Okudzhava Bulat - biography, facts from life, photographs, reference information. Okudzhava Bulat: biography, personal life, creativity, memory Okudzhava's biography briefly and interesting facts

Bulat Okudzhava- Soviet and Russian bard, poet, translator, composer, philologist and film actor. During his biography, he composed more than two hundred songs.

Okudzhava, along with Vysotsky and Galich, is considered one of the brightest representatives of the art song genre. Soviet era. It has a lot interesting events and the facts that we will tell you right now.

So in front of you short biography Bulat Okudzhava.

Biography of Okudzhava

Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava was born on May 9, 1924 in. He was born into a Bolshevik family, as a result of which he was brought up in the spirit of communist patriotism.

His father, Shalva Stepanovich, was a party leader. Mother, Ashkhen Stepanovna, supported her husband in every possible way and had the same political convictions.

Childhood and youth

Initially, everything went well in the Okudzhava family. The head of the family rapidly climbed the party ladder, occupying various leading positions.

But one day a conflict occurred between Okudzhava Sr. and Lavrenty Beria, which shook his position in the party.

Soon a false denunciation was made against Okudzhava. He was detained and sentenced to death, which was executed on August 4, 1937. It is worth noting that both brothers of Shalva Okudzhava were also shot on false charges.

After that, the mother and son settled in one of the Moscow communal apartments. The woman was well aware that sooner or later they would also come for her, since she was the wife of an "enemy of the people." And so it happened.

Less than a year later, she was arrested and sent to a camp in Karaganda, where she stayed for about 9 years.

After the arrest of both parents, Bulat Okudzhava lived with relatives in.

Bulat Okudzhava in his youth

After graduating high school, he got a job as a turner. In 1942, an 18-year-old boy ended up in the ranks of the Red Army. During these years of biography, he first began to compose songs.

Returning home, Okudzhava successfully passed the exams at the Tbilisi University at the Faculty of Education. After receiving his diploma in 1950, he taught at a village school for more than 2 years.

During this period of his biography, he composed poems and other works.

Literature and music

In 1954, a year after his death, Bulat Okudzhava read his poems at one of the creative evenings. His works have received good feedback, as a result of which the young poet began to be published in the local newspaper.

Bulat Okudzhava on stage

For 40 years of his creative activity, he published about 15 collections of poetry, including "65 songs", "Dedicated to you" and "Waiting room".

During the biography of 1970-1990. Okudzhava published dozens of prose works. In addition, several historical novels came out from under his pen, among which were The Journey of Amateurs, Appointment with Bonaparte and The Photographer Zhora.

Interestingly, Bulat Okudzhava also wrote for children. The most famous fairy tale "Charming Adventures", which has been translated into many languages.

It is worth noting that in addition to writing, Bulat Okudzhava also translated poetry from Arabic, Finnish and Swedish. In addition, until 1961 he was the editor of the Young Guard publishing house, and also headed the poetry department in the Literaturnaya Gazeta.

However, having gained fame and feeling confident in his own abilities, Okudzhava quit, after which he only worked creative activity.

In the early 60s, Okudzhava gained particular popularity as a bard. He often gave concerts, which always gathered a lot of people.

Soon he visited many Soviet cities, performing his own songs.

The work of Bulat Okudzhava seriously influenced such famous artists as Yuri Vizbor and Alexander Galich. Everyone knew and sang his songs.

Vladimir Vysotsky and Bulat Okudzhava

The most famous compositions of the bard Okudzhava are:

• Let's join hands, friends;
• Prayer by Francois Villon;
• Take your overcoat, let's go home;
• Song of the fox Alice and the cat Basilio;
• A song about failed hopes;
• Your Honor, Lady Luck.

In parallel with this, Bulat Shalvovich wrote songs for films. The most popular was the song "We Need Victory", which sounded in the film "Belarusian Station". This composition was greatly loved by his compatriots, and especially by former front-line soldiers.

In general, Okudzhava's songs were performed in more than 70 films.

In the late 60s, Okudzhava visited, where he recorded a disc with his own compositions. After that, he released several more albums in the USSR.

For his biography, Okudzhava starred in 8 films, playing both himself and minor characters. In addition, he wrote scripts for four films.

Personal life

Throughout his life, Bulat Okudzhava showed great interest in the weaker sex. His first wife was Galina Smolyaninova.

In this marriage, they had a daughter (who died at an early age) and a son, Igor, who later became a drug addict and ended up in prison.

In 1964, Bulat and Galina decided to leave. One year later ex-wife the bard died of a broken heart.

Over time, Okudzhava met the physicist Olga Artsimovich, who later became his wife.

In this family union, they had a boy, Anton, who also became a musician. This marriage turned out to be quite happy.

However, in the mid-80s, Bulat developed a relationship with singer Natalya Gorlenko. He cohabited with her for several years, without breaking off relations with his lawful wife.

Death

Bulat Okudzhava spent the last years of his life in. He very painfully experienced the death of his eldest son, in connection with which he seriously undermined his health.

Soon he fell ill with the flu, which gave a complication to the kidneys. The disease progressed, as a result of which the doctors were unable to save him.

Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava died on June 12, 1997 at the age of 73 in the French city of Clamart.

An outstanding Russian bard was buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow. Interestingly, a few days before his death, he was baptized, because he believed in God all his life.

Photo by Bulat Okudzhava

Below you can see selected photos of the bard Okudzhava.

Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava (May 9, 1924, Moscow, USSR - June 12, 1997, Clamart, France) - poet, composer, writer, prose writer and screenwriter. The author of about two hundred author's and pop songs written on his own poems, one of the most prominent representatives of the author's song genre in the 1950s-1980s.

