stable atmospheric pressure. Atmosphere pressure

Man is far from being the king of nature, but rather her child, an integral part of the universe. We live in a world where everything is strictly interconnected and subject to a single system.

Everyone knows that the Earth is surrounded by a dense air mass, which is commonly called the atmosphere. And any object, including the human body, is “pressed” by an air column that has a certain weight. Scientists empirically managed to establish that every square centimeter of the human body is affected by Atmosphere pressure weighing 1.033 kilograms. And if you carry out simple mathematical calculations, it turns out that on average a person is under pressure of 15550 kg.

The weight is colossal, but, fortunately, completely imperceptible. Perhaps this is due to the presence of dissolved oxygen in human blood.
What is the effect of atmospheric pressure on a person? A little more about this.

Atmospheric pressure norm

Doctors, in a conversation about what atmospheric pressure is considered normal, indicate a range of 750 ... .760 mm Hg. Such a spread is quite acceptable, since the relief of the planet is not perfectly even.

Meteorological dependence

Doctors say that the body of some people is able to adapt to any conditions. They do not care even for such serious tests as long-distance flights by plane from one climate zone in another.

At the same time, others, without leaving their apartment, feel the approach of changes in the weather. This can manifest itself in the form of severe headaches, inexplicable weakness, or constantly wet palms, for example. Such people are more likely to be diagnosed with diseases of the vessels and the endocrine system.

It is especially difficult when atmospheric pressure makes sudden jump for a short time. According to statistics, most of the people whose body reacts so violently to changes in atmospheric pressure indicators are women living in large cities. Unfortunately, the rigid rhythm of life, overcrowding, ecology are not the best companions of health.

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How does our body react to increased atmospheric pressure?

Atmospheric pressure (norm for a person) - ideally 760 mm Hg. But such an indicator is very rarely kept.

As a result of an increase in pressure in the atmosphere, clear weather is established, there are no sharp changes in humidity and air temperature. The body of hypertensive patients and allergy sufferers actively reacts to such changes.

In the conditions of the city, in calm weather, naturally, gas pollution makes itself felt. The first to feel this are patients who have a problem with the respiratory organs.

An increase in atmospheric pressure also affects the immune system. Specifically, this is expressed in a decrease in leukocytes in the blood. It will not be easy for a weakened body to cope with infections.

Doctors advise:

Start the day with light morning exercises. Take a contrast shower. For breakfast, give preference to foods that are high in potassium (cottage cheese, raisins, dried apricots, bananas). Don't allow yourself to eat too much. Don't overeat. This day is not the most successful for great physical effort and the manifestation of emotions. Arriving home, rest for an hour, do routine household chores, go to bed earlier than usual.

Low atmospheric pressure and well-being

Low atmospheric pressure, how much is it? Answering the question, we can conditionally say if the barometer reading is lower than 750 mm Hg. But it all depends on where you live. In particular, for Moscow, indicators of 748-749 mm Hg. are the norm.

Among the first to feel this deviation from the norm are “cores” and those who have intracranial pressure. They complain of general weakness, frequent migraines, lack of oxygen, shortness of breath, as well as pain in the intestines.

Doctors advise:

Bring your blood pressure back to normal. Reduce physical stress. Include ten minutes of rest in every working hour. Drink more liquid, preferring green tea with honey. Drink morning coffee. Take herbal tinctures indicated for cores. Relax in the evenings under a contrast shower. Go to bed earlier than usual.

How changes in humidity affect the body

Low air humidity of 30 - 40 percent is not useful. It irritates the nasal mucosa. Asthmatics and allergy sufferers are the first to feel this deviation. In this case, moisturizing the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx with a slightly salty aqueous solution can help.

Frequent precipitation naturally raises the air humidity to 70-90 percent. It also negatively affects health.
High air humidity can exacerbate chronic diseases of the kidneys and joints.

