RK VLKSM transcript. VLKSM: history, goals and objectives of the organization
The Komsomol organization, celebrating its 90th anniversary on October 29, ended its existence almost 20 years ago, but its anniversary is celebrated on a grand scale throughout the country.
The All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union (VLKSM) is a youth socio-political organization created at the 1st All-Russian Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth on October 29 - November 4, 1918.
The congress united disparate youth unions into an all-Russian organization with single center, working under the leadership of the Russian Communist Party. At the congress, the basic principles of the program and the charter of the Russian Communist Youth Union (RCYU) were adopted. The theses approved by the congress stated: “The Union sets itself the goal of spreading the ideas of communism and involving worker and peasant youth in the active construction of Soviet Russia.”
In July 1924, RKSM was named after V.I. Lenin and it became known as the Russian Leninist Communist Youth Union (RLKSM). In connection with education USSR(1922) the Komsomol in March 1926 was renamed the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union (VLKSM).
From the Komsomol Charter: “The Komsomol is an amateur public organization, uniting in its ranks the broad masses of advanced Soviet youth. Komsomol - an active assistant and reserve of the Communist Party Soviet Union. True to Lenin's precepts, the Komsomol helps the party educate youth in the spirit of communism, involve them in the practical construction of a new society, prepare a generation of comprehensively developed people who will live, work and govern public affairs under communism. The Komsomol works under the leadership of the Communist Party and is an active implementer of party directives in all areas of communist construction.”
According to the Komsomol Charter, boys and girls aged 14 to 28 were accepted into the Komsomol. Primary organizations of the Komsomol were created at enterprises, collective farms, state farms, educational institutions, institutions, units of the Soviet Army and Navy. The highest governing body of the Komsomol is the All-Union Congress; All work of the Union between congresses was led by the Central Committee of the Komsomol, which elects the Bureau and Secretariat.
The history of the Komsomol was inextricably linked with the history of the USSR. Komsomol members were active participants Civil War 1918-1920 in the ranks of the Red Army. In commemoration of military merits, the Komsomol was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1928.
For his initiative in socialist competition, the Komsomol was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in 1931.
For outstanding services to the Motherland at the front and in the rear during the Great Patriotic War, 3.5 thousand Komsomol members were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 3.5 million Komsomol members were awarded orders and medals; The Komsomol was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1945.
For the work that the Komsomol put into restoring the national economy destroyed by the Nazi invaders, the Komsomol was awarded the second Order of Lenin in 1948.
For his active participation in the development of virgin and fallow lands, the Komsomol was awarded the third Order of Lenin in 1956.
In 1968, in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Lenin Komsomol, the Komsomol was awarded the Order of the October Revolution.
Over the entire history of the Komsomol, more than 200 million people passed through its ranks.
In September 1991, the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol considered exhausted political role Komsomol as a federation of communist youth unions and announced the self-dissolution of the organization.
The material was prepared based on information from open sources
There are no other examples in history of such a powerful youth movement as the Lenin Komsomol. IN Peaceful time and during the wars, shoulder to shoulder with the communists, Komsomol members were the first to go into battle, to virgin lands, to construction sites, into space and led the youth. At every historical milestone, the Komsomol promoted from its midst thousands and thousands of young heroes who glorified it with their exploits. Their example of selfless service to the Motherland and people will always be in the memory of current and future generations.
It all started back in the distant revolutionary year of 1917 with the creation of socialist unions of workers, peasants and student youth. But they were all separated. Therefore, already in 1918, on October 29, I began its work All-Russian Congress Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth, which brought together 195 delegates from all over Russia and united disparate youth organizations into a single monolithic Russian Communist Youth Union. October 29 became the birthday of the Komsomol.
After the congress, general meetings of unions of worker and peasant youth were held in all regions or, as they were called then, provinces.
The chronicle of the heroic deeds of the Komsomol is endless. Six orders burn brightly on his banner. This is national recognition of the Komsomol’s services to the Motherland. Everyone knew the Komsomol heroes: Lyubov Shevtsova, Oleg Koshevoy, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Alexander Matrosov, Liza Chaikina... Eternal glory and memory to them!
