Giant sequoia: photo. Where does the giant sequoia grow? Giant California sequoias in the "Grove of the Titans" Sequoia structure
But many visitors to Jedediah Smith will never see the clusters of giant sequoias known as the "Grove of the Titans." Their location is classified to protect the massive and ancient trees from humans. (40 photos)
These sequoias have a huge trunk diameter and an almost unrealistic height. They are like natural skyscrapers, taller than the iconic Statue of Liberty from the base of its pedestal to the tip of the torch. Some people who walk among these giants claim that such an adventure is so impressive that it is life changing. As the naturalist John Muir, known as the father of national parks: "The most obvious way to the universe lies through the wilderness." Photo: m24instudio
The photographer wrote: “The morning we visited Muir Woods was rainy and foggy, all the plants and trees were covered with dew. The feeling was like tropical forest, and the height and density of the trees isolated us from the rest of the world.” The age of the trees "ranges from 400 to 800 years, and reaches 250 feet in height." Photo: Justin Brown
The James Irwin Trail at Prairie Creek Park. The photographer noted that “like kids in a candy store, we got too excited and bit off more than we could chew; or, more precisely, we went on an excursion that could not fit in one light day. In the old overgrown, dense forests, dusk falls a few hours earlier than along the coast. Photo: Justin Kern
At the base of a giant sequoia in Jedediah Smith. The park was named after the explorer and the first American to travel across the country from the Mississippi River to California in 1826. Photo: drainhook
The Last Monarch tree in Titans Grove, Jedediah Smith Redwoods. It was discovered in 1998. It measures 7.9m in diameter and 98m high. The exact location of the Lost Monarch is being kept under wraps for fear that its release would lead to increased traffic and could disrupt the ecosystem or lead to vandalism. Photographer says "The Last Monarch" lurks in wet forest where sequoias and ferns blend perfectly.” Photo: Yinghai
Andrea T. said: “Exceptional and incredible. If you love trees, if you love privacy. If you like to feel the vibrations of the Earth, then come here.” This park occupies almost 53,000 hectares of land, of which more than 17,000 are overgrown with intact old sequoias. Photo: Steve Dunleavy
At Redwood State Park in March 2014 The park's brochure states: "California sequoias are among the tallest and oldest trees on Earth. Some grow up to 300 feet in height and reach 50 feet in circumference. Scientists have calculated that their age can vary from 1,000 to 2,000 years.” Photo: Christian Arballo
Dense grove in Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park. According to Redwood Hikes, "Nothing compares to the pure and pristine beauty of this extraordinary grove on a sunny day." Photo: Steve Dunleavy
Redwood National Park. The photographer writes: "This small footbridge in the park is over 300 feet high." Photo: Steve Dunleavy
Prairie Creek, the James Irwin trail, a cluster of trees, and a man to help you visualize the size of the redwoods. Trees of Mystery explains: “A toppled redwood tree will try to keep growing through its shoots. If the branches are directed upwards, they can turn into independent trees. Clusters of trees grow from the living remains of a fallen redwood stump. If you look at the genetic information in the cell of each of these, you will find that they are identical to each other. They're clones!" Photo: rachel_thecat
John Muir once said, "Everyone needs beauty as well as bread, a place to play and pray, a place in nature to heal and give strength to soul and body." Photo: Craig Goodwin
Bear in a foggy forest among redwoods. Although the giant mahogany and the giant sequoia seem very similar, they are actually two different types. Sequoiadendron lives up to 3,000 years, has bark up to 3 feet thick, branches grow up to 8 feet in diameter, and it can only reproduce by seed. By comparison, giant sequoias (redwood) grow up to 2000 years, have bark up to 12 inches thick, their branches reach up to 5 feet in diameter, and they can reproduce either vegetatively or by seed. Photo: Linda Tanner
Magnificent green growth in the shade under a canopy of redwoods. John Muir said: "If you pull on one thing in nature, you will find that it is attached to the rest of the world." Photo: Justin Kern
Incredible canopy in Muir Forest. The ancestors of the redwood tree and the giant sequoiadendron grew in the United States 150 million years ago. By the early 20th century, most of these forests had been cut down. North of San Francisco Bay, a forest of old-growth coastal redwoods is known as the Muir Forest Preserve. Photo: Justin Kern