Bulat Okudzhava was born in Moscow on May 9, 1924 in a family of communists who came from Tiflis to study at the Communist Academy. Father - Shalva Stepanovich Okudzhava, Georgian, well-known party leader, mother - Ashkhen Stepanovna Nalbandyan, Armenian, relative of the famous Armenian poet Vahan Teryan.

Soon after the birth of Bulat, his father was sent to the Caucasus to work as a commissar of the Georgian division. Mother remained in Moscow, worked in the party apparatus. Bulat was sent to Tbilisi to study, studied in the Russian class. Father was promoted to secretary of the Tbilisi city committee; due to a conflict with Lavrenty Beria, he wrote a letter to Sergo Ordzhonikidze with a request to send him to party work in Russia, and was sent to the Urals as a party organizer to build a car building plant in the city of Nizhny Tagil. Then Shalva Stepanovich became the 1st secretary of the Nizhny Tagil City Party Committee and soon sent his family to his Urals. Bulat began to study at school number 32.

The first place of residence - st. Arbat, 43, communal apartment on the 4th floor.

In 1937, Bulat's parents were arrested, his father was shot on false charges on August 4, 1937, and his mother was exiled to the Karaganda camp, from where she returned only in 1955. After the arrest of his parents, Bulat and his grandmother returned to Moscow. He rarely spoke and wrote about his ancestors and his fate, only towards the end of his life in the autobiographical novel Abolished Theater (1993) did he talk about the hardships of his family.

In 1940, Bulat Okudzhava moved to live with relatives in Tbilisi. He studied, then worked at the plant as a turner apprentice.

In April 1942, at the age of 17, Okudzhava went to the front as a volunteer. He was sent to the 10th Separate Reserve Mortar Battalion. Then, after two months of training, he was sent to the North Caucasian Front. He was a mortar operator, then a heavy artillery radio operator. He was wounded near Mozdok.

By this time, his first song “We Couldn’t Sleep in Cold Cars” (1943), the text of which has not been preserved, dates back.

The second song was written in 1946 - "An old student song" ("Furious and stubborn ...").

After the war, Okudzhava entered Tbilisi State University. Having received a diploma, in 1950 he began working as a teacher - first in a rural school in the village of Shamordino, Kaluga Region and in the district center of Vysokinichi.

In 1954, after the meeting of the writer Vladimir Koblikov and the poet Nikolai Panchenko with readers in the Vysokinichsky district, Bulat approached them and offered to listen to his poems. Having received approval and support, he moved to Kaluga, where he began to collaborate with the newspaper Molodoy Leninets and in 1956 published his first collection Lyrics.

In 1956, after the rehabilitation of his parents and the XX Congress, he joined the CPSU.

In 1959 Okudzhava returned to Moscow. In the same year, he began to act as a songwriter (poetry and music) and perform them with a guitar, quickly gaining popularity. This period (1956-1967) includes the composition of many of Okudzhava’s most famous early songs (“On Tverskoy Boulevard”, “Song about Lyonka Korolev”, “Song about the blue ball”, “Sentimental March”, “Song about the midnight trolley bus”, “ Not vagabonds, not drunkards”, “Moscow Ant”, “Song about the Komsomol Goddess”, etc.).

He worked as an editor at the Young Guard publishing house, then as the head of the poetry department at the Literaturnaya Gazeta. Participated in the work of the literary association "Magistral".

In 1961, he left the service and no longer worked for hire, being engaged exclusively in creative activities.

In 1961, the first official evening of the author's song by Bulat Okudzhava took place in Kharkov. The evening was organized by literary critic L. Ya. Livshits, with whom B. Okudzhava was associated friendly relations.

In 1962, Okudzhava became a member of the Writers' Union of the USSR. In the same year, Okudzhava first appeared on the screen in the film Chain Reaction, in which he performed the song Midnight Trolleybus.

In 1970, the film "Belarusian Station" was released, in which Bulat Okudzhava's song "And we need one victory" was performed. Okudzhava is also the author of other popular songs for such films as "Straw Hat", "Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha" (in which Okudzhava sings in a cameo role with a guitar in a soldier's uniform), etc. In total, Okudzhava's songs and his poems sound in more than 80 films.

Okudzhava became one of the most prominent representatives of the genre of Russian art song (along with V. S. Vysotsky and A. A. Galich), which was soon developed by bards and which, with the advent of tape recorders, gained immense popularity. In this genre, Okudzhava formed his own direction.

The first disc with Okudzhava's songs was released in Paris in 1968. In the same year, a disc was released in Poland with Okudzhava's songs performed by Polish artists, and one song - "Farewell to Poland" - was performed by the author. Since the mid-70s, Okudzhava's records have also been released in the USSR.

The songs of Bulat Okudzhava, spreading in tape recordings, quickly gained popularity, primarily among the intelligentsia: first in the USSR, then among Russian speakers abroad. The songs “Let's join hands, friends…”, “While the Earth is still spinning…” (“Francois Villon's Prayer”) have become the anthem of many KSP rallies and festivals. In addition to songs based on his own poems, Okudzhava wrote a number of songs based on poems by the Polish poetess Agnieszka Osiecka, which he himself translated into Russian.

The creative union of Bulat Okudzhava with the composer Isaac Schwartz turned out to be very fruitful. Together they created 32 songs, the most famous of which are the song “Your Honor, Madam Luck” (“White Sun of the Desert”), the song of the cavalry guard from the movie “Star of Captivating Happiness”, the romance “Love and Separation” (“We were not married in a church ”), as well as songs from the movie “Straw Hat”.

In 1961, Okudzhava made his debut as a prose writer: his autobiographical story “Be Healthy, Schoolboy” was published in the anthology Tarusa Pages (it was published as a separate edition in 1987).

