is. This kind of steam is called light. Simultaneously with evaporation, another process occurs in the bath - condensation.

You can measure the temperature in the bath using a regular glass capillary thermometer. In a bathhouse, for example, the temperature is 40 degrees, the thermometer shows the same value. If you understand that a thermometer simulates the temperature of a person’s body, you can conduct an experiment. To do this, wet the thermometer; the readings will begin to gradually decrease. This will indicate that the temperature of the human body will also decrease.

In meteorology, the concept of a wet thermometer (an ordinary thermometer wrapped in a damp cotton swab) has long existed. On a dry bulb thermometer you can see the temperature in the steam room. What temperature will it tend to? human body, shows a wet thermometer.

It is very simple to explain why a thermometer shows different temperatures. When there is moisture on the surface of a body (living or nonliving), it evaporates. The evaporation of the liquid causes the object to cool. The concept of a wet bulb thermometer is very important in meteorology. It is absolutely clear that when talking about the temperature in the bathhouse, it is necessary to mention the humidity.

A person must adapt to each bath. Steam room lovers believe that the nature of the bathhouse is known better not by the builder, but by the bath attendant himself. It will still need to be studied. A Russian bathhouse must not only be built, but also ensure that steam is created in it. They say that no two Russian baths are alike, but a truly Russian person will adapt and make a good steam, even in a not very good steam room.

Russian bath - a font of health

Conclusion!

The temperature in the bathhouse is influenced by a number of factors. What is important is the temperature in the steam room, humidity and speed of air movement. Thermal radiation from the furnace and its intensity are no less important. The design of the heater, bathhouse and a number of other factors influence climatic parameters.

The temperature in the Russian bath should be comfortable for the procedures.

The variety of baths allows a person to make a choice in favor of one or several health procedures. It all depends on health and preferences. For those who are building a structure on the site, you need to know what temperature should be in a bathhouse of any type. Let's get acquainted with the indicators.

For convenience, it is better to place a thermometer in any steam room.

In Russia there are more adherents of the traditional Russian bathhouse, which is famous for its healing properties. But the bathhouse is not always built or used correctly. It seems that the rules for choosing material for the log house have been taken into account, the stove has been installed, the interior decoration has been done, but there is no feeling of complete satisfaction after leaving the steam room. This is due to the incorrect ratio of heat and humidity in the bath. According to traditional concepts, the bathhouse is divided into three compartments:

• The dressing room is a place for undressing and rest; equipped with benches, a tea table, hangers, shelves. The room temperature is the lowest, comfortable for relaxation.
• A washroom is a place where people wash, apply products to the body and hair, and carry out various procedures. The temperature is higher than in the waiting room. Humidity within 50%. Equipped with benches, there is a window.
• The steam room is the place of the main actions for steaming the body. Here, toxins come out along with sweat, the skin and internal organs, bones, and joints receive maximum heating. The temperature is the highest - up to 70%. But the humidity should also be high - 80–90%, so as not to burn your breath. They are equipped with sun loungers and a heater with a hole for steam, which is obtained by splashing water on the stones. Do not wash your hair before visiting the steam room to avoid heatstroke.

Often the last two compartments are combined into one to save space. Then the air is heated gradually. Stay in it for no longer than 30 minutes if you are an experienced bathhouse attendant. A beginner should get used to hot, moist steam gradually, starting from 5–10 minutes.

More information about how to take a steam bath is described in the video:

The optimal temperature and humidity in a Russian bath is created gradually. There is a correct ritual for visiting a bathhouse:

1. After the bath has been completely heated, the first run should be short and dry. The skin will steam at low humidity and temperature. Rest.
2. On the second pass, add steam by splashing water on the hot stones. Hot steam rises to the ceiling. Take the correct position - lie on the shelves or sit with your legs raised to body level. The temperature is lowest at the bottom. If you don't raise your legs, your body will warm up incorrectly, which will put a lot of stress on your heart.
3. When the temperature and humidity become familiar, start manipulating with brooms. Don’t overdo it, go to the dressing room in time to rest and cool down.
4. You can enter the steam room several times, adjusting the humidity and temperature, adding water to the stones or opening the doors for ventilation.

Sometimes even in a good Russian bath it is cold or the air is damp and heavy. This can be adjusted gradually by trying different steam and humidity settings. But do not exceed the regime: temperature no higher than 70 0, humidity within 30–70%. Monitor the parameters using special devices or according to your feelings when relaxation occurs.

Temperature and humidity in a Finnish sauna

The Finnish sauna is comfortable in terms of humidity and temperature for procedures.

There are many adherents of foreign types of baths. The Finnish sauna is in demand. It is built separately, like a Russian bathhouse, or an area is allocated in a residential building. The sauna differs in temperature and type of design. Most of it is reserved for the dressing room, because the principle of the Finnish sauna is to warm up less, relax more. The pause time can be up to 40 minutes.

The steam room in the Finnish sauna is small to ensure fast, strong heating. The temperature should be from 70 to 100 0, with humidity not exceeding 10%. The air is very hot and dry. This regime can only withstand healthy man. It is difficult to steam in such a bath; the broom dries quickly and breaks.

There is a designated area for washing, but this is a special shower room where you can take a contrast shower and wash yourself. The Finnish sauna is equipped with a good ventilation system, allowing you to control humidity and temperature.

They spend no more than 10–15 minutes in the steam room, but some people can withstand a shorter period. Monitor your feelings.

Turkish bath: features of temperature and procedures

The temperature in the Turkish bath depends on the type of procedures.

It is no coincidence that the Turkish bath is gaining popularity. The procedures in it are not contraindicated for people, unless there are special recommendations from doctors. The temperature in the hammam varies and depends on the preferences of the vacationer.

Usually this is a whole complex consisting of six or more rooms: a large locker room, steam rooms, decorated with marble and ceramic tiles. Temperatures range from 45 to 100°, and humidity reaches 100%. It is easy to breathe in such a bath. People spend up to an hour inside the steam room without experiencing discomfort.

The Turkish sauna is equipped with pools with different water temperatures, which are visited after procedures for greater body tone.

The peculiarity of the steam room is the constant heating of the sun loungers and a large dense fog formed due to high humidity.

At home, parameters are created that are comfortable for family members.

Having considered three examples of bathhouse complexes, you can decide for yourself what temperature should be in the bathhouse on your site. If in a Finnish and Turkish bath the temperature regime is determined by technical parameters, then in a Russian bath skill and patience are required to obtain comfortable conditions. Try what is closest to you and enjoy. Enjoy Your Bath! If the steam is light, then the feeling after the bath is wonderful.