Yarovit. Folk myth about the sun About July for children

The mythology of the ancient Slavs was closely connected with nature. Our ancestors lived in symbiosis with the elements, and their rites and rituals were designed to emphasize this unity. The researchers note that the amplitude of the nature of the religious traditions of the Slavs was quite wide: from peaceful agricultural to cruel and bloody cults.

Mother - Cheese Earth

From time immemorial, the basis of Slavic mythology was the cult of a goddess named Mother - Cheese Earth. She gave life, she took it away. As the researcher of Slavic mythology Yu.I. Smirnov, the Slavs represented her in the image of a woman: grasses, bushes and trees - her lush hair, their roots - veins, rocks - bones, streams and rivers - living blood. They swore in the name of Mother Earth, while eating a pinch of earth, and this oath could not be broken, because the earth would not bear an oathbreaker. Until now, the expression "So that I can fall through the ground" has been preserved.
Grain was brought as a requirement for Mother Earth.

Cults of love and fertility

An echo of Slavic antiquity was the veneration of the Family; it was he who sent the souls of people from heaven to earth. The clan was considered the patron of men, and women were taken care of by his daughters - women in labor. Among women in labor, two are known: Lada and her daughter Lelya.

Lada was considered the protector of the family, the goddess of love and beauty, as well as fertility. Collector of Russian folk tales A.N. Afanasiev wrote: “In folk tales, lado still means a dearly beloved friend, lover, groom, husband, and in the female form (lada) - a mistress, bride and wife.” Goddess Lelya took care of the first spring sprouts, flowers and favored girlish love.

Women in childbirth brought gifts of flowers and berries. Fertility rituals were associated with the naked body.
A kind of rite was performed on the grain field with the aim of a good harvest. “The hostess lay down in the field and pretended to give birth, they put a loaf between her legs,” said Professor N.M. Nikolsky in the book "History of the Russian Church". On Holy Week last week Great Lent, they also conjured that the bread would be born better. The owner was shaking the plow, imitating plowing. A naked woman collected cockroaches in the corners, wrapped them in a rag and carried them out onto the road. They also slandered cattle and poultry.

In the Vyatka province, on Maundy Thursday, before sunrise, a naked mistress of the house had to run with an old pot to the garden and overturn it on a stake: the pot remained in this position on a stake throughout the summer - this protected the chickens from a bird of prey.

And near Kostroma, until the 18th century, such a pagan ritual was preserved: a naked girl sat down like a witch, broomed on a stalk and “circled” around the house three times.

Yarilo

It was a cheerful god of the spring sun and fertility, the patron of love and childbearing. His name comes from the word "yar" - "strength". The deity was represented not only as a young man in white clothes and on a white horse, but sometimes as a woman dressed in white trousers and a shirt and holding a stuffed human head in her right hand, and a bunch of ears in her left: symbols of life and death. Yarilo had a wreath of the first wildflowers on his head.

Yarilin Day was celebrated on April 27. On this day, the girl was put on a white horse, which was led around a ritual pillar or tree in a high place. Then they tied the horse and led a dance around, singing the coming of spring. The second holiday dedicated to Yarila was celebrated in the middle of summer before Petrovsky Lent. This time the deity was portrayed by a young man dressed in white clothes, decorated with ribbons and flowers. He led the holiday, which ended with refreshments and festivities.

Yarila was glorified as “spreading spring or morning sunlight, exciting plant power in grasses and trees and carnal love in people and animals, youthful freshness, strength and courage in a person” (P. Efimenko. “Zap. Imp. Rus. Geogr. General on the department of ethnography, 1868).

The cult of Veles - the god of animals and the underworld

The winged serpent Veles was revered as the patron of cattle and forest animals. He also ruled the underworld, and unquenchable fire was dedicated to him. When the bread was harvested, a bundle of uncompressed ears was left as a gift to Veles. For the health and fertility of livestock, a white lamb was slaughtered. The ritual of bringing human sacrifices to Veles is described in the "Legend of the construction of the city of Yaroslavl":
“When the first pasture of cattle came to the pastures, the sorcerer slaughtered the calf and the heifer for him, but at the usual time he burned the victims from wild animals, and on some very difficult days - from people. When the fire at Volos died out, the sorcerer was removed from the keremeti on the same day and hour, and another was chosen by lot, and this one slaughtered the sorcerer and, lighting a fire, burned his corpse in it as a sacrifice, the only one capable of amusing this formidable god "( Voronin N. Bear cult in the Upper Volga region of the XI century). New fire was allowed to be obtained only by rubbing wood against wood: then it was considered "alive".

