What time of year is it in south korea. Climate and Geography of South Korea

The Republic of Korea (pronounced in Korean as taehan minguk), or unofficially South Korea, is a country located in East Asia, in the south of the Korean Peninsula, with its capital in the city of Seoul.

South Korea has a border in the north with North Korea- Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The so-called demilitarized zone runs along this land border. On all other sides, South Korea is surrounded by sea (length coastline- 2,413 km): the Yellow Sea in the west, the East China Sea in the south, the Sea of ​​Japan in the east.

People settled in Korea already in the Neolithic era. At the beginning of our era, three rival kingdoms developed on the Korean peninsula: Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje. The largest and strongest was the kingdom of Goguryeo, which was in a state of permanent war with the Chinese Song and Tang dynasties. In the 5th-7th centuries, the kingdom of Silla gained influence, seizing the entire territory of the Korean Peninsula, forcing the remnants of the troops of the kingdom of Goguryeo to take refuge in the territory of the present Chinese province of Jilin (Jilin) ​​in Manchuria, where they founded the state of Parhae in 698, destroyed by the Chinese in 926. All three kingdoms were united during the Goryeo Dynasty, which came to power in 918. Founded in 1392, the Joseon Dynasty ruled Korea until 1910. Between 1592 and 1598, Japan tried to conquer Korea, and in the 1620s, Manchuria, soon conquered in turn by the Chinese Ming dynasty. After that, the Joseon Dynasty came under the rule of the Chinese Qing Dynasty.

In 1876, Japan forced Korea to open up to foreign trade. Japan has always sought to suppress the Korean national identity, and in 1910 Korea signed an annexation treaty with the Land of the Rising Sun. After the defeat of Japan in 1945, according to the UN plan, the northern part of Korea was given to the control of the USSR, and the United States got the southern zone of influence, which led to the emergence of two separate states on the Korean Peninsula - North and South Korea.

This was followed by a period of military conflicts, coups and revolutions - the so-called period of six republics, which ended with the victory of democratic forces in South Korea: in 1987, democratic elections were held in the country, and in 1992 the first civilian president was elected.

Current time in Seoul:
(UTC+9)

Today, South Korea is a state with a fairly developed economy, which is becoming a new interesting tourist destination, and attracting thousands of visitors from all over the world from year to year. The country is famous for nature conservation areas that are suitable for ecotourists; ancient Buddhist buildings, interesting for lovers of cultural and educational tourism; sandy beaches of Jeju Island, which attract fans beach holiday, diving and surfing.

How to get to South Korea

Airplane

In the vast majority of cases, tourists arrive by plane in Seoul. The capital of South Korea is served by two airports - Incheon and Gimpo, international flights arrive at the first.

You can fly directly from Russia to Seoul from Moscow (flights of Aeroflot and Korean Air), Khabarovsk and Vladivostok (Asiana), as well as St. Petersburg (seasonally) and Irutsk (Korean Air). From other cities of Russia to the Asian metropolis on this moment can be reached by regular flights with connections in the listed cities.

Almost a direct flight is at the disposal of residents of St. Petersburg - Finnair operates non-stop flights on the route Helsinki - Seoul. And thanks to the Allegro trains, the Northern Capital is only a couple of hours from the Finnish capital. However, this option is only suitable for those who have Schengen, otherwise it is better to use the same Finnair, but in a connecting option, since Helsinki Airport is quite comfortable and pleasant.

Naturally, you can fly through Moscow, this option is most suitable for cities in central Russia, up to the Urals. There are other options, we have listed them below. In addition, many European airlines, represented in Russia (Lufthansa, Czech Airlines, KLM and others), fly to Seoul, but flying with them seems illogical due to the big “hook”, but it can make sense if you participate in various loyalty programs European carriers.

Ferry

Cities and regions

South Korea is administratively divided into 9 provinces (1 of them autonomous), 1 city of special status and 6 metropolitan cities. These units, in turn, are subdivided into a number of smaller entities: cities, counties, municipalities, towns, townships, urban areas and villages.

Seoul is the capital of South Korea, founded on the site of a late 14th century settlement called Hanyang. The settlement in which Royal Palace Gyeong-bok was soon fortified. In 1910 - 1942, the city was called Gyeongsong, and its current name - Seoul (from Korean - "capital"), received in 1945. Since 1948, Seoul has been the official capital of the Republic of Korea and its main economic, political and cultural center.

