How to start climbing. Climbing: tips for beginners and not only
12.10.18 36 219 28
Lots of risk, lots of money
An industrial climber is someone who cleans the windows of skyscrapers, installs advertising, works with lighting and metal structures at many meters high.
Mara Chulkina
former industrial climber
I did some of this work.
I’ll tell you how the work of the promalp works and how much you can earn with such a profession.
Who is a promalp
Industrial mountaineering, abbreviated as “promalp”, is a technology for performing work at height, where there is and will not be any support.
An industrial climber uses the usual climbing equipment: ropes and cables, a belay system, descenders, carabiners and other things necessary for safe work at height. The list of equipment and tools is standard, but the methods of using them may differ depending on where the person works and what he has to do.
8000 R
the average cost of promalp equipment
In any city, there are usually jobs that only an industrial climber can do. For example, high-rise buildings have areas with a negative overhang and complex terrain, just hard-to-reach places at high altitude. Where it is impossible to lower a person in a "cradle" or on a "scaffolding", they invite a promalp. You can, of course, use special equipment that will lift a person to a height, but usually it costs more than hiring a team of climbers.
Work is always associated with the risk of falling or injury, so only trained people are allowed to work.
What kind of work does promalp do?
The list of works is huge. Here's an example (this is just a part).
Washing windows and walls: There are separate orders for washing the walls of a high-rise building. Sometimes it is necessary to wash stained-glass windows in business centers and office buildings, shopping galleries. Vertical glazing at the ends of industrial buildings or in the area of flights of residential buildings also needs to be cleaned sometimes.
Installation and dismantling of advertising: banners, billboards, light boxes or letters. If the advertising area is large, then the promoters have to mount it piece by piece on the wall and wash it off if it gets dirty during installation. And all this is suspended on a rope, without support.
Working with lighting: you need to install lamps, change burnt out lamps, hang light garlands, decorative and festive elements.
Cleaning and painting everything that is on top: buildings, beams, trusses, communication masts, towers, bridges, lattices and so on.
Building seam sealing: both old structures that need to be “patched up” and insulated, and new ones, where these works are carried out after the construction of the frame, require attention.
snow removal, ice and icicles from the roofs.
Welding and assembly of structures. Welding at height is the most difficult type of work for a promalp. This is necessary when it is necessary to assemble or strengthen an advertising structure, fix fire escapes or weld small parts into place.
Working on tall trees: pruning and removal of branches.
Reviewing all of the above: in what condition, how long will it stay idle, what to do to make it better.
Sometimes there are non-standard orders, for example, to paint the facade of a building or congratulate a person through a window, but this is rare.
Risks and safety rules
Quality in work is a default condition, and for a promalp, the most important thing is safety. It concerns everything: equipment, survey of the place of work, access to the roof, organization of insurance, attachment of the tool, hanging over the edge, the work itself on the descent and the assembly of all equipment. Now in order.
The equipment must be strong, intact and protect you from falling. This means that ideally, before each work, a full check should be carried out:
- Check all seams and lines on the harness.
- Go through the entire rope in order to notice in time the places of chafing, cuts or braid that has gone.
- Inspect the integrity of the details of the descenders, belay devices and carabiners.
- Check if the teeth that cling, for example, a jumar (clamp) to a rope, have worn out there.
- Check the board on which you will sit - if it has cracked, if the rope has frayed.
The place of work is also inspected before starting. This is necessary to find out how and where it will be more convenient and safer to work; where it is necessary to block access to passers-by so that something does not accidentally fall on them from above. They also always watch where people park their cars in order to warn them in time about the start of work and close this parking space.
It is necessary to pay special attention to access to the roof in two cases: in winter, when it is slippery and there is ice, and on a sloping roof. Usually there is always a fence at the edges, but you can quickly “ride” and fly over this fence. And it happens that it hangs on a couple of bolts and can easily fly off with you. In these cases, no matter how lazy, it is important to organize insurance.
Organizing insurance is the most important thing. Life depends on it. One rope is not enough: it can break. Therefore, promalps always hang two on the descent. They go down one at a time, insure the second, and tie knots at the ends of the ropes.
The same applies to belay points - the places for which each rope is tied. There should be at least two of them, and both are reliable. Brick or concrete buildings, iron structures, air ducts, solid pipes, strong railings, stairs are suitable. In this case, the points of insurance of each rope must be independent of each other: always count that one point of insurance can fail.