Komsomol is an organization that shapes a person and his personal qualities. Here the life views of young people were affirmed, the first experience was acquired here social work. Komsomol is the foundation that formed Soviet man. Of course, there was everything in the Komsomol. It was good, and it was not so good. There were bureaucratic moments that irritated young people, but these moments were criticized. However, at its core, it was a wonderful public organization. The Komsomol shaped the worldview in certain coordinates - the Soviet worldview. Komsomol is youth. Komsomol - these are the most wonderful memories! Komsomol is energy, determination, the desire to turn this world upside down and make it better!
Komsomol is my destiny
Performed by: VIA "Gems" 
1918-1928
RKSM was an active participant in the Civil War; he carried out three all-Russian mobilizations to the front. According to incomplete data, the Komsomol sent over 75 thousand of its members to the Red Army in 1918-20. In total, up to 200 thousand Komsomol members took part in the struggle of the Soviet people against the interventionists, White Guards and bandits. Heroically fought the enemies: 19-year-old commander of the 30th division Albert Lapin, future writers Nikolai Ostrovsky and Arkady Gaidar, armored train commander Lyudmila Makievskaya, commissars Alexander Kondratyev and Anatoly Popov, leader of the Far Eastern Komsomol Vitaly Banevur and many others. Komsomol members fought selflessly behind enemy lines. In Odessa, the Komsomol underground numbered over 300 people, in Riga - about 200 people, underground Komsomol groups operated in Ekaterinodar (Krasnodar), Simferopol, Rostov-on-Don, Nikolaev, Tbilisi, etc. Many Komsomol members died brave deaths in battles to defend their gains October revolution. In severe trials, the Komsomol grew stronger and stronger. Despite the enormous sacrifices he made on the fronts, his numbers increased 20 times: in October 1918 - 22,100, in October 1920 - 482,000. In commemoration of military merits on the fronts of the Civil War in the period 1919-20 against the troops of the White Guard generals Kolchak , Denikin, Yudenich, Belopoles and Wrangel, the Komsomol in 1928 was awarded the Order of the Red Banner by a resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR.
Komsomol members of the 20th year
Music: O. Feltsman Words: V. Voinovich
Performed by: V. Troshin 
1929-1941
After the Civil War, the Komsomol was faced with the task of preparing worker and peasant youth for peaceful, creative activities. In October 1920, the 3rd Congress of the RKSM took place. The leadership for the activities of the Komsomol was Lenin’s speech at the congress on October 2, 1920, “Tasks of youth unions.” Lenin saw the main goal of the Komsomol as “... to help the party build communism and to help the entire young generation create a communist society.” The Komsomol directed all efforts to restore the national economy destroyed during the war. Boys and girls took part in the restoration of factories in Petrograd, Moscow, the Urals, mines and factories in Donbass, and the country's railways. In September 1920, the first All-Russian youth subbotnik was held. Komsomol members assisted the Soviet government in the fight against profiteering, sabotage, and banditry. In 1929, the Komsomol carried out the first mobilization of youth for new buildings of the 1st Five-Year Plan. Over 200 thousand Komsomol members came to construction sites with vouchers from their organizations. With the active participation of the Komsomol, the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station, the Moscow and Gorky Automobile Plants, the Stalingrad Tractor Plant, the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Plant, Railway Turksib and others. By the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on January 21, 1931, “for the initiative shown in the matter of shock work and socialist competition, ensuring the successful implementation of the five-year plan for the development of the national economy...” The Komsomol was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
Far Eastern song
Music: B. Shikhov Lyrics: A. Pomorsky 1929
Performed by: Big Choir VRiT. Execution 1970 
1941-1945
A severe test for the entire Soviet people, their younger generation The Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 appeared. The Komsomol and all Soviet youth, at the call of the Communist Party, came out to fight the Nazi invaders. Already in the first year of the war, about 2 million Komsomol members joined the ranks of the Red Army. Komsomol members, boys and girls showed unprecedented courage, bravery, and heroism, defending Brest, Liepaja, Odessa, Sevastopol, Smolensk, Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev, Stalingrad, and other cities and regions of the country from the enemy. The Komsomol organization of Moscow and the region alone sent over 300 thousand people to the front in the first 5 months of the war; 90% of the members of the Leningrad Komsomol organization fought against the Nazi invaders on the outskirts of the city of Lenin. Young partisans and underground fighters from Belarus, the occupied regions of the RSFSR, Ukraine, and the Baltic states acted fearlessly behind enemy lines. The partisan detachments consisted of 30-45% Komsomol members. Unparalleled heroism was shown by members of underground Komsomol organizations - “Young Guard” (Krasnodon), “Partisan Spark” (Nikolaev region), Lyudinovskaya underground Komsomol group, etc. In 1941-45, about 12 million young men and women joined the Komsomol. Of the 7 thousand Heroes of the Soviet Union under the age of 30, 3.5 thousand are Komsomol members (of which 60 are twice Heroes of the Soviet Union), 3.5 million Komsomol members were awarded orders and medals. The names of Komsomol members who fell in the fight against the fascist invaders: Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Alexander Chekalin, Lisa Chaikina, Alexander Matrosov, Viktor Talalikhin and many others - became a symbol of courage, courage, and heroism. For outstanding services to the Motherland during the Great Patriotic War and for his great work in educating Soviet youth in the spirit of selfless devotion to the socialist Fatherland, the Komsomol was awarded the Order of Lenin by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 14, 1945.