A large maple tree on the Mill Creek trail in Jedediah Smith Redwood Park. Photo: Miguel Vieira
HDR panoramic shot in a Humboldt sequoia grove. Stout Grove is a majestic example of an ancient coastal redwood forest and is considered the heart of Jedediah Smith Redwood State Park. In 1929, Mrs. Clara Stout donated this 44-acre grove to the Save the Redwood League to preserve it and memorialize her husband, lumber magnate Frank D. Stout. Photo: Michael Holden
Lush redwood forest and ferns in February 2014. “My first visit to Muir Forest,” writes the photographer. “I hoped for rain, fog, lack of people and got none of this. But this place has a lot of potential." Photo: Beau Rogers
Alley in Muir Forest. The photographer wrote: “It was very crowded, only great patience helped me with this photo. I was just waiting for a gap between visitors.” Photo: Beau Rogers
In the Grove of Titans 10 is monstrous huge trees, which were "hidden" until 1998. How could this happen? Partly due to the fact that you need to make your way to this place through thick bushes taller than human height. "The Old Man of the North (also known as El Viejo del Norte), at 323 feet tall and at least 23 feet in diameter, is the fifth largest coastal redwood in the world." The photographer wrote that the Old Man of the North is his favorite tree in Titans Grove. It is not just huge, it has a characteristic influx by which it is easy to recognize. Photo: Yinghai
Moss-covered tree trunk in Jedediah Smith Redwoods. Greenery in this place has spread to almost all available surfaces. Photo: Brian Hoffman
The Last Monarch is one of the 10 largest trees in Titans' Grove, the largest coastal redwood by volume, with a height of 320 feet and a diameter of at least 26 feet. Photo: Matt Rowe
Walk through a deep ravine (9.1 to 15.2 m) known as Fern Canyon, which is located in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. As described by Michael S: “The unsurpassed natural beauty of the vertical walls covered with ferns. It doesn't look like any other place on Earth. Imagine walking through a narrow canyon where the walls are completely covered in lush fern, moss, drip and mini waterfalls. An unforgettable wonder of nature with five species of giant ferns. Steven Spielberg chose Fern Canyon to film Jurassic Park: The Lost World. Photo: Alex Green
The Boy Scout Trail at Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park that takes you deep into the woods to old growth trees. Photo: Miguel Vieira
Boy Scout tree on the Boy Scout trail. This double mahogany got its name from being discovered by the leader of a local Boy Scout group. An article in 1931 reported that it was the largest and was 31 feet in diameter and 87 feet in circumference, and was oval in shape. Probably, at one time, two separate trees stood side by side, but then merged and grew together until they reached a height of 250 feet above the ground. Photo: NAParish
The sun's rays break through the coastal fog and the dense branches of giant trees. Photo: NPS
Delight in California's beautiful giant sequoias. Photo: Margaret Killjoy
Twilight rays of sunlight breaking through the sequoias. Photo: Fovea Centralis
The giant sequoia, or, as it is also called, the mammoth tree, has rightfully earned the title of the tallest tree in the world. It is not for nothing that this long-liver is considered one of the wonders of the world. This plant belongs to coniferous trees and can reach a height of up to 110 meters, while its trunk in girth can be more than 12 meters. And the life span of this miracle of nature is simply unthinkable. She can live up to 5 thousand years. This tree is the oldest on the planet.
How did the sequoia
Scientists have now concluded that a tree appeared on the planet over 100 million years ago. There is a lot of evidence for this conclusion: fossils found in different places on the planet, other geological deposits that allow us to identify the approximate time of the appearance of this unusual natural phenomenon on the planet.
Even in ancient times, sequoia seeds spread over the territories that today are occupied by France, Japan and the New Siberian Islands. It is believed that a giant tree existed even during the time of the dinosaurs, when entire forests with powerful trunks occupied vast territories throughout the northern hemisphere. According to experts, 50 million years ago there was an ice age, which affected not only the distribution area of \u200b\u200bthe tree, but also its size. After it got warmer, the plant remained to exist in its previous form, however, it now settled in only one place. Sequoias are native to North America.