The following novels were published: “Poor Avrosimov” (“A Sip of Freedom”) (1969) about the tragic pages in the history of the Decembrist movement, “The Adventures of Shipov, or Ancient Vaudeville” (1971) and the novels “Journey of Amateurs” written on the basis of historical material of the early 19th century (part 1. - 1976; part 2. - 1978) and "Date with Bonaparte" (1983).

With the beginning of perestroika, Bulat Okudzhava began to take an active part in political life country, taking an active democratic position.

Since 1989 he has been a founding member of the Russian PEN Center.

In 1990 he left the CPSU.

Since 1992 - Member of the Pardon Commission under the President of the Russian Federation; since 1994 - Member of the Commission on State Prizes of the Russian Federation.

He was a member of the constituent council of the Moscow News newspaper, a member of the constituent council of Obshchaya Gazeta, a member of the editorial board of the Evening Club newspaper, a member of the Council of the Memorial Society.

In 1993, he signed the "Letter of the 42".

In the 1990s, Okudzhava mostly lived in a dacha in Peredelkino. During these years, Okudzhava gave concerts in Moscow and St. Petersburg, in the USA, Canada, Germany and Israel.

Monument to Bulat Okudzhava on the Arbat

On June 23, 1995, the last concert of Bulat Okudzhava took place at the UNESCO Headquarters in Paris.

On June 12, 1997, Bulat Okudzhava died in Paris (in the suburb of Clamart), in a military hospital.

Before his death, Bulat Okudzhava was baptized with the name John in memory of the holy martyr John the Warrior. This happened in Paris with the blessing of one of the elders of the Pskov-Pechora Monastery.

He was buried at the Moscow Vagankovsky cemetery.

He joined the CPSU in 1956, as soon as the opportunity arose for this (his parents were rehabilitated). He left the CPSU in 1990, during its collapse.

Public activities, political views

The following memoirs of Oleg Mikhailov about a conversation with Okudzhava that took place in 1964 have been preserved.

… I remember how in 1964 a small group of young writers came from Moscow to what was then Kuibyshev. The highlight of the program was, of course, Bulat Okudzhava and his songs. At that time, I almost idolized him (however, I nostalgically love many songs to this day). Once, after another concert at dinner, I talked about my (now deceased) friend Dmitry Lyalikov. In particular, he said that when people in the Caucasus learned that Stalin had allegedly killed Kirov, they began to treat Stalin better. Too much evil has been done in those parts by the “boy from Urzhum”. And I heard from Okudzhava:
This man should be shot!
I was amazed:
- But why?
And Okudzhava quietly but adamantly answered:
- My mother worked with Kirov ...

Okudzhava had a definitely negative attitude towards Stalin. Here is an excerpt from his poem, written in 1981:

Well, the generalissimo is beautiful?
Your claws are safe today --
your silhouette with a low forehead is dangerous.
I do not keep accounts of past losses,
but, let him be moderate in his retribution,
I do not forgive, remembering the past.

In 1993, he signed the "letter of the 42" demanding reprisals against participants in the events of October 1993.

Rutskoi spoke about supporters in an interview with the Podmoskovnye Izvestiya newspaper on December 11, 1993 as follows:

Bulat Shalvovich, did you watch on TV how the White House was shelled on October 4?
And I watched all night.
- You, as a man who fought, what was the feeling when the first volley was fired? Didn't you get overwhelmed?
- For me it was, of course, unexpected, but it was not like that. I'll tell you something else. With age, I suddenly became interested in watching all sorts of detective films on TV. Although among them there are many both empty and vulgar, but I look. For me, the main thing, as I understood here: when this bastard is nailed at the end of the film. And I enjoy it. I suffered throughout the film, but at the end they gave him a punch in the face, right? And suddenly I caught myself on the fact that the same feeling leapt up in me when I saw how Khasbulatov and Rutskoi and Makashov were being taken out under escort. For me it was the end of the detective story. I enjoyed it. I could not stand these people, and even in this situation I had no pity for them. And maybe when the first shot was fired, I saw that this was the final act. So it didn't make too much of an impression on me. Although it was terrible for me that this could happen in our country. And it's the president's fault again. After all, all this could have been prevented. And these Barkashovites could have been disarmed and dispersed for a long time - everything could be done. Nothing was done, nothing!
- And on the other hand, if the president tried to do something earlier, the Democrats would be the first to intercede: they say, they are strangling democracy ...
- That's right, we have such a category of liberal intelligentsia, which understands our situation in a very primitive way. From the point of view of an ideally democratic society, yes. But we, I repeat, do not have any democratic society. We have a Bolshevik society that set out to create democracy, and it is now suspended by a thread. And when we see that scissors are reaching for this thread, we must somehow remove them. Otherwise, we will lose, perish, create nothing. Well, liberals will always scream. Here Lyudmila Saraskina, a very intelligent woman, came out with indignation that, they say, such cruelty was shown as much as possible, I blush. Let it blush, what to do. But I think that if a bandit entered your house and wants to kill your family ... What will you do? You tell him: Shame on you, right? No, no, I think hardness is needed. We are a wild country.
- The President, at a meeting with writers (and this was shown on TV), defended the following phrase: “It’s a pity that Okudzhava didn’t come” ...
- Yes, but I was supposed to come, but I got stuck in a stream of cars and was an hour late ... We knew each other at the very beginning of perestroika - in a hat, of course, but we met several times. It's nice that the president remembers me.
- Bulat Shalvovich, which bloc do you vote for in the elections?
- I vote for Russia's Choice.

Soon this interview was quoted in the newspaper "Podmoskovye" - with serious cuts, distorting the meaning of the statements. In particular, words were omitted about the withdrawal of Khasbulatov and others under escort, and it turned out that the interviewee enjoyed the fact of the shots. Referring already to this reprint, the opponents of the poet repeatedly obstructed him. Okudzhava himself commented on his interview as follows: “In the newspaper Podmoskovnye Izvestia, I spoke out against Khasbulatov, Makashov, Rutskoi, whom I do not accept. But not against ordinary people.