With the advent of Christianity, Veles was replaced by a Christian saint with a similar name - the holy martyr Blasius. As the researcher of Slavic mythology Yu.I. Smirnov, on the day of the memory of this saint, February 24, the peasants treated their pets with bread and watered them with baptismal water. And if diseases attacked the cattle, people “plowed” the village - they laid a furrow around it with a plow and walked around with the icon of St. Blaise.

fire cult

The god of fire was Svarog (his other names are Svyatovit, Radegast) and his son Svarozhich. Fire was considered sacred by the Slavs. It was impossible to spit at him, to throw sewage. When the fire was burning, it was forbidden to swear. Healing and cleansing properties were attributed to fire. A sick man was carried through a fire in which they were supposed to die evil forces. Before the wedding, the bride and groom were carried out between two fires in order to cleanse and protect the future family from possible damage.

Breaking dishes at modern weddings is an echo of the worship of Svarog, only before they beat the pots on the stove.

Bloody sacrifices were also brought to Svarog, which were determined by lot or indicated by the priest. Most often they were animals, but there could also be people. “Among the various sacrifices, the priest is in the habit of sometimes sacrificing people - Christians, assuring that this kind of blood gives special pleasure to the gods” (Helmold. Slavic Chronicle, 1167-1168). Adam of Bremen in the chronicle of the 11th century “Acts of the Hamburg Bishops” tells about the death of John, Bishop of Mecklenburg: “The barbarians chopped off his arms and legs, threw his body on the road, cut off his head and, sticking it on a spear, sacrificed it to their god Radegast as a sign victory."

Cult of the gods of war

When princely power was consolidated, the primacy of the cult of fertility was replaced by the cult of war. Near Veliky Novgorod there was a temple - Peryn, where human sacrifices were made to the gods of this cult. One of the first written references to ritual murders can be considered a message in the Byzantine "Strategikon of Mauritius" (VI-VII centuries). In it, in particular, we are talking about the Slavic tribes of the Sklavins and Antes.

In former times, Peryn was an island, but in the 1960s, the water regime was disturbed by the construction of a bulk dam. As a result, the river around Peryn became shallow and the island united with the coast. In the Kiev sanctuary, arranged by Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich in 980, there were several idols: a wooden Perun with a silver head and a golden mustache, Khors, Dazhbog, Stribog, Simargl and Mokosh. About the sacrifices that were brought to these gods, there is evidence in a number of foreign sources.

The German Bishop Titmar of Merseburg wrote in the "Chronicles" (XI century):
“How many in that country [Slavic - ed.] regions, there are so many temples and images of individual demons that the infidels revere, but among them the mentioned city [temple - ed.] enjoys the greatest respect. They visit him when they go to war, and upon returning, if the campaign was successful, they honor him with appropriate gifts, and what kind of sacrifice the priests should bring in order for it to be desired by the gods, they guessed about it, as I already said, by means of a horse and lots. The wrath of the gods was propitiated by the blood of people and animals.

The Byzantine chronicler Leo the Deacon (mid-10th century) tells of the Byzantine siege of Prince Svyatoslav in the city of Dorostol. The author called all northern barbarians Scythians, but, of course, real Scythians no longer existed, and we are talking about pagan Slavs and Rus:

“The Scythians could not withstand the onslaught of the enemy; greatly dejected by the death of their leader (Ikmor, the second man in the army after Svyatoslav), they threw their shields behind their backs and began to retreat to the city, and the Romans pursued them and killed them. And so, when night fell and the full circle of the moon shone, the Scythians went out onto the plain and began to pick up their dead. They piled them up in front of the wall, made many fires and burned them, slaughtering many captives, men and women, according to the custom of their ancestors. Having made this bloody sacrifice, they strangled several infants and roosters, drowning them in the waters of Istra.

The fact of the sacrifice of captives and babies among the Slavs is confirmed by other medieval authors, as well as by archaeologists. B.A. Rybakov in his book "Paganism ancient Rus'”writes that the ancient settlement of Babina Gora on the banks of the Dnieper, which, in his opinion, belonged to the early Slavs, was a pagan sanctuary where babies were sacrificed. Evidence of this, according to the researcher, are children's skulls buried nearby without objects that usually accompanied burials. He suggests that Babina Gora "can be imagined as a sanctuary of a female deity like Makosh", where the victims were children.

Ibn Rust, early 10th century:
“They [Slavs - author] have healers, of whom others command the king, as if they were their bosses. It happens that they order to bring a sacrifice to their creator, whatever they want: women, men and horses, and even when the healers order, it is impossible not to fulfill their order in any way. Taking a person or animal, the healer puts a noose around his neck, hangs the victim on a log and waits until it suffocates, and says that this is a sacrifice to God.