Rope protectors are required. In places where the rope touches the elements of the roof - around pointed pipes, at the edge of the canopy - friction is created. Not all situations can be foreseen.
What happens to promalps 😱
Once our team was doing welding work. One drop of molten metal fell on the bituminous coating, it caught fire. For technical reasons, it was not possible to go upstairs. I had to urgently think of ways to get away.
Another time we were shoveling snow on a low building with an almost flat but slippery roof. At one point, the weight of the scraper with snow pulled the person down, his legs slid along the corrugated board, there was no fence. On the move, I had to push off from the edge of the roof in order to jump further and dive into the snowdrift. It is good that there were no solid objects in the snow.
In the summer they painted lattices on the windows of a five-story building. Part of the rope broke, so I hung on one without additional insurance. Everything else was taken care of: two points of attachment of the rope, protectors on it.
But it turned out that the visor above one of the windows protruded further than the visor of the roof itself. I moved along the wall horizontally to paint over the entire facade. Due to this horizontal friction, the rope was cut by two-thirds of its thickness. I noticed this by accident. Holding her breath and not taking her eyes off the remaining thin part of the rope, she slowly went down. I never hung on the same rope again.
Everything you work with should stay with you. If in the mountains a stone falling down can cripple several people, then in the city this danger increases. Any object that falls from a height, from a self-tapping screw to a perforator, can damage a person, a car, and a building wall. You will have to pay for property with money, but for a person you can go to jail.
All liquid to a height should be taken in moderation and in strong balanced containers. Light items - tie, pull together or put in a bag. Solid - cling to yourself with a carabiner. It is important to pay attention to containers. If a paint bucket has a weak handle, it will result not only in loss of paint, but also in a building, cars and people smeared all over the height.
Start and end of work
Hanging over the edge of the roof is perhaps one of the scariest moments in the work of the promalp. Not everyone admits this, but it is true. From a reliable standing on a hard roof, you move into a state suspended at a height of many meters. That's what the promalp checks before posting.
How the rope is tied. Under weight, it can shift from 10 centimeters to a meter to the side and spoil the comfortable position of the promalp on the wall.
How knots are tied. It is extremely rare to get really bad - after all, prepared people go out onto the roof. But the knot can "ride", that is, begin to untie, after a certain time, if it is tied erroneously or carelessly.
Where are the protectors? Under weight, the entire belay system stretches depending on how far away the belay points are. Therefore, the protectors can slide down, and the rope will be exposed on the sharp edge of the roof. It is better to tie the protection to this rope directly. There are also protectors for the roof, when it is thin and can sag at the edge. In this case, due to the displacement of the tread, the roof may be damaged, all this also leads to injuries.
Are all tools prepared? The right ones are taken, tied to a rope below, or standing so that they can be taken from the edge of the roof. For example, a bucket of water - it is inconvenient to take it with you right away. It’s good if the partner is still upstairs and is ready to give you everything forgotten, but if you work in this place alone or just pretend to be professional, then it’s better to think through everything in advance and prepare.
Each type of work has its own nuances. When washing glass, you need to take into account the movement of the sun and the direction of the wind, otherwise dirty water will splash on clean glass. Washing hot glass under the sun increases water consumption, reduces quality and turns into a game of "Hurry up to wipe before it's dry."
After finishing work, you need to collect all the tools, pull the ropes to the roof, remove the fence. This is also done carefully and carefully. When the rope is pulled out, watch how it rises. If the dirty end of the rope stains clean, washed glass, then the work may be forced to redo.
Strictly after the end of work and fees, you can remove the fence below. Only after that it is considered that the work is completely completed and it is now safe to walk here.
Another story
One winter, our team was removing snow and ice from the roof on one of the central streets. The traffic was great, so there was not only a fence, but also a person below.
After the command “Release” was given from above, I began to roll up the fence and let people through. And suddenly, from above, one of the workers throws down the remaining large block of ice, which lands half a meter from the passing old woman. She gets frightened, swears, but leaves, and we are left without sad consequences. It was luck and a lesson for everyone.
Gear and equipment
Equipment for an industrial climber is almost the main thing in the work. Here are the main items that are required.
Strappings from the manufacturers "Vento" and "Vertical" can be found for 1500 R.