Giant sequoias for the first time were discovered by the Spaniards in 1769 when they went on an expedition to the area of what is now San Francisco. They received the nickname "Mammoth Trees" from the botanist Endlifer, who was the first in the world to call them "red trees". And at first, no one could even imagine what to do with these huge trunks. For a long time, the trees were not used at all, because neither a saw nor an ax takes them, due to the very hard bark and wood. And sequoia wood is unsuitable for construction, as is the material of other conifers.
Due to their uselessness, the giant sequoia forests were even completely destroyed in 1848. But people are very contradictory. By the time almost half of the trees were destroyed, the sequoia began to be protected by environmentalists and US authorities. After all, these giants natural world should have survived to posterity in its original form.
Present time
Sequoia is currently, Wikipedia says this unambiguously, grows only on the Pacific coast of California, although it is the property of all mankind, a unique tree flora. In addition to this place, sequoia also grows on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountains. These are the only two places where you can still see giant trees in full beauty and power. The reserve occupies vast areas of the coast and mountain slopes, which makes it possible for tourists to visit these places and admire the beauty of the forest.
The tree cannot grow high in the mountains because it needs very high humidity. Nevertheless, the mammoth tree perfectly tolerates low temperatures, which allowed him to survive in the conditions of the ice age.
Every year, the United States is visited by many tourists who are eager to be photographed at the foot of the giants, and the Americans themselves respect these trees. One of them even has a name - he was named after the American commander. This giant is protected by law as a cultural monument and is considered the property of all America. Scientists show remarkable interest in sequoia, but it is not cut down under any pretext.
General Sherman
A tree named "General Sherman" grows in the Sierra Nevada and is considered the most amazing plant on the planet. The height of the trunk is more than 83 meters, and in girth it is more than 148 meters. The age of the tree, according to approximate calculations, is as much as 2700 years, which is quite a lot for a plant. But the sequoia constantly continues to grow, which is also a rather unique fact. The sequoia annually grows as much wood on the trunk as an 18-meter tree can grow. Scientists are still studying this unique plant, which has seen almost the entire history of mankind.
Not less famous representative
Another representative of coniferous sequoia is a sequoia tree. The place where this sequoia was cut down still keeps the base of the giant in its original form. It, like "General Sherman", is honored to become one of the symbols of America. The tree was cut down in 1930 after 1930 years. Very symbolic! Annual rings are painted on its trunk and signed:
What is a sequoia
Externally, the tree is a huge trunk covered with thick bark. Its thickness reaches 60 cm. There are no oils in the sap of the tree, which are found in other conifers, but there is a huge amount of tannin, which prevents the tree from burning. Even after the strongest fire, the sequoia will survive and continue to grow, while other conifers die. The wood of this plant is not at all affected by fungi, rot or small bugs. Its roots are so deeply buried in the ground that the wind is not strong enough to knock down this tree. The growth rate of sequoia reaches 3-4 meters per year, the maximum height is 110 meters, a large tree height was discovered quite a long time ago in one of the national parks, its height is 115.5 meters.
Sequoia wood has a bright pink color, which changes to red closer to the center. It is very durable, which allows you to serve for a long time. Although the sequoia is not used in construction or other purposes on the farm.
reproduction
The northern giant is a gymnosperm tree and produces a huge amount of seeds, but only a small fraction of them can successfully germinate. But even those that were able to break through the ground are fighting for life. long time. young tree branches along its entire length, but the older and more majestic it becomes, the fewer lower branches remain. This helps the sequoia form a secure and strong dome that prevents light rays from penetrating down to the ground. A young tree cannot live without light.
Only nothing grows under the arches of majestic plants. That is why it is very difficult to say that a tree reproduces naturally. its much more often planted in small seedlings that are less than a year old. And plant them away from the main planting. But the cultivation of sequoia artificially will be needed only if the wood is actively used in construction. After all, then the plant may simply disappear.
Places of growth
Today sequoia grows in:
- Great Britain;
- Spain;
- New Zealand.