The chronicle "The Tale of Bygone Years" mentions a young Christian whom the pagans wanted to sacrifice: John, son of Theodore Varyag. The son and his father were killed by a mob of pagan fanatics. Subsequently, the Church canonized them as holy martyrs. To which god the young Varangian was to be sacrificed, the chronicler does not specify. B.A. Rybakov believes that Perun. But only 8 years after the creation of the temple in Kyiv, Prince Vladimir converted to Christianity and “ordered to overthrow the idols - chop some and burn others. Perun ordered to be tied to a horse and dragged from the mountain along Borichev to the Brook and ordered twelve men to beat him with sticks. This was done not because the tree feels something, but to desecrate the demon, who deceived people in this image - so that he would accept retribution from people. The beaten Perun was thrown into the Dnieper, and the princely people were ordered to push him away from the shore until he passed the rapids.

Traditions of the Russian people

VIEWS OF THE SLAVES ON NATURE

Mother Earth Cheese lay in darkness and cold. She was dead - no light, no heat, no sounds, no movement. And the eternally young, eternally joyful bright Yar said: "Let's look through the pitch darkness at Mother Earth Cheese, is it good, is it good, will we have to think?"
And the flame of the gaze of the bright Yar in one wave pierced the immeasurable layers of darkness that lay above the fallen earth. And where Yarilin's gaze cut through the darkness, a red sun shone there.
And the hot waves of the radiant Yarili poured through the sun - into the light. Mother Earth Cheese awakened from sleep and spread out in youthful beauty, like a bride on a marriage bed… She greedily drank the golden rays of life-giving light, and from that light scorching life and languishing bliss spilled over her bowels.
The sweet speeches of the god of love, the eternally young god Yarila, are carried in sunny speeches: “Oh, you are a goy, Mother Earth Cheese! you will give birth to a myriad of lovely children from me ... "
Love the Earth of Yarilina's speech, she loved the god of light and from his hot kisses she was decorated with cereals, flowers, dark forests, blue seas, blue rivers, silvery lakes. She drank the hot kisses of Yarilina, and heavenly birds flew out of her bowels, forest and field animals ran out of dens, fish swam in rivers and seas, small flies and midges crowded in the air ... And everything lived, everything loved, and everything sang laudatory songs: father - Yarila, mother - Raw Earth.
And again, from the red sun, Yarila’s love speeches rush: “Oh, you are a goy, Mother Earth of Cheese! I decorated you with beauty, you gave birth to countless cute children, love me more than ever, give birth to my beloved offspring.”
Those speeches of the mother to the damp earth were love, she greedily drank the life-giving rays and gave birth to a man ... And when he came out of the bowels of the earth, Yarilo hit him on the head with a golden rein - a fierce lightning. And from that lightning the mind in man was born. Hello Yarilo beloved earthly son with heavenly thunders, streams of lightning. And from those thunders, from that lightning, all living creatures trembled in horror: heavenly birds flew away, oak forest animals hid in caves, one man raised his rational head to the sky and answered his father’s thunderous speech with a prophetic word, a winged speech ... And, hearing that word and seeing his king and lord, all the trees, all the flowers and cereals bowed before him, the animals, birds and every living creature obeyed him.
Mother Earth Cheese rejoiced in happiness, in joy, hoped that Yarilin's love had no end, no edge ... But for a short time the red sun began to sink, bright days shortened, Cold winds blew, song birds fell silent, oak forest animals howled, and shuddered from cold, king and lord of all breathing and non-breathing creatures ...
Clouded Mother Earth Cheese and from grief-sorrow watered her faded face with bitter tears - fractional rains. Mother Earth Cheese is crying: “Oh, the sail of the wind! .. Why are you breathing on me with a hateful cold? .. Yarilino’s eye is a red sun! .. Why are you warming and shining not as before? my children to die, and again I lie in darkness and cold! .. And why did I recognize the light, why did I recognize life and love? .. Why was I recognized with clear rays, with hot kisses of the god Yarila? ..
Silent Yarilo.
“I don’t feel sorry for myself,” Mother Earth Cheese cries, shrinking from the cold, “mother’s heart mourns for dear children.”
Yarilo says: “Do not cry, do not grieve, Mother Earth Cheese, I leave you for a while. Do not leave you for a while - you will burn to the ground under my kisses. Keeping you and our children, I will reduce heat and light for a while, leaves will fall on the trees , grasses and cereals will wither, you will dress with a snow cover, you will sleep and rest until my arrival ... The time will come, I will send a messenger to you - Red Spring, after Spring I myself will come.
Mother Earth Cheese is crying: “You don’t pity me, poor Yarilo, you don’t pity, bright God, your children! - to perish before everyone else, when you deprive us of heat and light ... "
Yarilo sprinkled lightning on the stones, doused the oak trees with a burning look. And he said to Mother Raw Earth: “So I poured fire on stones and trees. I myself am in that fire. With his mind-mind, a person will reach how to take light and heat from wood and stone. That fire is a gift to my beloved son. will be in fear and horror, he alone will serve.
And the god Yarilo departed from the Earth ... Violent winds rushed, covered Yarilino's eye with dark clouds - the red sun, white snows were applied, even in a shroud they enveloped Mother Earth Cheese in them. Everything froze, everything fell asleep, one person did not sleep, did not doze - he had the great gift of Father Yarila, and with him light and warmth ...
(P. Melnikov-Pechersky)