Doctors advise:

Change the climate, if possible, to dry. Reduce your time outdoors in wet weather. Go for a walk in warm clothes. Remember vitamins

Atmospheric pressure and temperature

The optimum temperature for a person in a room is not higher than +18. This is especially true for the bedroom.

How is the mutual influence of atmospheric pressure and oxygen formed?

In the case of an increase in air temperature and a simultaneous decrease in atmospheric pressure, people with diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory organs suffer.

If the temperature drops and atmospheric pressure rises, it becomes bad for hypertensive patients, asthmatics and those who have problems with the stomach and genitourinary system.

In the event of a sharp and repeated fluctuation in temperature in the body, an unacceptably a large number of histamine, the main provocateur of allergies.

Good to know

What is the normal atmospheric pressure for a person, now you know. This is 760 mm Hg, but the barometer records such indicators very rarely.

It is also important to remember that the change in atmospheric pressure with height (while it rapidly decreases) occurs quite sharply. It is because of such a drop that a person climbing a mountain very quickly can lose consciousness.

In Russia, atmospheric pressure is measured in mm Hg. But international system takes pascals as the unit of measure. In this case, the normal atmospheric pressure in pascals will be equal to 100 kPa. If we convert our 760 mm Hg. in pascals, then the normal atmospheric pressure in pascals for our country will be 101.3 kPa.

Weather-dependent people are more likely than others to be interested in what atmospheric pressure is considered normal for a person. The weight of the air mass is so great that the human body can withstand a load of more than 15 tons. Not to feel such a load helps compensation, which is carried out by pressure internal organs. When, due to malfunctions in the body, the adaptation system fails, a weather-dependent person becomes a slave to a weather cataclysm. The intensity of the symptoms depends on how low or high the blood pressure is.

What does the barometer say?

It is known that the force of pressure of the air shell of the Earth on 1 cm² of the surface is balanced by a column of mercury 760 mm high. This indicator is taken as the norm. When the barometer reads above 760 mm mercury column, speak of increased atmospheric pressure when less than 760 mm Hg. Art. - about reduced. Considering the fact that the Earth's surface is heated unevenly and the relief is not uniform (mountains, lowlands), barometer readings will differ.

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Favorable weather

Every person is unique. Also unique will be the norm of atmospheric pressure for him. Someone will not notice the flight to another climate zone, and someone will feel the approach of a cyclone, which will manifest itself as a headache and "twisting" the knees. Others climbed higher into the mountains and feel great, not paying attention to the rarefied air. A set of natural and weather conditions under which you can feel comfortable and have normal atmospheric pressure for a person. The older a person gets, the more he feels climate change.

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Table of optimal weather conditions

Everyone is influenced not only by atmospheric pressure, but also by air temperature, humidity both outside and in the house. Optimal performance and possible consequences deviations from the norm are given in the table:

Atmosphere pressure	750-760 mmHg Art.	above 760 mm Hg. Art.	less than 750 mm Hg. Art.
Influence	Comfortable for human well-being.	headache, weakness, decrease in immunity.	pulse quickens, difficulty breathing, increased content of leukocytes in the blood.
Air temperature	18-20°C	Above 25°C	Less than 16°C
Impact	Suitable for work, leisure, sleep.	Exceeding the air temperature even by 5 ° C from the norm leads to a significant decrease in performance, overwork.	the speed of thought processes slows down, difficult to switch from one task to another.
Humidity	50-55%	Less than 45%	Over 60%
Effect	Comfortable to feel.	The mucous surface of the nasopharynx dries up, its ability to resist viruses and bacteria is reduced.	The body's resistance to cold decreases.

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What is weather dependence?

Meteorological dependence is the inability of the human body to adapt to changing weather conditions.

People suffering from vegetovascular dystonia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and endocrine diseases are more prone to weather dependence. The baroreceptors of our organs respond to the approach of a cyclone or anticyclone, lowering or increasing blood pressure, making it dependent on weather conditions.

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The effect of high atmospheric pressure on arterial

The body has the ability to equalize atmospheric pressure with arterial pressure.