Zhumar, crawl, stopper, figure eight, lattice, gris-gris, grasping knot. Thanks to these devices, the promalp descends, rises and is held on a rope. Usually they use equipment from Petzl, Kong, Vento, Camp and Vertical. Descenders without automatic blocking from "Petzl" and "Kong" can be found from 900 R. With automatic blocking more expensive: 4-16 thousand. At "Vento" and "Vertical" trigger devices cost from 470 R without blocking and from 1600 R - with blocking.
Rope clamps such as jumar and crawl, which are needed for climbing a rope, cost from 4,000 to 10,000 R for Petzl and Kong, and from 900 to 5,000 R for Vento and Vertical. Some climbers note that the jumars from the Petzl and the Vertical are almost the same in terms of characteristics.
ropes are static and dynamic. The first one does not stretch when loaded. Since industrial mountaineering is not rope jumping (these are such rope jumps), the static rope is used here. The diameter is usually 9 to 12 mm. There are auxiliary ropes for lifting a load or securing a tool. Their diameter is from 4 to 8 mm. Often used static rope cord - 6 mm.
Russian ropes from Kolomna, Dzerzhinsk or Irkutsk can be found for 37-56 R per meter. Expensive ropes from Petzl can also be found for 170 R per meter, but it is a pity to use such ropes, especially for dirty work.
150 R
there is a protector for the rope. If you try, you can find free
protectors protect the rope in dangerous places for it. They are made from different materials: Velcro banner fabric, hose and pipe clippings, fire hoses. In stores they cost 150-300 R, but you can find them for free.
Seat. Long work in a hanging position has a bad effect on blood circulation in the legs. Then the whole body can still hurt. Industrial climbers use a special seat - usually a homemade board that you can sit on. For the seat, you need a simple piece of plywood with a thickness of at least 0.8 cm and a piece of rope. Ready-made can be purchased at the store: in "Vertical" this costs from 1200 R, and in "Petzl" - from 11 500 R.
Helmet required by the rules, but not always used. Someone is too lazy to put it on, someone thinks that it is safe without it. In my opinion, in vain. Helmets cost from 3000 to 7000 R.
3000 R
worth a helmet. Wearing it is a must.
Miscellaneous accessories: carabiners, hooks, suction cups. Carabiners are connecting links, at a height they attach the necessary things, equipment and parts of the rope.
To fix on the wall in one place, you need a skyhook and a suction cup.
Skyhooks- These are hooks of different sizes in the shape of a beak. They cling to the ledges and recesses of the wall in order to pull themselves aside or hold themselves in place.
Sucker needed on a smooth surface like glass or tile. To remain motionless, the promalp sticks a suction cup to the surface and fixes itself. You can really find a hook for 550 R, suckers in any hardware store - from 170 to 900 R.
 |  |
The cost of promalp equipment is 8000 R
| Helmet | 3000 R |
| Rope 50 m | 2000 R |
| strapping | 1500 R |
| belay device | 900 R |
| descender | 600 R |
3000 R
Rope 50 m
2000 R
1500 R
belay device
900 R
descender
600 R
Training and Documents
Promalpas are mainly people from mountaineering, rock climbing or speleology. But there are also those who came here from the street in the hope of earning big money. If the first ones are already trained in technology, then the second ones need to be trained. For this, there are courses for industrial climbers. They are usually held in training centers and vocational training centers.
Before the start of classes, you are asked to bring photographs, an application, a passport and a medical certificate. Details may vary, but this is usually the base set.
Knowledge is given on work techniques, safety, psychological preparation, first aid. Some centers add more blueprint reading and basic electronics. There will be practice with an exam. After training, you will receive a certificate of course completion and a high-altitude certificate, which then will need to be confirmed every 3 years.
After completing the training, you will be issued a certificate of an industrial climber. These crusts of the organization are always asked for admission to work.
width: auto 10 500 Р width="1414" height="1076" class=" outline-bordered" style="max-width: 707.0px; height: auto" data-bordered="true"> Tuition fees can vary greatly in different cities and different companies. Here the training costs 9500 Р width="1414" height="1652" class=" outline-bordered" style="max-width: 707.0px; height: auto" data-bordered="true">
Beginning of work
You can't really start working alone. An experienced climber can afford to do simple work alone, but this is generally not recommended for safety reasons. If something happens on the wall, and you are alone there, then no one will help.
Among the industrialists, there is a story about a girl at a construction site in Moscow, whose partner once did not show up for work. The workers on the roof saw the rope and did not even think that a person was hanging from it. They cut the rope to take for themselves. The girl survived, but broke her spine.