Yarilo and Mother Earth Cheese Tradition of the Russian people

Mother Earth Cheese lay in darkness and cold. She was dead - no light, no heat, no sounds, no movement. And the eternally young, eternally joyful bright Yar said: "Let's look through the pitch darkness at Mother Earth Cheese, is it good, is it good, will we have to think?"
And the flame of the gaze of the bright Yar in one wave pierced the immeasurable layers of darkness that lay above the fallen earth. And where Yarilin's gaze cut through the darkness, a red sun shone there.
And the hot waves of the radiant Yarili poured through the sun - into the light. Mother Earth Cheese awakened from sleep and spread out in youthful beauty, like a bride on a marriage bed… She greedily drank the golden rays of life-giving light, and from that light scorching life and languishing bliss spilled over her bowels.
The sweet speeches of the god of love, the eternally young god Yarila, are carried in sunny speeches: “Oh, you are a goy, Mother Earth Cheese! you will give birth to a myriad of lovely children from me ... "
Love the Earth of Yarilina's speech, she loved the god of light and from his hot kisses she was decorated with cereals, flowers, dark forests, blue seas, blue rivers, silvery lakes. She drank the hot kisses of Yarilina, and heavenly birds flew out of her bowels, forest and field animals ran out of dens, fish swam in rivers and seas, small flies and midges crowded in the air ... And everything lived, everything loved, and everything sang laudatory songs: father - Yarila, mother - Raw Earth.
And again, from the red sun, Yarila’s love speeches rush: “Oh, you are a goy, Mother Earth of Cheese! I decorated you with beauty, you gave birth to countless cute children, love me more than ever, give birth to my beloved offspring.”
Those speeches of the mother to the damp earth were love, she greedily drank the life-giving rays and gave birth to a man ... And when he came out of the bowels of the earth, Yarilo hit him on the head with a golden rein - a fierce lightning. And from that lightning the mind in man was born. Hello Yarilo beloved earthly son with heavenly thunders, streams of lightning. And from those thunders, from that lightning, all living creatures trembled in horror: heavenly birds flew away, oak forest animals hid in caves, one man raised his rational head to the sky and answered his father’s thunderous speech with a prophetic word, a winged speech ... And, hearing that word and seeing his king and lord, all the trees, all the flowers and cereals bowed before him, the animals, birds and every living creature obeyed him.
Mother Earth Cheese rejoiced in happiness, in joy, hoped that Yarilin's love had no end, no edge ... But for a short time the red sun began to sink, bright days shortened, Cold winds blew, song birds fell silent, oak forest animals howled, and shuddered from cold, king and lord of all breathing and non-breathing creatures ...
Clouded Mother Earth Cheese and from grief-sorrow watered her faded face with bitter tears - fractional rains. Mother Earth Cheese is crying: “Oh, the sail of the wind! .. Why are you breathing on me with a hateful cold? .. Yarilino’s eye is a red sun! .. Why are you warming and shining not as before? my children to die, and again I lie in darkness and cold! .. And why did I recognize the light, why did I recognize life and love? .. Why was I recognized with clear rays, with hot kisses of the god Yarila? ..
Silent Yarilo.
“I don’t feel sorry for myself,” Mother Earth Cheese cries, shrinking from the cold, “mother’s heart mourns for dear children.”
Yarilo says: “Do not cry, do not grieve, Mother Earth Cheese, I leave you for a while. Do not leave you for a while - you will burn to the ground under my kisses. Keeping you and our children, I will reduce heat and light for a while, leaves will fall on the trees , grasses and cereals will wither, you will dress with a snow cover, you will sleep and rest until my arrival ... The time will come, I will send a messenger to you - Red Spring, after Spring I myself will come.
Mother Earth Cheese is crying: “You don’t pity me, poor Yarilo, you don’t pity, bright God, your children! - to perish before everyone else, when you deprive us of heat and light ... "
Yarilo sprinkled lightning on the stones, doused the oak trees with a burning look. And he said to Mother Raw Earth: “So I poured fire on stones and trees. I myself am in that fire. With his mind-mind, a person will reach how to take light and heat from wood and stone. That fire is a gift to my beloved son. will be in fear and horror, he alone will serve.
And the god Yarilo departed from the Earth ... Violent winds rushed, covered Yarilino's eye with dark clouds - the red sun, white snows were applied, even in a shroud they enveloped Mother Earth Cheese in them. Everything froze, everything fell asleep, one person did not sleep, did not doze - he had the great gift of Father Yarila, and with him light and warmth ...