An increase in atmospheric pressure forces the blood pressure to equalize the imbalance. Arterial pressure decreases, the walls of blood vessels expand. Consequences of hypotension:

• concerned about poor health and general weakness;
• suffer from headaches;
• there is an unpleasant "congestion" in the ears;
• exacerbated chronic diseases.

The blood chemistry under these conditions will show a decrease in white blood cell levels, which means that the immune system will have a harder time dealing with an infection or virus. The best decision in such situation:

• do not overwork and have a good rest;
• limit the intake of alcoholic beverages at this time;
• enrich the diet with foods containing potassium (dried fruits) and magnesium (cereal cereals, rye bread).

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The effect of low atmospheric pressure on a person

The drop in barometric pressure when the weather changes leads to symptoms that are similar to mountain climbing. An insufficient amount of oxygen is unable to saturate the organs of the human body. Shortness of breath appears, the heart beats more often, pain presses in the temples and compresses the head with a hoop. People with increased intracranial pressure, head injuries, and cardiovascular diseases react sharply to this.

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How to deal with weather dependence?

• nutrition - limit the intake of fatty, salty foods, focus on dairy products, fruits and vegetables;
• work - to balance periods of rest and intensive work take a break more often;
• sleep - it should be sufficient, not exceed 7-8 hours, a good solution is not to go to bed later than 11 pm;
• physical activity - regular, moderately intense (daily morning exercises, jogging in summer, skiing in winter);
• water procedures - rubdowns with cool water are shown, too hot baths are not recommended.

It is very difficult to find a favorable, ideal condition for life, taking into account the weather effect on a person. The optimal treatment of meteorological dependence should be aimed at increasing the elasticity of the vessel walls. Strengthen the cardiovascular system, align the mental and emotional background. To feel more comfortable, a weather-dependent person is recommended by doctors to take natural adaptogens, such as: tinctures of ginseng, eleutherococcus, hawthorn.

Our Earth has an atmosphere that puts pressure on everything that is inside it. In 1634, the Italian scientist Torricelli was the first to determine the value equal to atmospheric pressure. The influence of its changes on a person is studied by scientists of various specialties. As it turned out, atmospheric pressure depends on temperature, air density, altitude, gravity, latitude. It is subject to constant fluctuations.

What atmospheric pressure is considered normal? What does it equal? Physicists answer: 760 millimeters of mercury. The measurement must be carried out exactly at sea level, and the temperature must correspond to 15 degrees.

On a square centimeter of a body, normal pressure acts as a weight of 1.033 kg, but we do not notice it. This is because air gases are dissolved in tissue fluids. They completely balance the pressure of the atmosphere. Disbalance during weather changes is perceived as a deterioration in well-being. What atmospheric pressure is considered normal? Obviously, one that does not have a negative effect on the body. According to doctors, it is equal to 750 mm. rt. Art.

However, people living in places below or above sea level in conditions of permanently elevated or reduced pressure, adapting, tolerate it well. Therefore, what atmospheric pressure is considered normal for health also depends on our adaptation.

It is not so much atmospheric pressure itself that has a negative effect, but its rapid changes. Drops or rises in pressure cause deterioration of health, heart problems. Normal atmospheric pressure is imperceptible to humans. But with a rapid change in its air, located in various cavities of the body, acts on the baroreceptors of the internal organs. Some people experience malaise, joint pain, pressure surges and other unpleasant phenomena.

For example, eardrums hurt, abdominal pains bother. This is due to the fact that the air in the body cavities presses on their walls. This is especially true during cyclones. Anticyclones have less negative impact on the body.

There may be pain in the heart, palpitations, heart rhythm disturbances. Dizziness, heart pain, difficulty breathing - these are the most typical complaints. Nervous system reacts with increased anxiety, irritability. Some people have increased aggressiveness, conflict. This is due to the impulses coming from the baroreceptors to the brain during a change in atmospheric pressure.

The dependence of well-being on the weather - that's what weather dependence is. It is most pronounced in people with chronic diseases of blood vessels, heart, lungs and joints.