Incheon is a large metropolitan city (the third largest in Korea) and a port on the coast of the Yellow Sea. Incheon, with its major port, is the "gateway to Seoul", and to some extent refers to Greater Seoul. Transport systems of Seoul and Incheon (in particular, subway lines) interconnected. Incheon has a free economic zone established in 2003.

People settled in the territory of Incheon already in the Neolithic era. From the end of the 4th century eka, the city turned into a major trading center of Korea, and remained so throughout the Middle Ages. In 1883, the port of Chemulpo was founded in the city, which was one of the first to open for trade with foreigners. Incheon Harbor is known for being the site of a 1904 Russo-Japanese War- here the Japanese squadron attacked and to the Russian cruiser"Varyag", which was sunk, but did not surrender to the enemy. In 1950, Inchon was also the site of an American amphibious landing, which was a turning point in the course of Korean War.

In the composition of e Inch hon are Yeongjeong, Wolmi and Mui islands. Yeongjong Island attracts tourists Baegun-san with Yongun Monastery-sa and mineral springs with a spa complex.

Gwangju is the capital of the South Jeolla province, a metropolitan city located in the central part of Korea, surrounded by picturesque natural landscapes. Gwangju is a famous cultural and scientific center of the country. The city was founded in 57 BC. e. Since 370, the city, then called Hanam Vireson, was the capital of the Baekje state. The name Gwangju was adopted in 940.

One of the suburbs of Gwangju, Punwonni, has been a well-known center for the production of ceramics since the 15th century; it was here that most of Korean white porcelain has always been produced.

Recently, Gwangju has been a modern metropolis with a developed infrastructure. It still remains a major center of the Korean ceramics industry. The city has many attractions, including christian temple Chongjinam (18th century), Namhanseong Fort (1626), State Museum with an extensive archaeological and ceramic collection.

Among the events of Gwangju, the Tomato Festival with fairs and competitions, the World Pottery Exhibition and the annual September White Pottery Festival stand out.

Busan is the second largest city in the country, having the status of a metropolitan city, located on the southern coast of Korea. Busan has a major city port, which ranks fourth in the world in terms of cargo turnover.

Daegu is the fourth largest city in South Korea (after Seoul, Busan and Incheon), the capital of Gyeongsangbuk-do province. Administratively, it is a city of direct subordination. Throughout its history, Daegu has been a major transportation hub, on the way from Seoul to Busan.

People have settled in Daegu since 1500-3000. BC e. The city was founded in 261. According to chronicles, during the Three Kingdoms, Daegu was called Delgubel, and was part of the kingdom of Silla. The modern name - Daegu - the city received in 757. From the 15th century, market trade developed in Daegu. The most famous of the ancient markets is Yangnyeongsi, the market for medicinal herbs, which is still open today.

Daegu attracts tourists with the following attractions: Apsan Park with Buddhist temples and the Korean War Museum; Phalgongsan Park with many monasteries; Talson Park, located in an ancient fortress; amusement park Turyu.

Gyeongju is a large Korean city located in the southeastern part of Gyeongsangbuk-do province on the coast of the Sea of ​​Japan. Due to its cultural and historical heritage, Gyeongju has been a recognized tourist center of Korea for many years, included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List, and attracts many tourists.

The first documentary evidence of the existence of the city on the site of the current Gyeongju dates back to the beginning of our era. The city was probably founded in 57 BC. e. In the 4th-10th centuries, the city was the capital of the state of Silla, and since the 7th century it has been a recognized cultural center of the country. In 940, Gyeongju received its current name, and soon lost its meaning. Until the 20th century, when archaeological research began in the city, the historical monuments of Gyeongju were repeatedly destroyed and looted. The city received new development as an industrial and tourist center only in the 1970s.

Today, tourists visiting Gyeongju get to know the cultural heritage of Silla at the Gyeongju National Museum, which is famous for its rich collection of archaeological items. In addition, among the local attractions, the grotto of the ruins of the once large temple of Hwangnyeong-sa with sculptures of Buddhas and bodhisattvas surrounding it and the remains of the Bunhwan-sa monastery (7th century) stand out among the local attractions; the royal necropolis of Kerim in the center of the city, the ancient Cheomseongdae observatory (647). In addition, the city is worth seeing the cave temple of Sokku-ram (8th century) and the ancient Bulguk-sa monastery (528) rebuilt on the Toham-san hill, as well as several fortresses from the time of the Silla state.

Jeju, or Jeju, is the largest island of Korea and at the same time the smallest province in the country with the administrative center of the same name in the city of Jeju. The island is located in the Korea Strait, 100 km from the southern coast of the country, and is considered one of the the best resorts Korea. The island is home to the legendary haenyo divers, who dive to depths of up to 10m.