The tree needs high humidity, and therefore all the existing reserves are located near the sea. But you can meet this giant in Russia. We also have access to the sea and humid air with a warm climate. This place is located in the Krasnodar Territory, and therefore the sequoia grows there. In the Sochi arboretum there is a plantation of this evergreen, but not yet a giant. But in a few thousand years, huge trunks with branched crowns will rise there, which will amaze the imagination of tourists and residents of this glorious place.
Sequoia is a monotypic genus of woody plants of the Cypress family. The natural range of the genus is the Pacific coast North America. Individual specimens of sequoia reach a height of more than 110 m - these are one of the tallest trees on Earth.
The only species is Evergreen Sequoia, or Red Sequoia.
History of occurrence
To date, scientists have come to the conclusion that the sequoia appeared on Earth 140 million years ago. This is proved by the found and studied fossils and other geological deposits, on the basis of which it is possible to calculate the approximate period of the appearance of a huge natural creature on Earth.
In ancient times, the sequoia spread to the territories that are today known as France, Japan, and even to the New Siberian Islands. The giant tree already existed in Jurassic period when the planet was inhabited by dinosaurs, and even then forests occupied vast territories in the northern hemisphere. According to experts, 50 million years ago, due to the fact that the temperature on Earth dropped dramatically, the ice age began. The giant sequoia has stopped spreading across the planet and its range has greatly decreased. After warming, these trees remained at the same stage of development and remained to grow in only one region.
The first giant sequoias were discovered by the Spaniards, who in 1769 sent an expedition to the area of present-day San Francisco. Its name is sequoia, mammoth trees received from the linguist and botanist S. Endlifer, who was the first to call them "red trees". Initially, no one knew what to do with these huge centenarians. They were practically not exploited, this is due to the fact that strong trunks were almost impossible to knock down, since neither an ax nor a saw took them. On top of that, the wood turned out to be absolutely unsuitable for construction, like, for example, pine or other coniferous wood. The giant sequoia forests were even decimated in 1848. By the time more than half of the trees had already been destroyed, the US authorities decided to start protecting amazing creatures nature.
Description of sequoia
Sequoia - evergreen conifer tree from the cypress family. It grows to a height of 90 meters (35-storey building) and above, and in width (measured as the diameter of the log house at the base) up to 7 meters, weighs more than 1000 tons. To transport one such felled tree, you need a train of 60 wagons. Redwoods live 2-2.5 thousand years and longer.
The trunk is straight and even, rises like a giant column. The crown has the shape of a wide cone, the branches grow horizontally to the ground or with a slight downward slope. The bark of the color of red rust (for this sequoia is sometimes called mahogany) is very thick - up to 30 cm, but light, fibrous, porous, so it absorbs moisture well. The needles grow in bunches, have a length of up to 2.5-3 cm, the colors can be different - dark green, with a blue or silver tint. Cones are smallish, up to 3 cm long, oval. Sequoia is a monoecious plant, which means that male and female cones grow on the same tree.
Sequoia does not tolerate cold only, at -20 ° C it can die, although it once survived the ice age ...
Sequoia breeding
An adult sequoia tree produces a huge amount of seeds, but only a tiny part of them germinate successfully, and even those that have made their way through the ground are forced to fight for their lives. The fact is that young shoots branch along their entire length, but the older they get, the more lower branches they have. Thus, the tree forms a strong dome that absolutely does not let in daylight. The giant sequoia forests do not allow anything to grow under this green canopy. Therefore, young shoots have to deal with low light.
The use of sequoia
High performance and beautiful appearance allow the use of this wood anywhere: for exterior and interior work, in construction, furniture, turning industry, for the manufacture of facing and decorating skins. In the USA, poles and sleepers, various retaining parts, street benches, stairs, trim panels, window frames, jambs, doors, interior lining of trailers, wagons, yacht cabins, wooden tiles, paper are made from it.
On planet Earth, there is a special genus of trees that contains only one species. This monotypic genus of trees is called sequoia. Sequoias grow along the coast Pacific Ocean in North America. Sequoia evergreen or red Sequoia sempervirens), taxodium evergreen Taxodium sempervirens) is all the same tree.