Komsomolskaya
("Goodbye, mom, don't worry, don't be sad,
wish us a good journey")
Music: V. Solovyov-Sedoy Lyrics: A. Galich 1947
Performed by: KrAPPSA, solo. O. Razumovsky Performed in 1950. 
1945-1948
The Komsomol invested enormous work in restoring the national economy destroyed by the Nazi invaders, in the construction of Minsk, Smolensk, Stalingrad, in the restoration of Leningrad, Kharkov, Kursk, Voronezh, Sevastopol, Odessa, Rostov-on-Don and many other cities, in the revival of industry and cities of Donbass, Dneproges, collective farms, state farms and MTS. In 1948 alone, 6,200 rural power plants were built and put into operation by youth. The Komsomol showed great concern for the placement of children and adolescents left without parents, for the expansion of the network of orphanages and vocational schools, and for the construction of schools. In 1948, the Komsomol celebrated its thirtieth anniversary. On October 28, 1948, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR awarded the Komsomol the second Order of Lenin.
Komsomol members
(An unforgettable song of the wonderful Stalin era.)
Music: A. Ostrovsky Lyrics: L. Oshanin
Performed by: I. D. Shmelev, Choir and Orc. p/u V.N. Knushevitsky Execution 1948 
1948-1956
The Komsomol took an active part in the implementation of measures developed by the party to raise Agriculture. Thousands of young specialists, workers and employees, and high school graduates were sent to state farms, collective farms, and MTS. In 1954-55, over 350 thousand young people went on Komsomol vouchers to develop the virgin lands of Kazakhstan, Altai, and Siberia. Their work was a real feat. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, on November 5, 1956, he was awarded the third Order of Lenin for his active participation in communist construction and especially for the development of virgin lands of the Komsomol.
On the road friends!
Music: Anatoly Lepin Lyrics: Alexey Fatyanov 1959
Performed by: actor Leonid Kharitonov and others. Performed in 1959. 
1956-1991
The scope of the Komsomol’s activities in solving national economic problems, in particular in the development of the riches of Siberia, has expanded significantly. Far East and the Far North, in the redistribution of the country's labor resources. All-Union detachments numbering more than 70 thousand people were formed, over 500 thousand young people were sent to new buildings. With the active participation of young people, about 1,500 important facilities were built and put into operation, including the largest in the world - the Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station, the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Plant, the Baikal-Amur Mainline named after the Lenin Komsomol, the Druzhba oil pipeline, etc. The Komsomol patronized 100 impact construction projects , including the development of the unique oil and gas resources of the Tyumen and Tomsk regions. Student construction teams have become a tradition for Komsomol members of universities. Millions of students took part in labor semesters. At the initiative of the Komsomol, the construction of youth residential complexes became widespread. Youth residential complexes have been built in 156 cities and regions of the country. The Komsomol is the initiator of all-Union campaigns to places of revolutionary, military and labor glory, in which millions of boys and girls participate. The children's and youth competitions “Golden Puck”, “Leather Ball”, “Olympic Spring”, “Neptune” and the all-Union military sports game “Zarnitsa”, held by the Komsomol Central Committee, became truly widespread. The Komsomol and Soviet youth organizations collaborated with international, regional, national and local youth organizations in 129 countries. On July 5, 1956, the Committee of Youth Organizations of the USSR was created, on May 10, 1958, the Bureau of International youth tourism"Satellite". Over four years, more than 22 million young people traveled around the country via Sputnik, and 1.7 million people traveled abroad. In 1968, for outstanding services and great contribution of Komsomol members to the formation and strengthening of Soviet power, courage and heroism shown in battles with the enemies of the socialist Fatherland, active participation in the construction of socialism, for fruitful work in the political education of younger generations in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol, he was awarded Order of the October Revolution.