Jeju Island was formed as a result of the eruption of the Halla-san volcano (height 1950 m), now considered extinct. Solidified lava flows formed bizarre reliefs on the slopes of the volcano in the form of grottoes, caves, tunnels and pillars. Here was educated national park, which is home to about 2,000 plant species and 4,000 animal species. For its uniqueness, the island was included in the UNESCO World Natural Heritage List.

Until 662, Jeju, then called Thamna, was a separate state, after which it was conquered by Silla. In 938, after the fall of Silla, the island came under Goryeo rule. During the period of the Japanese protectorate in 1910, Jeju was renamed Saishu (for ease of pronunciation by the Japanese), and after the liberation of Korea from the Japanese, it became part of it. In the second half of the 20th century, Jeju Island began to develop as a major tourist center.

The island, where the holiday season lasts from July to September, is famous for its beaches. There are beaches with both white fine sand and black volcanic sand. The coastal waters abound with a wealth of flora and fauna, making the island a center of attraction for diving enthusiasts. In addition to diving, windsurfing, snorkeling and fishing are popular in the coastal waters of Jeju Island.

On the southern coast of the island is a fairly large city of Sogipo, surrounded by tangerine plantations. There, it is worth visiting the Tangerine Museum and the Chonbang Waterfall, the only waterfall in Asia that rushes water into the ocean. Another island resort - Chunmun - is famous for its beaches and nearby volcanic pillars of Chusan Cheolli-de. Near the Gimnyeon resort, it is worth seeing the Monchang-gul cave - the longest lava cave in the world: its length is 13422 m and the height is about 10 m.

Sights of South Korea

Attractions in Korea can be found in many throughout its territory. Of particular interest to tourists are objects of world cultural heritage of UNESCO.

• Megalithic structures - dolmens
• Hwaseong Fortress (Diamond Fortress)
• Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty
• Seokguram Cave Temple and Bulguksa Temple Complex
• Gyeju State Museum
• Demilitarized Zone and Phanmunjeong Peace Village

If you decide to limit yourself to the capital of South Korea, or your path will lie through it (and in most cases it happens), then we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the list of attractions in Seoul, and with the page of the city as a whole.

Where to go in South Korea

Attractions

Museums and galleries

Entertainment

Parks and recreation areas

Leisure

Transport

Wellness vacation

Private guides in South Korea

Russian private guides will help you get acquainted with South Korea in more detail.
Registered on the Experts.Tourister.Ru project.

Things to do in South Korea

The beaches of South Korea

Due to its geographic location, Korea is an established Asian beach destination. The following are the most interesting beaches of South Korea, follow the links to get detailed information - location, photos, infrastructure and other nuances.

Alpine skiing in South Korea

Skiing is a very popular outdoor activity in Korea. There are more than ten well-known ski resorts in the mountains, all located near Seoul. The ski season in the country lasts from December to March, but the rest of the year the ski resorts are also crowded with summer entertainment: golf courses and amusement parks. The following are the main ski resorts South Korea, follow the links for more information.

Wellness in South Korea

Korea is famous for its thermal springs, next to which SPA and wellness centers are open. In total, there are about 70 health centers and about 100 traditional Korean bath complexes "chimchilbang" in the country.

Below is a list of some of the popular thermal centers in South Korea, the links you will find more complete information - location, description, sites, and so on.

Treatment in South Korea

In addition, Korea is becoming a recognized destination in Asia for medical tourism, whose popularity is determined by two main factors: the tourist attractiveness of the country as a whole and high quality offered medical services.

Medical centers in South Korea:

• Oriental Medicine Center at Sangzhi University
• East-West Medical Center at Qeng Hee University

Diving in South Korea

Diving in South Korea is most developed on Jeju Island. The main diving sites are the surroundings of small islands off the south coast of Jeju, located in the sea, a 15-20 minute boat ride from Seogwipo. Here, depths from 40 to 70 m are observed.

The coastal waters of Jeju at the junction of the Yellow Sea, the Sea of ​​​​Japan and the East China Sea form a unique hydrodynamic complex, characterized by a huge variety of underwater fauna (lionfish, triggerfish, tetradon, silver tuna, butterfly and angelfish, orange starfish) and richness flora (soft corals, anemones, sponges).

The best season for diving is from June to December. The water temperature in summer is + 24 - + 26 ° С, in some cases warming up to + 28.8 ° С, in winter and autumn - + 19 - + 23 ° С. January and February bring coolness with them, many dive centers close.