These woody plants are distinguished from others by their height, the average value of which is about 90 meters, but there are also champions. Sequoia, which was called the "Father of the forests", had a maximum height. It grew in the past, unfortunately, it has not survived to our times. There is only one record holder left.
The maximum height that was recorded near the tree "Father of the Forests" is 135 meters! Today, the indicator of the maximum height of the sequoia environment belongs to the Hyperion tree, named after the titan of ancient Greek mythology.
Hyperion is an evergreen sequoia with a maximum height of 115.6 meters and is the tallest tree on Earth. You can admire them by visiting national park"Redwood", located in the United States in northern California.
Naturalist Chris Atkinson and his assistant Michael Taylor found a particularly gigantic tree among the tallest trees, which was later named "Hyperion". It happened in the summer of 2006. In diameter, the tree is no less huge - at the level of one and a half meters, the diameter of the tree is about 5 meters! The estimated age of the giant is about 800 years.
Together with the giant sequoiadendron, it belongs to the highest trees on the planet (they reach a height of over 100 m and a trunk diameter of 8.5-9 m. An evergreen coniferous tree of the Taxodiaceae family. A monotypic genus, represented by a single species. Named in honor of Sequoia (1770 - 1843) - an Indian leader Cherokee tribe, inventor of the Cherokee syllabary.
Fossil specimens found give an idea that giant sequoias existed in the Jurassic period and were widely distributed throughout northern hemisphere at the end of the Cretaceous and in the Tertiary period. The remains of forests with their participation, which once occupied vast areas, are now preserved only in a limited area of western North America. One hundred and fifty million years ago, these trees grew all over the continent.
Sequoia sempervirens general form mature tree
Sequoia forests were first discovered by Europeans on the Pacific coast in 1769. By the arrival of lumberjacks in the 19th century, they covered an area of 8,000 sq. km. By the beginning of the 20th century, most of these forests had been cut down. Now they can only be found in California and Southern Oregon.
Description: The sequoia is probably the tallest tree on earth, with the exception of indications of unusually tall eucalyptus trees in Western Australia, and mentions of Douglas pseudo-hemlock (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in historical times, reaching more than 120 m, which were higher than any redwoods. It is likely that the tallest coast sequoias were the first victims of the axe, so it is difficult to say what the tallest tree of this species was in early historical time.
Sequoia sempervirens "Hyperion"
Today, the tallest sequoia, named "Hyperion", was discovered in the summer of 2006 in Redwood National Park north of San Francisco. The tree reached a height of 115.5 meters. Most of the trees are over 60 m in height, many are over 90 m with a trunk diameter of 3-4.6 m (maximum 9 m).
The second place in height after the sequoia is Douglasia or Pseudotsuga Menzies . The tallest living pseudo-hemzies of Menzies reaches 99.4 m in height. A related species - does not reach a height of more than 100 m, it is somewhat shorter and has a thicker trunk than a sequoia.
Sequoia sempervirens - young tree
Sequoia crown dense and wide at a young age, later open, irregular narrow-conical, formed by branches growing horizontally or with a slight downward slope. root system consists of shallow, widely spread lateral roots. The trunk is enclosed in a thick, fibrous, relatively soft, incombustible bark. When you touch it, the palm seems to sink into the tree, creating unusual sensations. The bark is hard-fibred, deeply furrowed, red-brown in color, about 35 cm thick.
Young shoots grow slightly to the sides and up. The branches are thin, dark green. The leaf arrangement is two-row, they are flat, strongly appressed, linear or linear-lanceolate, with obvious annual growth constrictions. Leaves 15-25 mm long, elongated in young trees in the shady lower part of the crown, or scaly 5-10 mm long in the top of the crown of old trees.
Sequoia sempervirens - flowering cone
It dusts at the end of winter, the seeds ripen after 8-9 months. Anthers nearly spherical to ovoid, 2-5 mm are located singly on short terminal or axillary stems. The female cones are ovoid, oblong to spherical, 12-35 mm long, reddish-brown, composed of 15-25 spirally twisted woody scales, with many flat, are located singly at the ends of leafy branches. They are light brown, 3-6 mm in length and 0.5 mm in width, flat, lenticular, with two narrow leathery wings, spilling out when the cone dries and opens. Seedlings with 2 (rarely 4) cotyledons.