Komsomol tradition
Music: O. Feltsman Words: I. Shaferan
Performed by: Vladislav Lynkovsky Performed in 1968.
| date | Congress | Resolutions |
|---|---|---|
| October 29 - November 4 1918 |
1st Congress of the RKSM | Uniting disparate youth organizations of a socialist and communist orientation into an all-Russian organization with a single center, working under the leadership of the RCP (b). The basic principles of the program and the charter of the RKSM were adopted. |
| October 5 - 8 1919 |
II Congress of the RKSM | An appeal to the proletarian youth of the whole world with a call to create the Communist Youth International (CYI). |
| October 2 - 10 1920 |
III Congress of the RKSM | The tasks of socialist construction and communist education of youth, restoration of the national economy destroyed during the war were defined. |
| September 21 - 28 1921 |
IV Congress of the RKSM | |
| October 11 - 17 1922 |
V Congress of the RKSM | |
| July 12 - 18 1924 |
VI Congress of the RKSM | RKSM was named after V.I. Lenin |
| March 11 - 22 1926 |
VII Congress of the Komsomol | Supporting the party line in the fight against Trotskyism. RKSM was renamed into Komsomol. |
| May 5 - 16 1928 |
VIII Congress of the Komsomol | |
| January 16 - 26 1931 |
IX Congress of the Komsomol | |
| April 11 - 21 1936 |
X Congress of the Komsomol | |
| March 29 - April 7 1949 |
XI Congress of the Komsomol | |
| March 19 - 27 1954 |
XII Congress of the Komsomol | |
| April 15 - 18 1958 |
XIII Congress of the Komsomol | |
| April 16 - 20 1962 |
XIV Congress of the Komsomol | The Komsomol Charter was adopted |
| May 17 - 21 1966 |
XV Congress of the Komsomol | |
| May 26 - 30 1970 |
XVI Congress of the Komsomol | |
| April 23 - 27 1974 |
XVII Congress of the Komsomol | |
| April 25 - 28 1978 |
XVIII Congress of the Komsomol | |
| May 18 - 21 1982 |
XIX Congress of the Komsomol | |
| April 15 - 18 1987 |
XX Congress of the Komsomol | |
| April 11 - 18 1990 |
XXI Congress of the Komsomol | |
| September 27 - 28 1991 |
XXII Congress of the Komsomol (emergency) |
On October 29, 1918, at the First All-Russian Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth, the Russian Communist Youth Union (RCYU) was created.
1. Among the delegates to the congress at which the decision was made to create a communist youth union, in addition to the Bolsheviks and sympathizers, were 45 non-party delegates, one left Socialist Revolutionary and one anarchist.
3. In October 1918, 22,100 members joined the RKSM. By 1920, the number of members of the organization reached 482 thousand people. The number of members of the organization reached its maximum in the early 1980s, when it simultaneously included over 40 million people. In total, over 200 million people in our country became members of the Komsomol.
Delegates of the First All-Russian Congress of Workers' and Peasants' Youth Unions, at which a socio-political organization was created, later named the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union (VLKSM). October 1918. Photo: RIA Novosti / Ivan Shagin
4. After the death of Vladimir Lenin in 1924, the RKSM was renamed RKLSM - this is how the Komsomol became “Leninist”. The organization received its final name in 1926, in connection with the formation of the USSR - Komsomol (All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union).
5. The Komsomol, according to its program, was considered an independent organization working under the leadership of the Communist Party. In turn, the Komsomol also led the activities of another organization created for children and teenagers - the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin.