What atmospheric pressure is considered normal in your area, you can find out at the weather station. Usually, meteorologists, when making forecasts, the pressure at each specific point leads to the pressure at sea level using a special formula.

The change in atmospheric pressure is of particular importance when ascending to great heights. High in the mountains decreases partial pressure oxygen. This leads to a decrease in blood saturation with it and the development of hypoxia - high-altitude, or mountain sickness. At high altitude, pulmonary edema can develop, leading to death if left untreated.

When the aircraft cabin is depressurized at high altitude, a sharp drop in pressure leads to the fact that all liquids human body boil. Air vascular embolism, paralysis, paresis and heart attacks of various organs develop.

Atmospheric pressure must be taken into account not only when climbing to a great height, but also during work related to the transition to an environment with low or high pressure. For this, special caisson chambers are used. Violation of safety regulations while working in them can lead to decompression sickness.

If you suffer from weather dependence, follow the weather forecasts. Timely taken medications will make it easier for you to endure jumps in atmospheric pressure.

Atmosphere pressure

The air surrounding the Earth has mass, and despite the fact that the mass of the atmosphere is about a million times less than the mass of the Earth (the total mass of the atmosphere is 5.2 * 1021 g, and 1 m3 of air near the earth's surface weighs 1.033 kg), this mass of air exerts pressure on all objects on the earth's surface. The force with which air presses on earth's surface, is called atmospheric pressure.

A column of 15 tons of air presses on each of us. Such pressure can crush all living things. Why don't we feel it? This is explained by the fact that the pressure inside our body is equal to atmospheric pressure.

Thus, internal and external pressures are balanced.

Barometer

Atmospheric pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). To determine it, they use a special device - a barometer (from the Greek baros - gravity, weight and metreo - I measure). There are mercury and non-liquid barometers.

Liquid-free barometers are called aneroid barometers(from the Greek a - a negative particle, nerys - water, i.e. acting without the help of a liquid) (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Aneroid barometer: 1 - metal box; 2 - spring; 3 - transmission mechanism; 4 - arrow pointer; 5 - scale

normal atmospheric pressure

Air pressure at sea level at a latitude of 45° and at a temperature of 0°C is conventionally taken as normal atmospheric pressure. In this case, the atmosphere presses on every 1 cm2 of the earth's surface with a force of 1.033 kg, and the mass of this air is balanced by a column of mercury 760 mm high.

The Torricelli Experience

The value of 760 mm was first obtained in 1644. Evangelista Torricelli(1608-1647) and Vincenzo Viviani(1622-1703) - students of the brilliant Italian scientist Galileo Galilei.

E. Torricelli soldered a long glass tube with divisions from one end, filled it with mercury and lowered it into a cup with mercury (this is how the first mercury barometer was invented, which was called the Torricelli tube). The level of mercury in the tube dropped as some of the mercury spilled into the cup and settled at 760 millimeters. A void formed above the column of mercury, which was called Torricelli's void(Fig. 2).

E. Torricelli believed that the pressure of the atmosphere on the surface of the mercury in the cup is balanced by the weight of the mercury column in the tube. The height of this column above sea level is 760 mm Hg. Art.

Rice. 2. Torricelli experience

1 Pa = 10-5 bar; 1 bar = 0.98 atm.

High and low atmospheric pressure

Air pressure on our planet can vary widely. If the air pressure is greater than 760 mm Hg. Art., then it is considered increased less - lowered.

Since the air becomes more and more rarefied with ascent, atmospheric pressure decreases (in the troposphere, on average, 1 mm for every 10.5 m of ascent). Therefore, for territories located at different heights above sea level, the average value of atmospheric pressure will be different. For example, Moscow lies at an altitude of 120 m above sea level, so the average atmospheric pressure for it is 748 mm Hg. Art.

Atmospheric pressure rises twice during the day (morning and evening) and falls twice (after noon and after midnight). These changes are associated with changes in temperature and air movement. During the year on the continents, the maximum pressure is observed in winter, when the air is supercooled and compacted, and the minimum pressure is observed in summer.