A beginner promalp has two options.
Option 1. Get a job in a company that specializes in high-altitude work. You can start with the maintenance of residential buildings. Now management companies often recruit climbers who clean the roofs from snow, seal the seams, paint and so on. They usually work on a salary of 25,000 rubles a month full time. It will be hard, monotonous, but you will gain a lot of experience.
Option 2. Find yourself a more experienced partner. It’s better to start with a survey of acquaintances - this way you at least get recommendations about the person you meet. There is another option to search for private ads, but here it already depends on the case: you can get on dishonest businessmen.
A survey among climbers showed that a newcomer to the team can be taken if he already knows how to do something. In terms of salary in the first jobs, he receives a little less, because a certain percentage is deducted in favor of the foreman. This is not practiced by all teams. Much depends on the quality and speed of the beginner's work. Often they first hire as an assistant “give, bring and see how to do it” with a lower salary.
1000 R
receives for a grassroots shift - a person who stands at the bottom of the fence and warns passers-by about the work
There are also grassroots - these are people who stand below the fence and warn passers-by about high-altitude work. They receive about 1,000 rubles for a 2-5 hour shift.
Payment. How much does it cost to risk
An industrial climber does not run on the ground and does not stand on the scaffolding, he descends from the top down the rope, doing his job. This should be taken into account when determining the prices for services. The more a climber can do for one "temple", the cheaper the work as a whole will cost. To wash the windows above the entrance is one price. Washing a number of windows on the same floor around the perimeter of the building is much more expensive. There are standard works, where it is easy to calculate the cost, there are complex ones, where the calculation is individual.
Everything that is painted and washed is calculated from the cost per square meter. Everything is long - from the cost per linear meter and the complexity of implementation: electrics, painting metal structures, work on drains and air ducts. There is a calculation per piece: air conditioning unit, antenna or pipe.
Everything that does not fit into the framework of conventional measurements is calculated on the basis of N rubles per hour, day, or as agreed. This may be a small physical effort, which is complicated by a long or difficult access to it. For example, change a couple of light bulbs on a communication tower 50 kilometers from the city at a height of 70 meters.
Sometimes additional work comes up. For example, they come to install a slope or window sill, but instead they have to cut a tree on the same window sill. And only because the customer was not aware of the situation.
Promalp in the company works according to one of three options: deal, salary + deal, salary. If only the salary, then in the regions on average it is 25 thousand per month with a five-day working week, if you work for the management company. In Moscow, prices are higher. With this option, you will have Full time job.
25 000 R
earn promalps in regional management companies
I interviewed my acquaintances "free" freelance promalps. Most are ready to go to work with earnings of 5,000 rubles a day. In Moscow - an average of $100 per hour. There may be more or less, depending on the type of work. A good order can be found thanks to your experience, skill and extensive customer base. But such orders happen irregularly.
Pros of working with a promalpo
Freedom of choice is the reason people stay in this job. And the basis of this choice is the following:
- Convenient schedule.
- Quick earnings.
- A variety of objects, types of work, partners, customers.
- High level physical activity allows you to keep a good shape.
- Work at height, where there are few people and no bosses.
- Beautiful views.
- The opportunity to find yourself in places where not everyone gets: the bell towers of churches, the winter garden in the National Bank, the barracks in the pre-trial detention center, the stars of the Kremlin, the rolling shop of the plant.
Cons of work
It's really dangerous. The climber is threatened with cutting the rope by embittered, drunk or mentally ill people, falling objects from above, breaking the rope under unforeseen circumstances, strong winds and hitting the wall.
Sometimes you have to "knock out" money for work. The more promalpov, the lower the price of the work. There is a risk of non-payment, fraud attempts. Even proven customers can let you down.
Physically hard. You have to constantly go up and down with all the equipment both on a ladder and on a rope, work in a sitting position without support under the sun, in frost, dampness, in mud, dust and stuffiness. If work is going on in a shopping center, then only at night. As one climber with twenty years of experience said: "It's like a professional sport with high level injuries and occupational diseases.
Diversity creates tension. There will always be something missing or something new. At the facility, everything may not be as described by the customer. The new team has to get used to. Specific equipment, tools or technologies take a lot of time: you need to find it all, order it, bring it in and learn how to use it.
Irregular employment, if you work for yourself. Illnesses, holidays, injuries, equipment - all at your own expense.