(P. Melnikov-Pechersky)

Sometimes you really want to find a fairy tale and read Slavic myths! fabulous times were once upon a time, around the time when everything in the world was beautiful, clean and bright, when people were trusting and cheerful, when people loved and believed in happiness. When it was? Was it a very long time ago or just in our childhood? Read the Slavic myth - a sweet, sincere story from the book "Gods and People", a fairy tale about Yarilo. And why do you want to cry? A fairy tale about Yarilo with a happy ending. Beautiful Slavic mythology about the sun, about God Yarilo and his help in love.

"The Tale of How Yarilo Helped in Love"

In the whole district from our village, both boys and girls were very much appreciated as brides and grooms. Economic guys, hard-working girls. And to sing and dance, and to lead round dances - no one can keep up with them. And the most enviable groom was Pride, Putyatin's son. The guy took everyone: the height was suitable, and the shoulders were with an oblique sazhen, and his face was bright. But he had a worthless temper - cocky, proud, he considered himself above everyone else. They didn't call him Pride for nothing. But in the work, too, he was always the first, everything was on fire in his hands. You can't say a bad word here. Well, the girls all courted him as best they could. He just doesn't look at girls. On a walk, it used to be the first in all games, the pillar blindly always cut down the first, so much so that his opponent's pillar fell down the pillar. But as soon as it comes to round dances, it turns around - and away. Gradually, he drove all the girls away from himself.

Only one, Yasunya, Milovanov's daughter, did not back down. She didn’t even look at other guys, she refused matchmakers. Milovan, for which he loved his daughter and did not captivate, began to scold her: - Look, Yasunya, you will make your way! You will be a century of one cuckoo! She just sighs.

And so, one day the day of the Discovery of Svarga came. Yarila, the God of the bright spring sun, love passion and fertility, was very honored in our village. The whole village participated in the celebration in the morning - both old and young. They were waiting for him to unlock Mother Earth with his key, so that spring waters flowed over it.

They go to Yarilina Gorka, each owner carries bread and salt, puts it in a pile, and a specially selected owner bows three times on three sides and utters an appeal to Yarila:

Goy you, Yarila fiery Force!
Coming from the sky, you take the keys
Unlock you Mother-Cheese Earth,
Let the dew warm and for the whole spring,
For a dry summer and a vigorous life!
Goy! Glory!

And all the people repeat this after him and also bow on three sides. Then they go to the fields, go around them three times and sing:

Dragging Yarilo
All over the wide world
He gave birth to a field of life,
He gave birth to children.
And where is his foot -
There is a lot of life there,
Where does he look?
There is an ear of flowers.

And in the evening they chose the most beautiful guy, put a wreath on his head, gave him a bird-cherry branch in his hands and danced around him, singing songs.

And we have Yarilin day,
I'll trample the grass-ant,
I will hold you, young...

Only young boys and girls were allowed to these evening games. After the round dance, they broke up into pairs and dispersed, some in the field, some in the forest. Yarilo approved of love very much. He even checked whether all the guys and girls were participating in the festivities. He walks, looks, asks if something is wrong.

Somehow, on such an evening, he walks through the village past the Proud House. Looks, a young guy, instead of having mercy on a girl, is chopping firewood in the yard. Yarilo was surprised. Thinking, "Something's wrong with this guy." Comes closer. He peered and was horrified: “The guy’s heart is icy! It can be seen Morena, the Goddess of Winter and Death kissed the guy! That's not the point! How did I not see that! Gotta save the guy!" Went on and everyone thinks how to help. And he sees a girl sitting on a bench, as sweet as a forest lily of the valley, but sad. And one is sitting. Also a mess. He sat down next to her and struck up a conversation. She turns away and closes her eyes. But who can stand against God Yarila. I learned that Yasunya's name is. He asked about her unhappy love for Pride. So there is a cure for Pride, - Yarilo was delighted. And he said: “I will help you, but you must do exactly as I say. Agree? - asks, and Yasunya whispers:

- “And Pride will not get any harm from this?”