The distribution of atmospheric pressure over the earth's surface has a pronounced zonal character. This is due to uneven heating of the earth's surface, and consequently, a change in pressure.

On the globe, there are three belts with a predominance of low atmospheric pressure (minimums) and four belts with a predominance of high pressure (maximums).

In the equatorial latitudes, the surface of the Earth warms up strongly. The heated air expands, becomes lighter and therefore rises. As a result, low atmospheric pressure is established near the earth's surface near the equator.

At the poles, under the influence of low temperatures, the air becomes heavier and sinks. Therefore, at the poles, atmospheric pressure is increased by 60-65 ° compared to latitudes.

In the high layers of the atmosphere, on the contrary, over hot areas the pressure is high (although lower than at the Earth's surface), and over cold areas it is low.

The general scheme of distribution of atmospheric pressure is as follows (Fig. 3): along the equator there is a belt low pressure; at 30-40 ° latitude of both hemispheres - belts high pressure; 60-70 ° latitude - low pressure zones; in the polar regions - areas of high pressure.

As a result of the fact that in temperate latitudes northern hemisphere in winter, atmospheric pressure over the continents rises greatly, the low pressure belt is interrupted. It persists only over the oceans in the form of closed areas of low pressure - the Icelandic and Aleutian lows. Over the continents, on the contrary, winter maxima are formed: Asian and North American.

Rice. 3. General scheme of distribution of atmospheric pressure

In summer, in the temperate latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, the low atmospheric pressure belt is restored. A huge area of ​​low atmospheric pressure centered in tropical latitudes - the Asian Low - is forming over Asia.

In tropical latitudes, the continents are always hotter than the oceans, and the pressure over them is lower. Thus, over the oceans throughout the year there are maxima: North Atlantic (Azores), North Pacific, South Atlantic, South Pacific and South Indian.

The lines that climate map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure are called isobars(from the Greek isos - equal and baros - heaviness, weight).

The closer the isobars are to each other, the faster atmospheric pressure changes over distance. The amount of change in atmospheric pressure per unit distance (100 km) is called pressure gradient.

The formation of atmospheric pressure belts near the earth's surface is influenced by the uneven distribution of solar heat and the rotation of the Earth. Depending on the season, both hemispheres of the Earth are heated by the Sun in different ways. This causes some movement of atmospheric pressure belts: in summer - to the north, in winter - to the south.

Instruments for measuring atmospheric pressure are called barometers. The pressure is determined by the weight of the column atmospheric air pressing on a given area of ​​the Earth's surface. Because the overlying air is thinner at higher altitudes, such as the top of a mountain, atmospheric pressure decreases with height. Atmospheric pressure also changes with the movement of air masses that form cold and warm atmospheric fronts. Therefore, it is possible to predict the weather from barometer readings.

There are two main types of barometers currently in use: mercury and aneroid. The mercury barometer, invented in 1643 by the Italian scientist Evangelista Torricelli, uses a mercury-filled glass tube that rises and falls as atmospheric pressure increases or decreases. An aneroid barometer, similar to the one shown on the right, was invented in 1843 by the French scientist Lucien Vidie. The main part of the aneroid is a small corrugated metal membrane box, from which the air is almost completely evacuated (diagram below). When atmospheric pressure changes, the membrane box expands or contracts. The sensitive mechanism converts the movement of the membranes into a circular movement of the arrow showing the pressure value on the scale of the device.

Internal arrangement of an aneroid barometer

A series of levers within the barometer amplify small movements as the membrane box expands and contracts. Most aneroid barometers are less than 20 cm across.

(Figure at the top of the article)

The thin stylus of a barograph continuously records atmospheric pressure on a rotating drum.

A change in atmospheric pressure causes the mercury in the tubes to rise or fall. The height of the mercury columns depends only on atmospheric pressure, the diameter and shape of the tubes do not matter. At sea level, the mercury column rises by 760 millimeters.