When, at the last concert at UNESCO on June 23, 1995, he was asked about the situation in Chechnya, he answered this way:

“The war in Chechnya itself is an absolutely terrible phenomenon that will be remembered for many, many decades, if not centuries. Moreover, I think you know - this small nation, which does not even have a million - let's say, it is even very, very narcissistic and very complex - you still have to reckon with national psychology ... Especially - such a small people. (applause) And in the last century it was destroyed for 50 years ... In this century, in the 44th year, all the people were sent to perish. And now they are destroying it again. Well, what is it? - Can't the Russian government assert itself in another way? Do you really need to kill your own citizens for this?” (quote from the transcript of the soundtrack of the concert, later published on 2 CDs under the title "When Paris is empty")

Soon M. Fedotov in his article distorted Okudzhava's statement, attributing to him, in particular, his own thoughts. This garbled statement was later widely quoted as Okudzhava's.

In an interview with Novaya Gazeta, he expressed the idea of ​​the similarity between the fascist and Stalinist regimes:

Few people think that the Germans themselves helped Soviet Union defeat yourself: imagine, they would not have shot, but gathered collective farmers and told them - we have come to free you from the yoke. Choose your form of government. If you want a collective farm - please, a collective farm. Want a sole proprietorship - please. In factories, the same thing - do your life. If they had turned our slogans into action, they might have won the war. They had, of course, a terrible mistake with propaganda. With their exceptional cruelty, they provoked popular anger. … But our systems are similar. Absolutely two identical systems clashed. They did exactly the same as we would. And this is their mistake. It's just that our country turned out to be more powerful, darker and more patient.

Family and environment

Father - Shalva Stepanovich Okudzhava, Soviet party leader (repressed in 1937). Bulat Shalvovich was married twice. The first wife - Galina Vasilievna Smolyaninova (1926-1965), he divorced her in 1964, died of a heart attack. The son from his first marriage, Igor Okudzhava (1954-1997), served time in prison, took drugs. The daughter died from her first marriage. The second wife is Olga Vladimirovna Okudzhava (d. Artsimovich), a physicist by education, niece of Lev Artsimovich. Son - Bulat (Anton) Bulatovich Okudzhava (born 1965), musician, composer.

In 1981 he met the singer Natalya Gorlenko (born June 10, 1955), with whom he had a long affair, which was reflected in his work.

Okudzhava's circle of personal friends included Bella Akhmadulina, Yuri Levitansky, Fazil Iskander.

Recognition and awards

• First Prize and Golden Crown Prize, Yugoslavia (1967)
• Order of Friendship of Peoples (1984).
• Prize "Golden Guitar" at the festival in San Remo, Italy (1985).
• The name of Okudzhava was given to a minor planet (1988).
• Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Norwich University, USA (1990).
• Penyo Penev Prize, Bulgaria (1990).
• Prize "For Courage in Literature" A. D. Sakharova ("April") (1991).
• Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1991).
• Russian Booker Award (1994) for the autobiographical novel Abolished Theatre.
• Honorary citizen of Kaluga (1996).
• Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus"
• Honorary Medal of the Board of the Soviet Peace Fund.

State Memorial Museum of Bulat Okudzhava

The museum is located in the Moscow region, in the Leninsky district, p / o Michurinets, pos. writers "Peredelkino", st. Dovzhenko, 11, founded - August 22, 1998, opened - October 31, 1999.

Monuments of Okudzhava

Monuments to Okudzhava in Moscow

• On May 8, 2002, the first monument to Bulat Okudzhava was unveiled in Moscow. The monument is installed at the corner of Arbat and Plotnikov lane.
• On September 8, 2007, a monument to Okudzhava was unveiled in Moscow in the courtyard of Education Center No. 109. The author of both sculptures is Georgy Frangulyan.

Festivals and competitions named after Bulat Okudzhava

• Bulat Okudzhava International Festival
• The annual Moscow festival "And I will call my friends ...", dedicated to Bulat Okudzhava
• Open city competition of patriotic author's song named after Bulat Okudzhava, Perm
• Israeli International Festival in memory of Bulat Okudzhava, the city of Israel

Bulat Okudzhava Prize

In 1997, the State Prize named after Bulat Okudzhava was established, the winners of which were Alexander Gorodnitsky, Yuli Kim, Alexander Dolsky, Bella Akhmadulina and others.

creative legacy

Published works

Collections

• "March magnanimous" (1967),
• "Arbat, my Arbat" (1976),
• "Poems" (1984),
• "Favorites" (1989),
• "Dedicated to you" (1988),
• "Favours of Fate" (1993),
• "Waiting hall" ( Nizhny Novgorod, 1996),
• "Tea drinking on the Arbat" (1996),
• Bulat Okudzhava. 20 songs for voice and guitar. - Krakow: Polish Music. publishing house, 1970. - 64 p.
• Bulat Okudzhava. 65 songs (Music recording, editing, composition by V. Frumkin). Ann Arbor, Michigan: Ardis, vol. 1 1980, vol. 2 1986.
• Songs of Bulat Okudzhava. Melodies and texts. The compiler and author of the introductory article L. Shilov, the musical material was recorded by A. Kolmanovsky with the participation of the author). - M.: Music, 1989. - 224 p.

Historical novels

• "Poor Avrosimov" (1969, in some subsequent editions - "A Sip of Freedom")
• "The Adventures of Shipov, or Ancient Vaudeville"
• "Amateur Journey" (1976-1978)
• "Date with Bonaparte" (1983)
• "Abolished Theater" (1993)

Screenplays

• Loyalty (1965; co-authored with P. Todorovsky; production: Odessa Film Studio, 1965);
• "Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha" (1967; co-authored with V. Motyl; production: Lenfilm, 1967);
• « Private life Alexander Sergeyevich, or Pushkin in Odessa” (1966; co-authored with O. Artsimovich; the film was not staged);
• "We loved Melpomene ..." (1978; co-authored with O. Artsimovich; the film was not staged).