Yarilo admired himself: “Here it is, true love! He worries about the dear, and does not think about himself!

And he says aloud: “You will do as I say, only good will come. It is necessary to melt his icy heart, otherwise he will not stay here for long, maybe soon he will leave for Nav, the world of shadows and death. And he hands her a branch of bird cherry with flowers. According to this branch, Yasunya recognized Yarila. I wanted to fall at my feet, but he did not allow it. “Listen further,” he says. - Do not let this branch out of your hands for a minute so that the strength remains in it. In the morning, when he goes to drive out the cattle, go up to him, and stand right in front of him and, without delay, so as not to change your mind, give him a branch, look into his eyes and quickly say: - One heart suffers, the other does not know. He will be at a loss, he has already lost the habit of hanging girls around his neck, he will take a branch and look at you. And as soon as it looks, it dries up. But you immediately turn around and walk away.

After that, the most difficult thing for you will begin. Your pride will start following you, asking for love in return. But every time you answer: - With what you came, with that you went, turn around and leave, do not show that you love. If you respond to love, you allow him to kiss, his heart will freeze even more than before, you won’t help in any way, and he will quickly leave for Nav.

And you need to hold out like this until the next Yarilina Stretch. Matchmakers will send, refuse. You can hint to your father that, they say, Yarilo ordered so, but not a word to anyone else. During this year, his heart will completely thaw, Morena will lose power over him. Hold on, in a year I myself will put a wreath on Pride. When you see my bird-cherry wreath on it, bring it to your father to bless. Then have mercy as much as you like."

Yasunya pressed a branch to her chest, breathed in the bird-cherry spirit. She raised her eyes to Yarila to thank him, but he was no longer there, he was just sitting next to him, and the trace was gone. But Yasunya nevertheless said, what good words I wanted to say: "God, he is God - he hears everything, knows everything."

That night, Yasunya never went to bed, pressed the branch to her face and gathered courage as she approached Pride. And in the morning, just before dawn broke, Yasunya was already waiting for Pride. He lived alone, his parents died, so he himself went after the cattle. Pride drives the cattle into the herd, and the girl hurries to cut him off. He glanced at her, wanting to move on. And she stood in front of him, holding out a blossoming bird-cherry branch. Out of surprise, he took a branch and raised his eyes to it. And she looks into his eyes and says: "One heart suffers, the other does not know." As the heat passed through his body, he looks at the girl, and she seems to him the sweetest of all in the world. "What's your name, honey? Whose daughter will you be?

And the beauty turned and walked away. He is behind her. And I forgot about the cattle. Caught up, does not let. And she was so strict to him: “With what you came, with that you went!” Dumbfounded Pride. Pride leaped up in him, he also turned and went, but he didn’t let go of Yarilin’s branch, the branch keeps the memory of the girl. And Yasunya ran home, choked with tears and did not know what she was crying about - either that Pride had finally noticed her, or that she had to push him away.

Although Pride was angry, he came to the party in the evening, looks out for Yasunya, asks the guys everything about her. But as soon as he approached her, she told him again: “With what he came, he went with that!”. And so it went day after day. He to her, she away from him.

The whole village was already tired of laughing at them, and they began to condemn Yasunya that his nose turned up from such a guy, sent matchmakers, refused. They began to say that, they say, the girl spoiled the boy. The girl brought dryness to the guy. But Yasunya remembers well that Yarilo punished: "Give in, drive the guy into Nav."

Here again, Yarilin's holidays have come. Pride is standing on the sidelines, watching Yasunya dance round dances. The heart melts with love, remembers how people say: "You can't stay without the sun, you can't live without the sweetheart." I did not notice how an unfamiliar guy approached, watching him, smiling. And then the guy says: “She loves bird cherry. Put on my bird cherry wreath, give her a bird cherry branch, Girls do not refuse such a gift.

Pride did not even have time to refuse, as the wreath was already on his head, and the branch was in his hands, and he himself was walking with a quick step towards Yasuna. And I forgot about the guy. Then Yasunya saw him - a wreath on his head, in the hands of a bird cherry tree, did not deceive Yarilo, did not forget the promise, jumped out of the round dance and, as if by chance, went towards him.

We met, he gave her a branch, hugged her, and so, embracing, they went. And all their lives, embracing, and lived. True love will melt an icy heart.

Such a fairy tale about Yarilo came out with us! Soon the time will come to dance, to meet the spring-red. Then remember the Slavic fairy tale about Yarilo, rejoice together with the whole world that winter has receded, and the hearts of people have thawed, filled with love!

You will find this fairy tale about Yarilo, and other magical stories in the book "Gods and People". Read Slavic myths, let them fill your soul with joy!