6. In the late Soviet period, the Komsomol took a clear place in the ideological hierarchy of the Soviet Union. It consisted of Soviet boys and girls aged 14 to 28 years, who had previously been in the ranks of the Octobrists (from 7 to 9 years old) and Pioneers (from 9 to 14 years old). It was assumed that after 28 years a Komsomol member could join the party. In reality, however, less than half of the former Komsomol members joined the ranks of the Communist Party.
Painting by P. P. Belousov “Lenin among the delegates of the Third Congress of the RKSM.” Photo: www.russianlook.com
7. From 1918 to the early 1990s, the Komsomol was headed by 15 leaders in the positions of chairmen, first and general secretaries Central Committee. Moreover, of the six first leaders of the Komsomol, five died during the “Great Terror” of 1937-1938, and another spent about 15 years in prison.
8. During its existence, the Komsomol as an organization was awarded six orders, with all awards occurring in the period from 1928 to 1968. The Komsomol has three Orders of Lenin (for the 30th anniversary of the organization, for military merits in the Great Patriotic War and for the development of virgin lands), the Order of the Red Banner (for military merits in the Civil War and the fight against interventionists), the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (for shock work during the years of the first five-year plan) and the Order of the October Revolution (for the 50th anniversary of the organization).
9. In the Soviet Union, the Komsomol was engaged in the redistribution of labor resources within the country. For this purpose, the so-called “Komsomol voucher” distribution was used - on the basis of a document issued by a local Komsomol organization, the young man was sent to work in sparsely populated and hard-to-reach areas of the country where there was a shortage of personnel. The Komsomol voucher was used not only to send young people to other regions, but also to send them to other industries - for example, a voucher from the Komsomol to a flight school, to serve in the army or the police.
10. An integral part of the activities of the Komsomol were the so-called “Komsomol shock construction projects” - the construction of important industrial facilities, the patronage of which was entrusted to the Komsomol. In terms of importance, Komsomol shock construction projects were divided into several categories, the highest of which was the All-Union Komsomol shock construction project. The most famous such construction project was the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM). On this biggest infrastructure project In the late Soviet Union, tens of thousands of people worked on Komsomol vouchers from 1974 to 1984.
Penultimate, XXI Congress of the Komsomol. First Secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee Viktor Mironenko leaves the podium after his self-recusal, 1990. Photo: RIA Novosti / Ptitsyn
11. The All-Union Leninist Communist Youth League (VLKSM) was dissolved at the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the organization in September 1991, which was convened immediately after the so-called “August putsch”. The then leaders of the Komsomol came to the conclusion that the organization had exhausted its political role.
The meaning of the word “Komsomolets” is unclear to the modern generation. People who saw it remember very well what it means. A Komsomol member is a young communist, the future leader of party cells. With the political monopoly of the CPSU, it was impossible to reach the top of power without the Komsomol. This is the first step in the authoritarian hierarchy. About who Komsomol members are, later in the article.
Meaning of the word
This concept came about by shortening the name of the organization - the All-Union Leninist Communist Union of Youth (VLKSM). Consequently, a Komsomol member is a member of this organization.
Requirements for candidates to the Komsomol
Not everyone could become members of the Komsomol. A Komsomol member is a future party member, the elite of society. Not every person could get here. Main criteria:
- Age. Young people from 14 to 28 years old could become members of the Komsomol. In practice, teenagers rarely joined the Union.
- Personal achievements. A Komsomol member is an excellent student and an activist. He definitely attends military-patriotic circles. It is desirable that the candidate go through the entire ideological chain “Oktyabrenok - Pioneer - Komsomol member.” Naturally, there should be only positive characteristics.
- Recommendations. It is imperative that the candidate is recommended by someone. This can be done either by a respected communist, or by a couple of other Komsomol members.
- Knowledge. A mini-exam was conducted before acceptance. The questions, of course, were known to everyone at that time: about the general secretaries of the CPSU Central Committee, related to the history and orders of the Komsomol, about the first secretaries of the organization, etc.
All requirements were formal. Often not followed. Sometimes, for the sake of numbers, less worthy candidates were selected.