Filmography

Feature Films

• 1961 - "Horizon", Lenfilm - lyrics
• 1962 - "Chain Reaction", Mosfilm - first appearance on the screen
• 1963 - "Zastava Ilyich" ("I'm twenty years old"), Film Studio. M. Gorky
• 1967 - "Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha", Lenfilm (co-writer, episodic role)
• 1970 - "Belorussky Station", Mosfilm - song from the film "Belorussky Station" ("Our Tenth Airborne Battalion")
• 1970 - "White Sun of the Desert" - lyrics of the song "Your Honor, Lady Luck"
• 1973 - "Kortik", Belarusfilm - texts "Songs of a Red Army Soldier" ("Blindly the cannon beats") and "Songs of a Homeless Child" ("At the Kursk Station")
• 1974 - "Bronze Bird", Belarusfilm - lyrics of the song "You burn, burn, my fire"
• 1975 - "The Adventures of Pinocchio", Belarusfilm - lyrics of part of the songs
• 1977 - “Aty-bats, soldiers were walking”, Film Studio named after. A. P. Dovzhenko - the song "Take an overcoat, let's go home"
• 1977 - "Key without the right to transfer", Lenfilm
• 1982 - "Pokrovsky Gates", Mosfilm - songs "Painters", "Song about the Arbat", "Sentries of Love"
• 1985 - "Legal marriage", Mosfilm
• 1986 - "Keep me, my talisman", Film Studio. A. P. Dovzhenko

Documentaries

• "I remember wonderful moment"(Lenfilm)
• "My contemporaries", Lenfilm, 1984
• "Two Hours with the Bards" ("Bards"), Mosfilm, 1988
• "And don't forget about me", Russian TV, 1992

Discography

gramophone records

• Songs of Bulat Okudzhava. Melody, 1966. D 00016717-8
• Disc (Paris, Le Chant du Mond in 1968)
• Bulat Okudzhava. Songs. Melodiya, 1973. 33D-00034883-84
• Bulat Okudzhava. Songs (poetry and music). Performed by the author. Melody, 1976. М40 38867
• Songs on verses by Bulat Okudzhava. Melody, 1978. М40 41235
• Bulat Okudzhava. Songs. Melody, 1978. G62 07097
• Bulat Okudzhava. Songs. Performed by Bulat Okudzhava. Melody, 1981. С60 13331
• Okudzhava Bulat. Songs and poems about the war. Melody, 1985
• Song disc. (“Balkanton”, Bulgaria, 1985. VTK 3804).
• Bulat Okudzhava. Songs and poems about the war. Performed by the author. Recording of the All-Union Recording Studio and phonograms of films of 1969-1984. Melody, 1985. М40 46401 003
• Okudzhava Bulat. New songs. Recorded in 1986. Melody, 1986. С60 25001 009
• Bulat Okudzhava. A song, as short as life itself… Performed by the author. Recorded in 1986. Melodiya, 1987. С62 25041 006
• Songs on poems by Bulat Okudzhava from films. Melody

Cassette

• Bulat Okudzhava. While the earth is still spinning. Notes by M. Kryzhanovsky 1969-1970. Licensed from Solyd Records. Moscow Windows LLP, 1994. MO 005

CDs

• Bulat Okudzhava. While the earth is still spinning. Notes by M. Kryzhanovsky 1969-1970. SoLyd Records, 1994. SLR 0008
• Bulat Okudzhava. And like first love... Licensed from Le Chant du Mond, recorded 1968. SoLyd Records, 1997. SLR 0079

Bibliography

• Voice of Hope: New about Bulat Okudzhava. Issue. 1 / Comp. Krylov A. E. ISBN 5-98557-001-0. Moscow: Bulat, 2004
• Voice of Hope: New about Bulat Okudzhava. Issue. 2 / Comp. Krylov A. E. ISBN 5-98557-003-7. Moscow: Bulat, 2005
• Voice of Hope: New about Bulat Okudzhava. Issue. 3 / Comp. Krylov A. E. ISBN 5-98557-005-3. M.: Bulat, 2006
• Voice of Hope: New about Bulat Okudzhava. Issue. 4 / Comp. Krylov A. E. ISBN 978-5-98557-009-0. Moscow: Bulat, 2007
• Voice of Hope: New about Bulat Okudzhava. Issue. 5 / Comp. Krylov A. E. ISBN 978-5-991457-001-6. Moscow: Bulat, 2008
• Voice of Hope: New about Bulat Okudzhava. Issue. 8 / Comp. Krylov A. E. ISBN 978-5-991457-012-2. Moscow: Bulat, 2011, 544 p. ml, 1000 copies.
• Gizatulin M. Bulat Okudzhava: "... from the very beginning." - ISBN 978-5-98557-010-6. Moscow: Bulat, 2008

May 9, 1924 was born one of the founders of the genre of author's (bard) songs Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava; he wrote more than 800 poems in his life, 200 of which were born along with music

Born on Victory Day

Bulat was born in Moscow. His father, Shalva Stepanovich Okudzhava, held high party posts in Georgia, but due to a conflict with Lavrenty Beria, he was forced to ask for a transfer to work in the RSFSR. The translation did not save the Okudzhava family. In 1937, my father was arrested in connection with the Trotskyist case at Uralvagonstroy. On August 4, 1937, Shalva Stepanovich and his two brothers were shot. Bulat's mother was arrested in Moscow in 1938 and spent almost ten years in the camps. Bulat was forced to be sent to Tbilisi, where he continued his studies, and then worked at the factory as an apprentice turner. Parents were rehabilitated only in 1956.