Target: to form an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe god Yaril, to introduce the rites of honoring his people through the expressive means of literature and visual arts.

Tasks:

educational:

form:

speech skills, reading, listening skills;

skills of educational, creative cooperation of children in the process of artistic and practical creative activity;

skills in paper-plastic technique, graphics;

developing:

develop:

ability to fully comprehend piece of art, emotionally respond to what is read;

memory, imaginative thinking, creative imagination;

active interest in the origins of Slavic culture;

educators:

bring up:

love for the motherland, interest in its thousands of years of history;

culture of moral and aesthetic perception and the need to preserve

artistic heritage of the Slavic people;

health-saving:

contribute to the health of children different type mental perception of information by changing activities.

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

Literary Reading Teacher:

Guys, today we will plunge into the world of the past of our Motherland. At a time when people lived in harmony with nature, loved and deified it. These words can serve as an epigraph to our lesson ( )

A people that does not know its history, its ancient roots, is doomed to perish. It is fortunate that our ancient legends about the Slavic gods have been at least partially preserved, transmitted to us by unknown storytellers, our distant ancestors. And after reading them, you can proudly say that you are the heirs of the ancient Slavs. You, just like them, will know and love your history, respect the traditions of your people and be proud of its thousands of years of history.

2. Repetition of the studied material .

Legends, legends, how else can you call it? (myths )

But what is a myth? What signs of a myth do you know? (stories about gods, heroes, myths reflect the fantastic ideas of people)

The teacher, summing up what has been said, gives a definition of myth.

A myth is a story (narration) about gods, heroes, spirits, reflecting the fantastic ideas of people about the world, nature and human existence.

With the myths of which peoples did we meet in previous lessons? (Greek, Khakass ) Name them.(“Arion”, “Dedalus and Icarus”, “Moon and Chilbigen”, etc.)

Returning to our words on the slide, tell me, what myth of the people will we get acquainted with today? (Slavic )

If a myth is a story about the gods, and we will get acquainted with the Slavic myth, we cannot but recall the Slavic gods. Let's remember what Slavic gods we met in the lessons of the world around us ( )

The slides show pictures of some Slavic gods, their names and brief description. Students read this information.

God Svarog - The Supreme Heavenly God, who controls the course of our Life and the entire World Order of the Universe.

God Perun – God is the Patron of all warriors, the protector of the Lands from the Dark Forces.

Mother of God Makosh - The Heavenly Mother of God, the Fair Goddess of a happy lot and Fate, together with her daughters Doley and Nedolya determines the Fates of the Heavenly Gods, as well as the fate of all people.

Dazhdbog - The Guardian God of the ancient Great Wisdom, the giver of all blessings, happiness and prosperity.

Stribog - God who controls lightning, whirlwinds, hurricanes, winds and sea storms.

Yarila - ….?( picture and description is missing on the slide )

What is God Yarila? Let's read the myth, and perhaps there we will find the answer to this question.

3. Learning new material.

A) Primary reading of the text.

The myth “Yarilo - the Sun” is read by four well-read students, according to the logical parts into which the entire text is divided.

What is the myth about? (about the origin of life on Earth, about the origin of man, about God Yaril)

What feelings did this piece evoke?(admiration, pride in a person, joy)

Teacher : Our main goal today in the lesson is to create an image of the god Yarila from individual information in the text, to draw his verbal portrait.

First, let's try to understand why it is so named? Let's pick up single-root words for the word Yarilo(angry, bright, furious). Let's find the meaning of the word "ardent" in explanatory dictionary S. Ozhegov and read.

B) Analysis of the literary image of Yarila

1 group : Read 1 paragraph in a chain one sentence at a time and answer the questions:

What was Mother Earth Cheese before the advent of Yarila? (was dead, no heat, no sounds)

- Is there a description of Yarila in the text? (forever young, forever joyful bright Yarilo )

What did Yarilo do to wake up the Earth?penetrated, cut through the layers of darkness, hot waves of radiant light poured)

2 group : read paragraphs 2 and 3 “to yourself” and answer the questions:

How did the Earth change with the advent of Yarila? (woke up, spread out in beauty, decorated with cereals, flowers, etc. )

How to understand the expression “greedily she drank the golden rays of the life-giving light”? What remedy artistic expressiveness used here? (personification)

- Who appeared on Earth under the influence of Yarilin light? (fish, animals, birds)

3 group : answer questions for paragraphs 4 and 5 by selective reading.

How was the birth of man and how did his mind arise?

How did Yarila welcome the birth of a person?