Sequoia sempervirens - young female cones
Ecology: It forms quite extensive forest areas on a narrow strip of the Pacific coast in the USA, from Southwestern Oregon to the Santa Lucia Range in California (at an altitude of 600-900 m), on a strip about 750 km long and 8 to 75 km wide. Sometimes the trees grow near the shore, sometimes they climb to a height of up to 920 m. The sequoia loves the humidity that the sea air brings with it, so its distribution is limited to coastal areas (within 60 km from the sea) in a zone of heavy fog.
Sequoia sempervirens - male cones
The breed has an increased ability to absorb moisture from the air. The tallest and oldest trees grow in gorges and deep ravines, where currents of humid air can reach all year round. Trees growing above the fog layer (above 700 m) are shorter and smaller due to drier, windier and cooler growing conditions. Prefers well-drained, fresh alluvial soils where it forms pure stands or grows with Pseudotsuga menziesii (Pseudotsuga menziesii),Sitka spruce And (R. sitchensis And Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ).
Sequoias have impressive growth in height, young trees sometimes grow at a rate of more than 1 m per year. This property places strong competitive pressure on associated conifers. Some of the tallest and narrowest individuals have formed in the redwood grove to keep up with growth. Pseudotsuga menziesii And Sitka spruce (R.itchensis) reaching heights of over 90 m. Per unit area, redwood forests have the highest biomass loads of any ecosystem on earth.
Sequoia sempervirens - young growth
This breed in nature creates a kind of forest biocenoses with rather complex animal and plant communities. Young trees branch in all directions, but with age, the lower branches fall off, and a closed canopy forms at the top. It practically does not transmit light to the ground; as a result, the undergrowth in the sequoia forest is rather poorly developed. Only ferns and other shade-loving plants can grow here, along with rare young sequoias.
Sequoia sempervirens - immature buds
An adult tree produces many seeds, but only a small part of them germinate successfully, and those that germinate are forced to fight with low light. Under natural conditions, such slow reproduction would be quite sufficient, since trees can live 3000 years, but with more active forest exploitation, young trees do not appear quickly enough to compensate for felling. In such a forest, 60 m from the ground, life is relatively impoverished.
Sequoia sempervirens - old cone
This is largely a consequence of vegetative self-reproduction after fire damage. The tree can be completely destroyed by fire, after which it quickly regenerates from a bunch of clonal stems. In some cases, a single tree can have over a hundred of these stems, essentially creating a single tree forest. The surfaces of the forks and pockets within this structure create reservoirs for water storage and enhance the biological activity of the soil, as well as providing habitat for various mammals, birds, amphibians and a huge variety of arthropods.
The list of "fun facts" includes the fact that the young growth after the fire receives carbohydrates, water and nutrients from common network fused roots from trees undamaged by fire, which allows the sequoia to displace other conifers and regenerate even in deep shade under its own canopy. This also explains the appearance of the so-called "white sequoias", which do not have chlorophyll in their leaves and are completely fed by root connections with photosynthetic trees.
Sequoia is a unique combination of age, size and weight, making these trees the largest and longest-lived creatures present on planet Earth today. The giant sequoia is second in life expectancy only to the bristlecone pines that are found in the arid mountains of the Sierra Nevada. Many trees live up to 2000 years - this is a long time. The oldest known saw cut of a tree has 2267 growth rings.
The question arises, can sequoias live forever? I guess, yes. There is little evidence to support the existence of aging in these conifers, and all very old trees can live many times longer. In fact, there are factors that determine longevity environment that age and kill trees. When a tree is resistant to these factors, or when the factors are weak, the tree can reach a respectable age of 3,000 years or more. Environmental factors is a statistical inevitability.
Sequoia sempervirens - old tree trunk
Old trees die mainly from the combined adverse effects of certain fungi, wind, fire or floods. The most common mortality in redwoods is due to stem or root rot, which leaves the tree vulnerable. Trees are prone to windblow due to the large windage of the crown with poorly developed or rot-damaged roots. The health of such trees never gets better and tends to get worse. Eventually the wind breaks or uproots the tree during a big storm. This happens especially often on swampy soils, when, due to flooding, the friction between the roots and the soil decreases.