To the front

The war turned his whole life upside down. From April 1942, Bulat knocked on the thresholds of the military registration and enlistment office to be sent to the front. In August of the same year, the young man was called up to serve in the army. First he was sent to the 10th separate reserve mortar division. Two months of preparation - and Okudzhava on the Transcaucasian front. He's a mortar man in a cavalry regiment. On December 16, 1942, near Mozdok, he was wounded. After the hospital, Bulat continued to serve in the 124th rifle reserve regiment in Batumi, and later as a radio operator in the 126th howitzer artillery brigade of high power.

Demobilization took place in March 1944 for health reasons, with the rank of private guard. Bulat Shalvovich carefully kept his military awards: the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" and "For the Victory over Germany".

After demobilization, he returns to Tbilisi and enters the Faculty of Philology at Tbilisi University. After graduation, the young poet worked at a school in the Kaluga region.

Take your overcoat, let's go home ...

Today, on the eve of Victory Day and Okudzhava's birthday, we will talk about his works dedicated to the war. Bulat Shalvovich himself wrote about the war this way: “I was wounded by it for life and still often see my dead comrades in a dream.” His vision of the war has always been personal, without much pathos, but always condemning. He recalled that his first poems were about the war, and some of them turned into songs. True, the marches did not work out for him, they were mostly sad songs, he believed that there was nothing fun in the war. In his works, it was the war that vilely took away from the life of young, beautiful, people who were just beginning their lives.

Source: https://www.culture.ru

Oh, war, what have you done, vile:
Our yards have become quiet,
Our boys raised their heads -
They have matured so far
On the threshold barely beacons
And they left, after the soldier - the soldier ...
Goodbye boys!
Boys
Try to go back.

In 1960, Okudzhava's story "Be healthy, schoolboy" was published. This is actually an autobiographical story about a former schoolboy who got into the war. Many did not accept it, finding in it supposedly pacifist motives. But the director Vladimir Motyl filmed it, and the picture was released under the name "Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha" with Oleg Dal in leading role, and won the hearts of front-line soldiers and ordinary people.

What Okudzhava wrote about the war are not slogans, but the front-line everyday life of yesterday's boys, who matured very early. In 1970, in the film directed by Andrei Smirnov "Belorussky Station", a song was sounded to the verses of Okudzhava "We need one victory." The task that the director set before him was not easy. Bulat Shalvovich is used to writing from the position of a person who already lives in Peaceful time, and here it was performed on behalf of a person sitting in a trench. He found the right words and musical intonations, and famous composer Alfred Schnittke, who worked in the film crew, arranged Okudzhava's music into a march, and today it sounds at our parades in honor of May 9th. Moreover, it is impossible to imagine the Victory Day without this song:

Birds don't sing here, trees don't grow.
And only we, shoulder to shoulder, grow into the ground here.
The planet is burning and spinning, there is smoke over our Motherland.
And that means we need one victory,
One for all - we will not stand up for the price.

Soviet and Russian poet and prose writer, composer Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava was born on May 9, 1924 in Moscow into a family of party workers. His father, Shalva Okudzhava, was Georgian by nationality, and his mother, Ashkhen Nalbandyan, was Armenian.

In 1934, he moved with his parents to Nizhny Tagil, where his father was appointed first secretary of the city party committee, and his mother was appointed secretary of the district committee.

In 1937, Okudzhava's parents were arrested. On August 4, 1937, Shalva Okudzhava was shot on false charges, Ashkhen Nalbandyan was exiled to the Karaganda camp, from where she returned only in 1955.

After the arrest of his parents, Bulat lived with his grandmother in Moscow. In 1940 he moved to live with relatives in Tbilisi.

Since 1941, since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, worked as a turner at a defense plant.

In 1942, after finishing the ninth grade, he volunteered for the front. He served on the North Caucasian front as a mortar operator, then as a radio operator. He was wounded near Mozdok.

Being a regimental leader, in 1943 at the front he composed his first song "We couldn't sleep in cold cars ...", the text of which has not been preserved.

In 1945, Okudzhava was demobilized and returned to Tbilisi, where he passed the secondary school exams as an external student.

In 1950 he graduated from the Faculty of Philology of the Tbilisi state university, worked as a teacher - first in a rural school in the village of Shamordino, Kaluga Region and in the district center of Vysokinichi, then in Kaluga. He worked as a correspondent and literary employee of the Kaluga regional newspapers "Znamya" and "Young Leninist".

In 1946, Okudzhava wrote the first surviving song, Furious and Stubborn.

In 1956, after the release of the first collection of poems "Lyrika" in Kaluga, Bulat Okudzhava returned to Moscow, worked as deputy editor for the literature department in the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper, editor in the Young Guard publishing house, then head of the poetry department in Literaturnaya Gazeta ". He took part in the work of the "Magistral" literary association.

In 1959, the second poetic collection of the poet "Islands" was published in Moscow.

In 1962, having become a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR, Okudzhava left the service and devoted himself entirely to creative activity.

In 1996, Okudzhava's last poetry collection, Tea Party on the Arbat, was published.

Since the 1960s, Okudzhava has worked extensively in the prose genre. In 1961, his autobiographical story "Be Healthy, Schoolboy" was published in the almanac Tarusa Pages (published as a separate edition in 1987), dedicated to yesterday's schoolchildren who had to defend the country from fascism. The story received a negative assessment of official criticism, which accused Okudzhava of pacifism.

In 1965, Vladimir Motyl managed to film this story, giving the film the name Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha. In subsequent years, Okudzhava wrote autobiographical prose, which compiled the collections of stories The Girl of My Dreams and The Visiting Musician, as well as the novel Abolished theater" (1993).