Two simple metal hemispheres demonstrate the existence of atmospheric pressure. After all the air is pumped out of the hemispheres and a vacuum has formed in them, atmospheric pressure makes it impossible to separate them.

For normal atmospheric pressure, it is customary to take the air pressure at sea level at a latitude of 45 degrees at a temperature of 0 ° C. Under these ideal conditions, a column of air presses on each area with the same force as a column of mercury 760 mm high. This figure is an indicator of normal atmospheric pressure.

Atmospheric pressure depends on the height of the area above sea level. On a hill, the indicators may differ from ideal, but at the same time they will also be considered the norm.

Atmospheric pressure standards in different regions

As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases. So, at an altitude of five kilometers, the pressure indicators will be approximately two times less than at the bottom.

Due to the location of Moscow on a hill, the pressure here is considered to be 747-748 mm of column. In St. Petersburg, normal pressure is 753-755 mmHg. This difference is explained by the fact that the city on the Neva is located lower than Moscow. In some areas of St. Petersburg, you can meet the ideal pressure rate of 760 mm Hg. For Vladivostok normal pressure is 761 mmHg. And in the mountains of Tibet - 413 mm of mercury.

The effect of atmospheric pressure on people

A person gets used to everything. Even if the normal pressure is low compared to the ideal 760 mmHg, but is the norm for the area, people will.

A person's well-being is affected by a sharp fluctuation in atmospheric pressure, i.e. decrease or increase in pressure by at least 1 mmHg for three hours

With a decrease in pressure, there is a lack of oxygen in the human blood, hypoxia of the cells of the body develops, and the heartbeat quickens. Headaches appear. There are difficulties on the part respiratory system. Due to poor blood supply, a person may be disturbed by pain in the joints, numbness of the fingers.

An increase in pressure leads to an excess of oxygen in the blood and tissues of the body. The tone of blood vessels increases, which leads to their spasms. As a result, the blood circulation of the body is disturbed. There may be visual disturbances in the form of the appearance of "flies" before the eyes, dizziness, nausea. A sharp increase in pressure to large values ​​\u200b\u200bcan lead to rupture of the ear tympanic membrane.

Atmospheric pressure is the force with which the air around us presses on the earth's surface. The first person to measure it was Galileo Galilei's student Evangelista Torricelli. In 1643, together with his colleague Vincenzo Viviani, he conducted a simple experiment.

The Torricelli Experience

How could he determine atmospheric pressure? Taking a meter tube, sealed at one end, Torricelli poured mercury into it, closed the hole with his finger and, turning it over, lowered it into a bowl also filled with mercury. At the same time, part of the mercury spilled out of the tube. The mercury column stopped at 760 mm. from the surface level of mercury in the bowl.

Interestingly, the result of the experiment did not depend on the diameter, inclination, or even the shape of the tube - the mercury always stopped at the same level. However, if the weather suddenly changed (and the atmospheric pressure fell or rose), the mercury column fell or rose by a few millimeters.

Since then, atmospheric pressure has been measured in millimeters of mercury, and the pressure is 760 mm. rt. Art. is considered equal to 1 atmosphere and is called normal pressure. So the first barometer was created - a device for measuring atmospheric pressure.

Other ways to measure atmospheric pressure

Mercury is not the only liquid that can be used to measure atmospheric pressure. Many scientists at different times built water barometers, but since water is much lighter than mercury, their tubes rose to a height of up to 10 m. In addition, water already turned into ice at 0 ° C, which created certain inconveniences.

Modern mercury barometers use Torricelli's principle, but are somewhat more complex. For example, a siphon barometer is a long glass tube bent into a siphon and filled with mercury. The long end of the tube is sealed, the short one is open. A small weight floats on the open surface of the mercury, balanced by a counterweight. When the atmospheric pressure changes, the mercury moves, dragging the float along with it, and that, in turn, sets in motion a counterweight associated with the arrow.