This is one of the few trees adapted to forest fires. Fire is not terrible for a tree, but frequent fires can kill by repetition: one fire leaves a scar in the thick bark, the next enlarges the opening, where fungi subsequently settle, which infect the core, so that eventually the tree will fall. In culture, as a result of artificial plantings of the 19th and 20th centuries, there are small groves of evergreen Sequoia and its single specimens in Europe and Asia, usually in special botanical gardens and arboretums (for example, in Belgium).
In Russia, it is found in Western Transcaucasia, in Ukraine on the southern coast of Crimea. Three fruit-bearing trees at the limit of the cultural area grow in Transcarpathia (Mukachevo, Berezinka arboretum). Cultivation possible in USDA zones 7-10 (Hardiness between -17.7°C and -12.1°C) Winter hardiness increases with age. Thus, the experiment of introduction into forest crops in Ukraine in Transcarpathia) showed the result of tolerance to lower winter temperatures. Mature 30 m trees in zone 6b / 7a in forest conditions tolerate periodic short drops to -23.2 ° C without damage.
Sequoia sempervirens - underside of leaves
In BS them. Fomina in Kyiv grows with a wide squat bush, periodically freezes strongly but grows back. For successful introduction to more northern regions, it requires lateral lighting, the most protected, with a favorable microclimate of locations, moderately moist, well-drained, permeable soils and high air humidity. In general, it is not demanding on soils, does not tolerate blocking soils, and dry calcareous soils. Dwarf varieties of this species with slow growth can be tested in amateur collections in the 6th zone - in the Carpathian and Transcarpathian regions, in the south-west of Belarus, in Kaliningrad, on the coast in the Baltic countries.
Sequoia sempervirens - upper side of leaves
Reproduction and agricultural technology: This is one of the few vegetatively propagating conifers that easily regenerates with stump growth after fire damage. A peculiar consequence of this is the emergence of "white sequoias", which are non-photosynthetic coppice trees that take carbohydrates from photosynthetic associated roots with which the "white trees" have grown together. White sequoias are found only in old-growth forests, where the amount of biomass of photosynthetic sequoias is colossal, they usually do not exceed 3 meters in height. Nevertheless, there are isolated white sequoias up to 20 m in height, dressed in fresh, snow-white needles. Propagation by cuttings and seeds is similar to that of and.
Application: Biostability and durability make sequoia wood an ideal material for the manufacture of wooden pipes, gutters and trays, tanks, vats, roofing shingles, and for the exterior cladding of buildings. It is also used on racks and profile products for interior decoration. The wood is used in the production of plywood. The thick bark serves as raw material for fiber boards and filter media. Wood is valued for its beauty, strength, light weight and resistance to decay.
Commercial lumber plantings now cover large areas of private land in northern California. Such plantings are especially cost-effective because the tree propagates easily vegetatively and regenerates immediately after felling. More recently, at the beginning of the century before last, sequoias were the largest trees on earth, and almost all of them (more than 90% of the largest trees) were cut down in a frenzy. logging activities in just over a century. It all ended in the 1990s. The wood was used for construction, underwater structures, etc.
The hardest times began in 1850 with commercial demand for building timber mines, and continued until the 20th century. The deforestation of the redwoods was driven by the hype created by the California gold rush. Today, redwoods are among the most symbolically important tree species. They are revered by millions of people as an aesthetic symbol of intangible values of greatness and power. wildlife. Sequoia and ( Sequoia Sempervirens and Sequoiadendron giganteum ) is the state tree of California.
Today, the species is well protected in nature, it can be easily seen in several National Parks in California: in Redwood National Park (Red Forest) and in National Reserve Muir Forest. If you have never seen a grove of ancient sequoias, it is worth doing it at least once in your life. This view is one of the most beautiful sights anywhere in the world.
ld: The breed is only suitable for large parks and BS in warm temperate humid climates. Magnificent accent of the first order, landing singly or in small groups at the end of the alley or as a silhouette dominant in the background.
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