There will be really hard shifts when time is running out, and you need to hand over the object on time. A friend of mine once had to work continuously for 21 hours to take down and put back 600 square meters of banner mesh at a facility. In total, I had to climb and descend to a height of about 700 meters.
Finally
The work is hard, dangerous and dirty. Pluses turn into minuses and vice versa.
On the other hand, you will learn almost everything: from diplomatic conversations with elders around the house to walking on cell tower structures at great heights. You will find yourself in the most interesting places and see the world from above. Fear will always be with you, but you will learn to control it. This fear will either take you to the ground in the office, or become your intuition and save you.
And one day you will begin to collect a collection of answers to the question “Are you scared?”.
Climbing is a very difficult sport, and there are a number of medical restrictions for doing it. Diseases of the heart, lungs, nervous system, problems with the spine and much more, can fail at the most inopportune moment not only for the beginner, but for the whole group. That is why it is worth taking a responsible medical examination and clarifying with your therapist the admissibility of such loads.
By the way, those who have a desire to skip this paragraph, waving their hand at their safety, should remember that the instructor is responsible for the life and health of all members of the group before the law.
It is not necessary to choose an elderly bearded climber, looking sadly into the distance and laconic during the briefing. The Soviet school, of course, is good, but you can also find good specialists among young athletes. The main thing is that this instructor should have more than a dozen successful ascents, preferably in different mountains and on routes different category difficulties.
In addition, it is obligatory to have an official certificate of an instructor-methodologist in mountaineering, issued by one of the largest schools in Russia.
Numerous climbing walls, located both in professional gyms and on playgrounds, greatly facilitate the life of a novice climber. Of course, climbing them is not as romantic as conquering Elbrus, but it is much more useful than any simulators.
You need to practice at the climbing wall for at least six months before you can go to test your skills in real mountains.
Before rushing towards your cherished dream, you should pack a backpack and walk with it. Even a weekend hike over rough terrain can reveal those who are not yet ready for a full climb. Ideally, go on a 10-day hiking before the climbing route is necessary to assess the level of their training.
The weather in the mountains is changeable, so the chosen clothes should be not only comfortable, but also multifunctional. For the first time, it is worthwhile to collect a backpack together with an experienced climber who will help weed out all that is superfluous. So outerwear should protect from rain and wind at the same time, thermal underwear should be taken with a moisture removal system, and shoes one and a half sizes larger than usual and with a rigid fixation of the ankle. In addition, all things should be as light as possible, because they will have to be carried on their shoulders for most of the route.
You should not buy your first set of equipment and insurance, guided by your own intuition and the advice of the seller. It is better to take an instructor to the store, who will help (for a fee) to pick up everything you need.
If this is not possible, it is enough to ask him for a detailed list of what you need to buy, with the most accurate characteristics.
The presence of low mountains on the territory of Russia and countries former Union allows you to prepare for difficult climbs gradually. The Turkey, Turkey and Agoy mountains in the south of Russia, Anakopia mountain in Abkhazia, Oshora in Georgia - these are great places for beginners. Most of the ascent here is carried out along hiking trails, and only in some sections you have to use mountaineering skills.
At an altitude of more than 2000 meters, every novice climber expects an attack of altitude sickness, colloquially known as "mountaineer". Nausea, dizziness, weakness, incoordination and severe headache Here are her first symptoms. Unfortunately, there is no cure for this disease, and often the climber's condition is further complicated by general fatigue or hypothermia.
The only option for the prevention of mountain sickness is the alternation of descents and ascents, day trips at an altitude of more than 1500 meters and the possibility of slow acclimatization. This period for beginners can be delayed up to 3 weeks, and for more experienced climbers it will take 1-2 days.
No matter how much you want to look back and appreciate the view that opens behind you, in no case should you do this. At best, an inexperienced climber can be overtaken by an attack of dizziness, and at worst, he can lose his balance and break loose, hanging on a belay. Believe me, the most best view will open from the top, and on the way it is better to concentrate all attention on the features of the ascent, and not on the missing frames.
It is extremely important to soberly assess your strength in the mountains. Pessimism and panic are just as out of place here as bravado. Do not give up the opportunity to relax, because it is not known when the next stop will be. But it’s also dangerous to set yourself up for the fact that “everything is bad” and that you don’t have enough strength. Try to sensibly evaluate your capabilities and at the first sign of feeling unwell, exhausted or panic, inform the instructor about it.