In the late 1960s, Okudzhava turned to historical prose. The stories "Poor Avrosimov" (1969) about the tragic pages in the history of the Decembrist movement, "The Adventures of Shipov, or Ancient Vaudeville" (1971) and the novels "Journey of Amateurs" (1976 - the first part; 1978) written on historical material from the beginning of the 19th century were published in separate editions. - the second part) and "Date with Bonaparte" (1983).

Poetic and prose works of Okudzhava have been translated into many languages ​​and published in many countries of the world.

From the second half of the 1950s, Bulat Okudzhava began to act as an author of poetry and music for songs and their performer, becoming one of the universally recognized founders of the author's song. He is the author of over 200 songs.

The earliest known songs of Okudzhava date back to 1957-1967 ("On Tverskoy Boulevard", "Song about Lyonka Korolyov", "Song about the blue ball", "Sentimental march", "Song about the midnight trolleybus", "Not tramps, not drunkards", "Moscow ant", "Song about the Komsomol goddess", etc.). Tape recordings of his speeches instantly spread throughout the country. Okudzhava's songs were heard on radio, television, in films and performances.

Okudzhava's concerts were held in Bulgaria, Austria, Great Britain, Hungary, Australia, Israel, Spain, Italy, Canada, France, Germany, Poland, USA, Finland, Sweden, Yugoslavia and Japan.

In 1968, the first disc with Okudzhava's songs was released in Paris. Since the mid-1970s, his CDs have also been released in the USSR. In addition to songs based on his own poems, Okudzhava wrote a number of songs based on poems by the Polish poetess Agnieszka Osiecka, which he himself translated into Russian.

Andrei Smirnov's film "Belarusian Station" (1970) brought national fame to the performer, in which a song was performed to the words of the poet "Birds do not sing here ...".

Okudzhava is also the author of other popular songs for such films as "Straw Hat" (1975), "Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha" (1967), "White Sun of the Desert" (1970), "Star of Captivating Happiness" (1975). in total, Okudzhava's songs and his poems are heard in more than 80 films.

In 1994, Okudzhava wrote his last song - "Departure".

In the second half of the 1960s, Bulat Okudzhava acted as a co-author of the script for the films Loyalty (1965) and Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha (1967).

In 1966 he wrote the play "A Sip of Freedom", which a year later was staged in several theaters at once.

IN last years Bulat Okudzhava was a member of the founding board of the Moskovskiye Novosti newspaper, Obshchaya Gazeta, a member of the editorial board of the Evening Club newspaper, a member of the Council of the Memorial Society, vice president of the Russian PEN Center, a member of the pardon commission under the President of the Russian Federation (since 1992 ), a member of the Commission on State Prizes of the Russian Federation (since 1994).

On June 12, 1997, Bulat Okudzhava died in a clinic in Paris. According to the will, he was buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

Okudzhava was married twice.

From his first marriage to Galina Smolyaninova, the poet had a son, Igor Okudzhava (1954-1997).

In 1961, he met his second wife, the niece of the famous physicist Lev Artsimovich, Olga Artsimovich. The son from his second marriage Anton Okudzhava (born in 1965) is a composer, father's accompanist at creative evenings of recent years.

In 1997, in memory of the poet, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the regulation on the Bulat Okudzhava Prize was approved, awarded for the creation of works in the genre of author's song and poetry that contribute to Russian culture.

In October 1999, the State Memorial Museum of Bulat Okudzhava was opened in Peredelkino.

In May 2002, the first and most famous monument to Bulat Okudzhava was opened in Moscow near house 43 on the Arbat.
The Bulat Okudzhava Foundation annually holds an evening "Visiting Musician" in the Concert Hall named after P.I. Tchaikovsky in Moscow. Festivals named after Bulat Okudzhava are held in Kolontaevo (Moscow region), on Lake Baikal, in Poland and in Israel.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources

Once he admitted: “All my life I have been doing what gave me pleasure - prose, poetry, songs. Some process ended - I moved on to another. So he was in love - sincere, not tolerating falsehood, not knowing how to lie. Bulat Okudzhava, a remarkable poet and bard, would have turned 88 this spring.

Two eternal roads - love and separation - pass through my heart ... "These lines Bulat Okudzhava wrote, being wise by life experience, having managed to kindle and extinguish repeatedly the fire of love in his heart. In a heart that did not know how to lie in anything - neither in actions, nor in poetry, and even more so in love ... Perhaps there are more of them - the heroines of his novels. But this is not the main thing. Each of them was His Majesty the Woman, as he wrote in his poems ...

First love came early. Bulat was barely 11 years old. He was a handsome boy with huge brown eyes and thick, curly hair. It was in his mature years that he seemed withdrawn and reserved. And then he was known as a ringleader and a favorite of girls. With Lelya, he studied at the Nizhny Tagil school in the fourth grade. Lessons ended in the evening, it got dark early, and the lights were often turned off at school. As soon as the light went out, Bulat rushed headlong to Lyolya's desk, sat down next to her and, while no one saw, pressed his shoulder to her. And he was silent.

He was transferred to another school. But he did not forget about his love. Once Lyolya's mother received a letter, and in it - a photograph of the boy. On reverse side it was written: "Lole from Bulat." He was waiting for her answer. And without waiting, he ran away from the lessons and came to school, to Olya. After school he walked her home. Their next meeting took place 60 years later! Lyolya kept his photo all these years. They met again in 1994. For three years, until his death, he wrote letters to her.

Sara Mizitova is also from school hobbies. He was impressed by her rosy cheeks and slanted Tatar eyes. At first they just exchanged glances with Sarah, and then they began to walk together. She was the first to take his hand, which finally conquered him ...