In addition to diving, snorkeling is popular in the coastal waters of the southern part of Jeju Island.

Traveling in South Korea

Inside the country, you can travel by plane, bus, train or rental car.

Aircraft

All major cities in South Korea are interconnected by airlines. Domestically, two Korean airlines - and - fly between 14 cities in the country, including Seoul, Busan, Jeju, Daegu, Gwangju, Wonju, Ulsan.

Trains

You can also travel around South Korea by train. The railway network covers almost the entire country.

There are four types of trains in Korea: KTX (Korea Train Express) - super-high-speed (two super-high-speed railway lines that connect Seoul with Busan and Mokpo, comfortable trains reach speeds of up to 300 km / h), Saemaeul express trains, Mugunhwa fast trains (quite comfortable) and Tong-il passenger trains (slow and not very comfortable). Cars are of I and II classes, the cost of tickets depends on the class and distance. On all trains except express trains, passengers are allowed to travel standing up if there are no seats available. Tickets are sold at the box office of the stations.

On all major railway stations there are special ticket offices selling single travel tickets for foreigners - KR Pass. They give the right to travel any distance on all types of trains without restrictions on the number of trips. Tickets come in various durations - for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days. You can check the current cost and book KR Pass tickets at.

After the online purchase of the KR Pass, the tourist is sent a voucher, which should be exchanged for a ticket upon arrival in Korea at the box office of the stations.

Buses

You can also travel around Korea by bus - the country has a well-established intercity bus service. All buses, regardless of class, are very comfortable.

Buses are divided into regular buses (ilban) and first class buses (udyn), while the difference in ticket prices is unreasonably large, given the small difference in comfort.

Intercity buses depart from Seoul to other cities in the country from three major bus stations:

Intercity buses across the country depart at intervals of 15 - 20 minutes. The bus fare depends on the distance travelled. Up-to-date information on bus schedules and fares can be seen at.

Inside cities, you can travel by city buses. They come in different comfort levels, the routes are marked with numbers, but the information is written only in Korean. Fare, as a rule, is 600 - 1300 won and does not depend on the distance of the trip. The fare is paid in cash or with a transport card, which is also valid in the metro.

Metro

Subway in Korea is available in four cities - in Seoul, Busan, Daegu and Gwangju. The Seoul subway is quite large, it connects the capital with the suburbs. You can buy a subway ticket at the subway ticket office, from ticket machines that accept 10, 50, 100 and 500 won coins and 1,000 won bills. In the Korean subway, station names and all basic information are duplicated in English.

Auto

You can rent a car to travel around the country. The quality of roads in Korea is at highest level. To rent a car, the driver must be over 21 years old, have driving experience of more than 1 year, have a passport and an international driver's license. Rental offices can be found at airports and hotels.

Taxi

Often, tourists move inside Korean cities by taxi. Taxis can be ordered by phone or found on the street. There are many taxi cars in Korea, they are very safe, comfortable and inexpensive. Many taxi drivers speak English. A free taxi is marked with a yellow or blue light on the roof.

Taxis are ordinary and deluxe. Cars with Kind Call Taxi and KT Powertel signs have devices for simultaneous translation from Korean, counters and navigators.

The fare in an ordinary taxi is calculated as follows: payment for landing and the first 2 km - 1600 won, then for every 150 meters of the way - 100 won. If the car travels less than 14.75 km per hour, an additional 100 won will be added to the total amount for every 41 seconds of the trip. The cost of a night trip (24:00 - 04:00) becomes 20% higher.

The deluxe taxis are usually black with a yellow stripe on the side, a yellow badge on the roof and the corresponding Deluxe Taxi logo. The fare is calculated as follows: 4,000 won for the first 3 km and 200 won for each subsequent 205 m or 50 seconds of travel (if the speed drops below 15 km per hour). The fare does not increase at night. Drivers issue a check when paying for the fare.

All taxis run within the city limits, and when traveling to the suburbs, the cost can double. Therefore, it is worth telling the driver the address of the destination before the start of the trip.

Water transport

South Korea has several hundred islands connected by ferry lines. A large number of ferries connect Jeju Island with the ports of Mokpo, Yeoso and Incheon, Ulleung Island with the ports of Pohang and Seokkcho, Pennyeon and Techeon Islands with Munchon.

Korean cuisine

Korean cuisine, which is very reminiscent of Chinese and Japanese, is diverse, it contains meat, fish, seafood, eggs, rice, soy, vegetables.