Photo: thinkstockphotos.com, flickr.com
It is impossible to start climbing on your own. This is not the kind of knowledge that you can master at home yourself. To make difficult ascents in a team, you need to come to a climbing club and start exercising there. There is a mountaineering section or club in almost every city, and somewhere there are even several such associations. Usually such clubs are free, but there are exceptions.
A person who has not yet gone on any hike is called a “novice”. You will listen to lectures and participate in training sessions where you will be taught all the basics. After that, it will be possible to go to the easiest peak for climbing category 1B. After a successful ascent, you will receive the “Russian Climber” badge and move to the “badge” category, and these are not quite beginners.
If there is no climbing school or the opportunity to go to it, then you can go on a mountain hike in the summer to replace beginners, it is called "NP-1", that is, initial training - the first level. This means that you will come to the mountains and live there on the so-called base. From there, you will occasionally make hikes and climbs under the guidance of an instructor, mastering all the basic knowledge in practice. When the initial training course is completed, you will also receive a "badge".
In the future, you will constantly overcome new stages of learning, conquering more and more difficult peaks, increasing the amount of knowledge and gradually increasing your skills. There is no need to rush, as the number of ascents is directly related to how safe mountain hiking will be for you. After the "badge" you can get the third sports category, but you can make independent ascents only after you have been assigned the second category.
Equipment for initial training
You will need some equipment to go mountain climbing. At first, it is not necessary to buy it; you can rent it at the sports club where you work out. First of all, this is the bottom harness. Buy a quality, certified harness that has adjustable leg loops and a ring that connects the waistband and legs. It is best to take an experienced instructor with you to help you buy a good harness, or find out which companies are definitely worth trusting.
Belay is a piece of dynamic rope approximately 4 m long, 10 mm in diameter. Take with you one unmuffed carabiner and 5 muffed ones. It is important that the carabiners close very tightly. Get yourself a jumar, they are adapted for left-handers and right-handers. Petzl jumars are considered the best. Also take a prusik with you - this is a cord, 2 m long, about 6-7 mm in diameter. A device for insurance is useful - a glass or. You must have a climbing helmet, sometimes you need an ice ax and climbing crampons. So that the sun does not blind your eyes, buy special dark glasses, a factor of at least 3-4. They should be wide and sit very tight to prevent direct light from entering the eyes - in the mountains this is very important. You should also bring all the usual equipment with you.
If you are going on an expedition NP-1, then the instructor must provide you with a list of all the necessary things.
All the successful climbers I have met are highly self-organized. If you want to be a successful climber, work on self-organization: build a training plan yourself, follow its implementation yourself, decide for yourself which camps and with whom you go, think for yourself where and how to get resources. Organize yourself.
"Mountaineering is a herd sport: they left together, they came together." (C) And training is individual. We work in a team. And, often, someone climbs the leader better, more reliably, faster. It's relaxing. If you want to be a successful climber, include bottom rope climbing in your training. Even if your team has a leader. It is not necessary to climb at the leader level. Climbing is important! Climbing on zhumar ends with triplets. Then you need to be able to climb and lead.
Train in the city, show what you can in the mountains. If you want to be a successful climber, come to the mountains ready to climb, and not to see what the route of the second, third, fifth category is like.
Getting out of the comfort zone. If you want to be a successful climber, learn to get out of your comfort zone. Go on the route, and not stay in the camp in a warm sleeping bag. Leave a secure hook by stepping onto the reel. Get on the skyhook. Go above the belay point. Swing the pendulum on the railing. Etc. and so on. The sooner you learn to have emotions, the better. This saves time. Time is the most valuable resource during an ascent. Don't lose your head when stepping out of your comfort zone!
Mountaineering is a complex sport. If you want to be a successful technical climber, develop comprehensively. For myself, I have identified three areas:
☑ Running workouts over rough terrain. Develop OFP, cardio-respiratory system, pump ligaments on the legs;
☑ Climbing on rocks with a lower rope (or stolism). Helps to pump the psyche. Our fatigue in the mountains is mostly psychological, not physical. We are constantly waiting for a breakdown and danger of falling. It's exhausting. This item pumps the psyche. Having gained volume with a lower insurance (or stolism), you begin to understand: where the probability of falling is dangerous / fatal, and where our brain is trying to deceive. You get less tired on the route, you know exactly what you are capable of, what you are not;
☑ IT. If you want to be a successful climber, include AID in your training. ITO is very large volume placing points in different terrain. You start to set reliable points "neglyadya", you learn to count the iron in your mind and distribute it on the route.