In 1942, as a 17-year-old boy, Bulat went to the front as a volunteer. And, sitting in the trenches, he yearned for the girl with whom he lived in the same Arbat courtyard. He even burned her initial on her hand - the letter "K". When the war ended, he returned to Moscow and wanted to see her. He came to that same yard and met a fat, unkempt woman hanging laundry on a rope. She did not recognize Bulat. He left, realizing that in love you can never go back to the past.

In post-war Moscow, his next novel happened. Valya lived on the Arbat. She studied at the Moscow Art Theater School when she met a short guy. He seemed to her not very handsome, and he did not come out tall. But he was funny and smart.

The guy wrote her amazing poems. Then he left for Leningrad, and she was in the direction - to the Tambov theater. When Valya became the famous TV presenter Valentina Leontyeva, and Bulat Okudzhava became the symbol of the generation, they met again.

Leontieva called him to invite him to her program "From the bottom of my heart." He refused, and then the TV presenter read him that very poem. He never published it. As he later explained, the poems were too personal. On his last book, Okudzhava wrote to her: “We met after 50 years. I am terribly sorry now that we lost these years without seeing each other - how much could have been otherwise!

Bulat lost his family early - his father was shot on a false denunciation, and his mother was exiled to Karlag. Perhaps that is why he got married so early - in his second year, apparently, he was in great need of family warmth. With Galya, his future wife, they studied together at the university. After graduating from it, we went together to teach in the Kaluga region, in the village of Shamordino. Galina was simple, sincere and loved Bulat recklessly. Their first child, a girl, died as soon as she was born.

Then the son Igor was born. But the marriage has already cracked. In the late 50s, they felt each other as strangers. But Okudzhava did not dare to divorce for a long time - he felt like a traitor. When the family moved to Moscow, he met Olga Batrakova. It was to her that he dedicated "The Song of the Moscow Ant",

"And when surprisingly close." And although his relationship with his wife was cracking at the seams, he behaved indecisively with Olga - she was fourteen years younger than him. He arranged her for Litgazeta, where he worked himself, took her to visit friends. But he did not dare to marry. She married someone else, but their romance continued for several more years ... In 1989, Okudzhava accidentally met her and found out that she did not have his "Chosen One". Soon Batrakova received a parcel. On the volume of poems it was written: "Ole with thirty years of love." For the sake of truth, it must be said that in 1960 Okudzhava experienced another love. This time, the actress Zhanna Bolotova turned out to be his queen, he dedicated the song “Along the Smolensk Road” to her. And immediately after he started a relationship with another actress - Larisa Luzhina. This novel lasted for a whole year. But Larisa preferred another ...

A company of academicians invited him to an apartment at Pekhotnaya, 26. In this community, he was especially favored. Among the guests were Pyotr Kapitsa and Artem Alikhanyan, one of their students, fifteen in all. Okudzhava came with his wife Galina. At that time, they already lived in different apartments, but maintained a relationship, the bard took her with him to performances.

Olga Artsimovich, the niece of the famous physicist and herself a physicist by education, also turned out to be in this company. At that time she was already married. But, noticing the interest in herself from the famous poet, she reciprocated. True, I did not think that the acquaintance would continue. Okudzhava called the next morning her uncle, with whom Olga was staying in Moscow, because she lived in Leningrad. By chance, Bella Akhmadulina became their procuress. It was she who asked her to call to the phone at the request of Bulat. He invited Olga to meet at the Central House of Writers. They talked for three hours. Artsimovich later admitted that she had never been so comfortable with anyone else. She felt an absolute kinship with the poet. Only at 12 o'clock at night they left the House of Writers. Okudzhava hugged her and timidly asked: “Will you marry me?” She agreed. She had to return home to her husband, to explain to him. Soon Okudzhava arrived in Leningrad, stayed at a hotel and a month later moved to Olga completely.

A year later, his first wife, Galina, died of acute heart failure. She had a heart defect from a young age.

In appearance, she calmly reacted to the final break with her husband. But it seems that this external calm was given to her with difficulty. Okudzhava considered himself guilty of her premature departure. He also blamed himself for the tragic fate of his son Igor.

After the death of his mother, the boy lived in the family of her relatives. Okudzhava wanted to take his son to him, new family, but with Olga they lived in a cramped apartment, they had a child - Bulat Jr., and Galina's relatives protested.

However, Okudzhava did not show much perseverance. Igor later began to see his father regularly. He grew up kind, gentle, but weak-willed. I never found myself in my life. He was either a musician or a butcher. And then he got drunk, hippo, used drugs, got into a criminal history, lost his leg. He died early, at 43. And all the time he was the inconsolable pain of his father.

... It happened on April 3, 1981. Okudzhava was invited to speak at the Institute of Soviet Legislation. Natasha Gorlenko, who was barely 26 years old, worked there after graduating from MGIMO. She loved his songs since childhood.

Especially "Prayer". After the concert, they drank tea, and Natasha's girlfriends praised her bard: “You should have listened to how she sings!” The girl came out to see him off. Her husband was waiting for her, she was pregnant. They exchanged phone numbers. But her child died as soon as he was born. Natalya and Bulat have not seen each other for a year. Gorlenko called Okudzhava herself. Thus began their secret meetings. He was encrypted - he left the house allegedly for a walk with a dog. And in 1984 they started performing together. sang " grape seed"And" After the rain "for two votes. According to Natalya, there was a period when Bulat Shalvovich left home and they lived together. And then they decided to leave. But we met again and again...

Olga could not stand the gossip and demanded that Okudzhava leave the family. The bard admitted that it is difficult for him to live a double life. But he could not make a final decision. In May 1997, Bulat and Olga went on their last trip abroad. First to Germany, where he was treated, and then to Paris. There, Bulat Shalvovich developed an ulcer, the bleeding did not stop, he was transferred to intensive care. On June 11, doctors warned that his condition was very serious.

His wife decided to baptize him, giving him the name John. He was unconscious.