How many orders does the Komsomol have, or formalism in acceptance
At the end of the era of socialism, getting into the Komsomol was simple: write an application and go through an interview. The questions were templates, the answers were simple. The most common one is how many orders the Komsomol has. There were six of them. The other three are the Order of the Red Banner of Battle, the Red Banner of Labor and the October Revolution. It was not difficult to answer other questions. For example, it was necessary to name the current Secretary. We think that few people today do not know the current leader of our state.
Contributions
All Komsomol members were required to pay dues. For students and army personnel the amount was two kopecks. At the prices of that time, this is two boxes of matches. For working members, the contribution was one percent of salary.
The tragic fates of pre-war leaders
The Komsomol was proud to be the same age as the revolution. In fact, since October 1917, youth unions did not have a single organization. The official date of formation of the Komsomol is October 29, 1918. On this day, the First All-Russian Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth took place.
The fate of all pre-war Komsomol leaders was tragic. Efim Tsetlin was the first to be elected. In 1937 he was shot as an “enemy of the people.” In the years Stalin's repressions This fate befell five other pre-war leaders of the Komsomol. Of the first seven pre-war Komsomol leaders, only one died of natural causes. It was Alexander Milchakov. He got off “easy” - he received 17 years in the camps.
History of the Komsomol
As mentioned above, the First Congress of the RKSM took place on October 29, 1918. It lasted until November 4. The name of the organization changed. RKSM soon changed its name to RLKSM (Russian Leninist Communist Youth Union), and since 1956 - Komsomol.
In 1928, the Union received its first order - the Battle Red Banner for merits and heroism during the civil war and for repelling foreign intervention.
There were six of them in total: the Red Banner of Labor (1931) for the October Revolution (1968), three Orders of Lenin (1945, 1948, 1956).
Apart from the Red Banner of Battle and one Order of Lenin, all other awards had the wording “for active socialist construction.” There is no pathos in this. The Komsomols, indeed, raised the country from its knees: these were the first virgin lands, with their hands the Baikal-Amur Mainline was built, they built cities, Komsomol members were never indifferent when the “Lenin Party” needed them. That is why many elderly people, former Komsomol members, were so sensitive to the collapse of the Union and the privatization of factories built by their hands.
At the end of September 1991, the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol took place. There the organization announced its self-dissolution. As stated at the congress, the Union has exhausted its capabilities.
Who is a Komsomol member at the end of socialism?
At the end of the 80s. In the twentieth century, the crisis of Soviet power was obvious. The Komsomol as one of the stages of a unified ideological system was doomed.
The decline of the organization, as noted by current Komsomol members, occurred already in the mid-eighties of the last century. The Komsomol was compared to a beautiful wrapper, inside of which there was nothing.
A Komsomol member of the era of the decline of socialism is not an exemplary young man with high moral principles. Everyone was accepted into the organization. Therefore, few people thought about the moral aspect.
The role of the Komsomol for youth
What did the Komsomol mean to young people? It performed several important functions:
- Conducted socialization of youth. For 25 years after the closure of the Komsomol, our society has not created such an organization. The Komsomol for young people was a real school, a transitional stage from youth to adult life. The Union helped young people find themselves in life and revealed their potential.
- Acted as a social elevator. Komsomol is an organization that was a forge of leadership personnel. Without her it was impossible to join the only party in the country. And without this, in turn, you can forget about a leadership position.
Why were they expelled from the organization?
The reasons why young people were expelled from the organization were few, but they were serious:
- non-payment of membership fees;
- criminal record;
- drunkenness;
- parasitism;
- immoral lifestyle.
Such behavior was widely publicized and condemned at party meetings, Komsomol organizations, and labor collectives. In social science, this concept is called “social control.”
conclusions
We hope that we have covered this aspect. So, Komsomol members, who are they? Let us repeat, these are members of the Komsomol, the main youth organization in socialist system authorities. Membership could guarantee career advancement.
On September 27, 1991, the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol announced the self-dissolution of the country's largest youth organization
When in the early 80s of the last century each student contributed from 2 to 10 kopecks monthly to Komsomol funds from his scholarship, this did not particularly bother anyone. As they say, not money. But it was from these pennies that the fabulous fortune of the Komsomol was formed, the exact principles of spending which, and most importantly, the fate after the collapse of the organization remained vague. And it is still unclear how an organization with which the fate of more than 200 million people was connected disappeared overnight.