With errors in the implementation of techniques, tactics and equipment selection, the instructors will cope on the route. Stop, prompt, direct. Everything that is written above is work on oneself. The more you immerse yourself in it, the more successful your climbing career will be.
I tried to present in a thesis form the main points that, in my opinion, will help beginner climbers to understand themselves. These thoughts are based on my experience. Collected from instructor's life. They can be supplemented and expanded depending on the situation and the specific case. I do not claim to be the ultimate truth.
If you are starting out in this sport, try this structure as a starting point. Expand yourself on it, understand your weaknesses and strengths. Work on everything, focusing on weaknesses. I hope I can help. And even if you
Recently, more and more people are striving to spend their holidays more actively. One of these ways is mountaineering. By this is meant its sports component. This sport is perfect for people with an adventurous temperament who love risk.
At the same time, you need to understand that mountaineering is divided into several varieties and their requirements are different. This applies to both physical and psychological preparation.
The most common is combined mountaineering. Climbing takes place in low mountains. At the same time, there is a complete set of reliefs from gentle ascents to rocks and snowy slopes. In this regard, you have to take quite a lot of variety. This significantly reduces the group's movement speed and forces the use of bivouacs. For ascents over 5,000 meters, acclimatization is required.
Rock climbing- this is a rather specific type of mountaineering. It consists in climbing low mountains with a predominance of rocks. Such rises occur quite quickly. In this case, equipment is required a little, which further speeds up the process.
High-altitude mountaineering is the most difficult kind. Only experienced athletes are engaged in it. The difficulty lies in severe weather conditions at high altitude. The main difference is the need for long-term acclimatization of the body.
Therefore, the ascents are "jerk", that is, having risen to a certain height, the group descends a little lower to rest. Climbing can take more than a month. Above 8,000 meters, the "death zone" begins, finding a person here is very difficult.
Another type is "bigvole climbing". This is a fairly young form of mountaineering. Here they overcome long sections of rocks in length, reaching at least half a kilometer.
Develop a variety of qualities required in the process of ascent. With the development of special physical skills and theoretical knowledge they go to practical training on the ground.
Be sure all beginners learn the ways of insurance and self-insurance. The use of carbines and other devices is being studied. At the same time, instructors strive to avoid gaps in knowledge. After all, the oversight of one member of the team can lead to the death of the entire group, especially on high-altitude climbs.
Initially, training takes place on various simulators, with the help of which various mountain conditions are simulated. It can be rope paths, ladders and so on. Plain pedestrian crossings with overcoming natural obstacles are often used.
Mandatory for all climbers is work on the climbing wall. Here the skills of climbing on sheer walls are developed. Strength endurance also develops.
The second stage of training consists in climbing routes with low level difficulties. After that, the training is considered completed.
climber equipment
used in mountaineering different kinds equipment. First of all, these are various ropes and safety devices. It should be noted that the cost of equipment is quite high, but you should not save on safety. For example, ropes can be purchased at a price of thirty thousand rubles per bay. Arbor-type safety devices are sold from 15,000 to 25,000 rubles.
You can buy somewhere for ten thousand. Other climbing equipment is offered at a price slightly below 20,000 rubles. can be purchased for five thousand rubles.
Winter and summer mountaineering
The differences between these two species are not too big and rather blurred. It must be said that high-altitude mountaineering is always a rise in winter conditions. When climbing the middle mountains, the difference lies in the length of the day and the height of the beginning of the snow cap. In summer it is much higher.
There are also differences in the main dangers. In summer, the snow cover at altitude is unstable, which can cause snow avalanches and glaciers. In winter, fresh snow covers the ice cracks, making crossing them a risky business.
How to stay safe on a slope
It is necessary to move along the slope only in a group. This will make it possible for one athlete to quickly come to the rescue of the other members of the group in case of problems. It is impossible to move along the slopes with free-lying stones, especially to lean on them. Movement at night is prohibited. This can lead to injury to climbers.
Climbing is quite an interesting, but at the same time a difficult sport. To master it, you need to have a good physical shape, as well as possess special knowledge and skills. But at the same time, it is a great way for relaxation and psychological relaxation.
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