What did Yarila leave instead of himself when his strength weakened?(fire)

Teacher literary reading sums it up G:

Thus, we can say that Yarila is the god of the Sun, bringing young freshness, flourishing and fertility into the life of nature, awakening life.

Physical education minute

Now stand up quietly
We raised our hands to the sky
Stretched, smiled
“Hello, sunshine!”, - they said,
“Bowed to the right, to the left,” says the art teacher and continues the physical education session
Right left
We sat down together - back to business!

C) Acquaintance with the artistic images of Yarila.

enters

- It would be interesting to know, but how did the people portray God Yarilo? To answer this question, let's collect his image. (Students assemble an illustration depicting Yarila, cut into several parts)

Teacher:

- It looked like Yarila - a spring, young man in a white shirt, barefoot, with a wreath of wild flowers on his head, riding a white horse. ( )

April 23 - Yarila Veshny Day. What happened on this day?

From the first group, three students tell the information that lies on their table:

1st student: On this day, Yarila “unlocks” Mother Cheese-Earth and releases dew, which causes the rapid growth of herbs.

2nd student: The people said: “Yarila unlocks the Earth, releases the spring from under the bushel, drives out the green grass.”

3rd student: On this day, a solemn drive of cattle to pasture took place. According to custom, cattle and children were lightly hit with willow branches and sentenced: “The willow brought health! As the willow grows, so do you!

Teacher:

- ( ) - But the image of Yarila was not unambiguous, it changed during the summer, and many holidays were devoted to this.

And on June 4, Yarilo seemed different to the people . In one hand he held a bunch of rye, and in the other a club. What is this day?

Three students from the second group come out:

1st student: Day of honoring Yarila the Strong, or else he was called Yarila Wet.

2nd student: On this day, the owner always went to the field - “to look at the live”. Why is a specially baked pie placed in the seedlings. Then the owner steps back a few steps and looks to see if the pie is visible in shoots or not. If the cake is not visible, then the harvest will be good.

3rd student: Starting from this day, Yarila's spring power is waning up to Kupala.

Teacher:

July 7 is not only the day of Kupala, but also the day of seeing off Yarila. Which is no longer thought of as young, but as a gray-bearded old man who gave all his life-giving power to the Earth. ( )

1st student: On this day, it was customary to roll burning wheels from the nearest hill.

2nd student: A comic “funeral” of Yarila was held. For this, a straw effigy of the aged Yarila was made, which, according to the Law of Similarity, was buried by the same old man.

3rd student: Another version of Yarila's wires was as follows: around the old man, representing Yarila, they danced.

Fine art teacher:

-We learned a lot about the god Yaril and we can conclude who he is.

( ).

- Yarilo is the image of the Sun-God. God of awakening nature and fertility, symbol of strength and love. Patron flora. In honor of him, people began to give names to their children in order to be strong and ardent for them - Yaropolk, Yaromir, Yaroslav.

But we do not know with what words people addressed Yarila. We will recognize them after we transform our Earth in the likeness of Yarila (on the board the image of the unlived Earth ). To do this, we will work in groups.

4. Fixing the material.

creative work in groups. (during the work, music with birdsong sounds)

Group 1: create images of people in folk costumes;

Group 2: create an image of a blooming Earth (flowers, trees);

Group 3: create an image of the sky (clouds, birds, sun)

5. Creation of team work.

After completing the work in groups, a collective work is created, depicting a holistic image of the world.

Fine art teacher:

Have we changed our Earth? What did she become?beautiful, elegant, blooming)

Thanks to your creative work, words appeared in our work with which people turned to Yarila, honoring him.( )

The student expressively reads the words written on the slide.

Hello, Yarila Trisvetly!
Glorious and Trislaven be!
You bring forth the fruits of our fields
And our valiant strength!
Yes, to the glory of the Heavenly Family
And Mother Earth!
So it was, so it is
And so it will be!

6. The result of the lesson.

Literary Reading Teacher:

Let's sum up the lesson. What new did you learn in the lesson? What have you learned? What did you find most interesting?

7. Homework.

1 group. Find and write out obsolete words, explain their meaning.

2 group. Find and write out from the text a metaphor, comparison and personification.

3rd group. An expressive reading of the excerpt "Earth Awakening".

8. Reflection.

Fine art teacher:

If you liked the lesson, you learned a lot of new and interesting things, let each of you complement our sun(on a board on a sheet of whatman paper the sun without rays) with your ray of knowledge.

You did a great job today, well done! And I want to finish the lesson with the words of the commandment left to us by our Slavic ancestors( )

Each act you perform leaves its indelible mark on the eternal Path of your life, and therefore, people, do only beautiful and good deeds, but to the Glory of your Gods and Ancestors, for the edification of your descendants!