Mercury barometers are used in stationary laboratories and meteorological stations. They are very accurate, but quite cumbersome, so at home or in the field, atmospheric pressure is measured using a liquid-free or aneroid barometer.

How an aneroid barometer works

In a liquidless barometer, fluctuations in atmospheric pressure are perceived by a small round metal box with rarefied air inside. The aneroid box has a thin corrugated membrane wall, which is pulled back by a small spring. The membrane bulges outward when atmospheric pressure falls and pushes inward when it rises. These movements cause deviations of the arrow moving along a special scale. The scale of the aneroid barometer is aligned with the mercury barometer, but it is still considered a less accurate instrument, since over time the spring and membrane lose their elasticity.

Approximately one third of the population of our planet is sensitive to changes environment. Most of all, human well-being is affected by atmospheric pressure - the attraction of air masses to the Earth. What atmospheric pressure is considered normal for a person depends on the area in which he stays most of the time. Everyone will feel comfortable in the conditions familiar to him.

What is atmospheric pressure

The planet is surrounded by an air mass, which, under the influence of gravity, presses on any object, including human body. The force is called atmospheric pressure. A column of air weighing approximately 100,000 kg presses on each square meter. Atmospheric pressure is measured with a special device - a barometer. It is measured in pascals, millimeters of mercury, millibars, hectopascals, atmospheres.

The normal atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg. Art., or 101 325 Pa. The discovery of the phenomenon belongs to the famous physicist Blaise Pascal. The scientist formulated the law: at the same distance from the center of the earth (does not matter, in the air, at the bottom of the reservoir), the absolute pressure will be the same. He was the first to propose measuring heights by barometric equalization.

Atmospheric pressure norms by region

It is impossible to find out what atmospheric pressure is considered normal for a healthy person - there is no definite answer. For different regions the globe the impact is not the same. Within a relatively small area, this value can vary markedly. For example, in Central Asia slightly elevated numbers are considered standard (average 715-730 mm Hg). For central Russia, normal atmospheric pressure is 730-770 mm Hg. Art.

The indicators are related to the elevation of the surface above sea level, wind direction, humidity and ambient temperature. Warm air weighs less than cold air. Over an area with elevated temperature or humidity, the compression of the atmosphere is always less. People living in high mountain areas are not sensitive to such barometer readings. Their body was formed in these conditions, and all organs underwent appropriate adaptation.

How pressure affects people

The ideal value is 760 mm Hg. Art. What awaits when the mercury column fluctuates:

1. A change in optimal performance (up to 10 mm/h) already leads to a deterioration in well-being.
2. With a sharp increase, decrease (on average by 1 mm / h), even in healthy people there is a significant deterioration in well-being. There is a headache, nausea, loss of working capacity.

Meteorological dependence

Human sensitivity to weather conditions - wind changes, geomagnetic storms - is called meteorological dependence. The influence of atmospheric pressure on is not yet fully understood. It is known that when weather conditions change, internal tension is created inside the vessels and cavities of the body. Meteorological dependence can be expressed:

• irritability;
• pains of various localization;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• general deterioration of well-being;
• vascular problems.

In most cases, weather dependence affects people with the following diseases:

• disease respiratory tract;
• hypo- and hypertension.

Response to high blood pressure

A decrease in the barometer by at least 10 units (770 mm Hg and below) has a negative impact on health. Particularly affected by weather changes are people with long-standing diseases of the cardiovascular and digestive system. Doctors on such days recommend reducing physical exercise, less to be on the street, do not abuse junk food and alcohol. Among the main reactions:

• feeling of congestion in the ear canals;
• decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood;
• decreased activity of intestinal motility;
• functionality violation of cardio-vascular system;
• poor ability to concentrate.

Reaction to reduced atmospheric pressure

Lowering the compression of the atmosphere to 740 mm or less causes opposite shifts in the body. At the heart of all adverse changes is oxygen starvation. A rarefaction of air is created, a low percentage of oxygen molecules: it becomes harder to breathe. Arise.