Born of revolution
The November Revolution of 1917 demonstrated that the overwhelming majority of the Russian population did not support the Bolsheviks at all. The outbreak of riots and spontaneous uprisings required strengthening Soviet power in places. And here, completely illiterate youth had to come to the aid of the new government, into whose heads completely different ideas could be put.
On October 29, 1918, the First Congress of the Russian Communist Youth Union took place, the delegates of which were the most active participants in the Civil War. Very important figures in the creation of the Komsomol were Leon Trotsky And Lazar Shatskin. The first subsequently fled abroad, wandered from country to country and was eventually hit in the head with an ice pick. The second was shot in 1937. Both were erased from the history of not only the Komsomol, but in general.
Party Appendage
The desire of Komsomol ideologists for sterility quickly led to the fact that from a truly powerful and really working in the Civil and Patriotic, during the years of restoration, virgin lands development and other important periods in the history of the organization, the Youth Union turned into an appendage of the party. Enthusiasm gave way to show off. It is no coincidence that the Komsomol received its last of six orders in 1968, long before its collapse.
Joining the Komsomol became a little more difficult than going to the cinema, and at the same time it was impossible not to join: this complicated the path to university and, in general, the entire future career. Komsomol meetings, where biography could once be made or broken, have turned into profanation. The main issues at them were collecting contributions and attracting new members to the Komsomol. Moreover, the image of a Komsomol member increasingly began to be associated not with a budenovka or a work uniform, but with a suit and tie.
And most importantly, Komsomol members never did anything that their “senior comrades” would not approve of. Large youth organizations were headed by people with a party card. Komsomol members endlessly reported with papers and ceremonial reviews, preparation for which consumed the efforts of the entire apparatus. All this is well written in the story Yuri Polyakov"Regional-scale emergency." For some reason it was called sensational, although the writer did not reveal any secrets.
Personal is higher than public
The more socialism “bloomed,” the less the Komsomol understood what it should do. From time to time, the leadership of the CPSU tried to shake up its youth wing. Almost every day they showed on TV how hundreds of young people voluntarily went to explore Siberia and build the BAM, but in reality all the main work was assigned to prisoners and construction battalion soldiers.
And then it turned out that young people are concerned not only with social ideals, but also with their personal lives. Young families had almost no opportunity to get an apartment.
In the 1970s, the idea arose of building YHCs (youth residential complexes), which were supposed to become impact Komsomol construction projects on a local scale. The goal was good - to allow young people to build themselves not only housing with their own hands, but also to form a special, youth subculture, leisure methods and even principles of self-government. But the indestructible administrative-command system interfered with everything, and apartments were often given to ordinary “thieves.”
The sentence was carried out
And it is not surprising that as soon as the State Emergency Committee was suppressed in August 1991 and the activities of the CPSU were banned, the “orphaned” Komsomol simply did not understand what to do next. First Secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee Vladimir Zyukin declared an Extraordinary Congress.
As eyewitnesses now say, everyone understood perfectly well why they had gathered, so the atmosphere was semi-funeral. Only the Belarusians proposed leaving the Komsomol alive. Although, in accordance with the regulations, a pause was taken to discuss this “idea,” the verdict was signed long ago. It is curious that the delegates, having carried it out, soulfully sang “I will not part with the Komsomol, I will be forever young!”
A very exciting question was where would the huge property of the Komsomol go, which had its own prize, its own newspapers, publishing complexes, hotels, camp sites, holiday homes and other attractive inheritance.
It was decided to transfer to the republican youth unions all the property located on their territory and even shares in business enterprises. It turned out to be a little more difficult to divide the total fund of insurance premiums of the Komsomol, which amounted to a fabulous 390 million at that time.
While they were determining how to do this “honestly,” the USSR also collapsed, and the amount practically eaten up by inflation disappeared somewhere. True, even before the collapse of the country, here and there certain “centers” arose technical creativity youth", essentially cooperatives, and only then in the ranks Russian oligarchs people with a glorious administrative-Komsomol past were discovered.
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