Korean cooking is distinguished by the abundance of spices used. So, Korean food is very spicy - in most dishes there is red pepper, garlic and onions. The sharpness of dishes seasoned with pepper has developed historically: the country has a hot and humid climate, which does not contribute to the preservation of products. Among the sauces that season dishes, soy sauce, traditional for Asia, stands out.

The main place on the Korean table is occupied by rice, from which pabi porridge is prepared, chhaltok rice cakes, spicy rice pilaf with bibimbap vegetables, and kimbap rice rolls. Rice is always served with dishes under the general name "kimchi" - various kinds of pickles and spicy snacks from vegetables, marinated meat and seafood.

Fish and seafood, whose wealth is due to the geographical location of Korea, are also very often present on the menu of the country's inhabitants. Here, as in Japan, they eat raw fish - “hwe”. There are many dishes prepared from fish such as cod, pollock, flounder, from the pulp of mollusks, squid, shrimp, oysters, trepang, octopus, seaweed, etc. Traditional Korean dishes are fried fish "sanson gui", stew sea ​​food "hemul chongol", pancakes with seafood and green onions "bajeon", seaweed salads, squid ("odjino") and octopus ("nakji") dishes.

One of the main dishes in Korea is guksu noodles, which are made from wheat, buckwheat, corn and even potato flour. Noodles are served with stewed, fried or marinated meat, poured with hot or cold broth.

In Korean cooking, there are first courses, in particular, soups. They are eaten for both breakfast and dinner. There are a lot of types of soups: hodgepodges, meat, fish, vegetable soups. Often soups are seasoned with soy sauce. Among the most popular soups are beef rib soup “kalbi thang”, soy soup with egg and shellfish “sundubu jigae”, spicy soup from seafood “hemul than”, spicy fish soup “maeuntang”, soybean sprouted soup “khonnamulguk”, etc. d.

Among the meat dishes that end up on the Korean table, it is worth mentioning first of all "bulgogi" - finely chopped beef marinated in soy sauce and sesame oil, and then fried in a wok. Other popular dishes are grilled beef ribs “kalbi”, pork or beef ribs stew “kalbichim”, chicken stew “takkalbi”, dumplings “mandu”, etc.

An ambiguous reaction of tourists is caused by dishes from dog meat, occasionally (contrary to the established opinion of foreigners) present on the Korean table. In particular, we are talking about dog meat soup "Posintang" (bosintang - "stewed dog meat with spices", as well as "soup that strengthens the body"). In this light, it is worth saying that dog meat in Korea is not considered a product for the preparation of everyday food - it is rather a dietary and medicinal food. In addition, in Korea, the dog is not perceived as a "man's friend", it is not given any role in society that is different from other animals. Going on about public opinion West, today the Korean authorities have introduced a number of legislative measures that, if they do not completely prohibit the use of dog meat in cooking, then largely regulate this process.

Among the vegetable dishes in the menu of Koreans, the leading place is occupied by dishes from legumes. Legumes are presented in a variety: soybeans, peas, beans, green “noktu” beans, red “phatch”, etc. Sprouted soybeans are often a substitute in meat dishes. From the same soybeans are produced soy milk, cottage cheese, soy sauce and pasta.

Desserts and sweets are also present on the Korean table. The most popular of them are "quadul" - a dessert made from rice dough, acorn jelly "tothorimuk", cookies "hangwa", "tasik" - sweets made from honey, chestnuts, beans, sesame and medicinal herbs. Among fruits, persimmon and tangerines are actively consumed.

Koreans, as a rule, end their meal with sweet rice water "sikhe" or a decoction of cinnamon and persimmon "sujeongkwa", herbal teas, coffee. Alcoholic beverages in Korea are mainly represented by the results of rice processing - rice wine "Makkori" or "nonju", rice beer, rice vodka.

Etiquette at the table

Residents of Korea do not often arrange feasts at home, mainly by inviting guests to restaurants. In a Korean restaurant, people usually eat while sitting on the floor with cushions. In winter the floor is heated. Shoes are left at the entrance.

The traditional rules of behavior at the table, the order of serving dishes, the methods and doses of consuming alcoholic beverages developed several centuries ago. The rules for eating and table setting are worth a separate mention.

So, for example, Koreans eat not only with chopsticks, but also with spoons (for liquid dishes), which are a symbol of life (they say about the deceased that he “put his spoon down”, about the number of eaters - as the number of spoons, not mouths, as in Russian). Unlike other cultures that used chopsticks when eating, Koreans have been using a spoon since the 5th century. Sticks (“chotjarak”, “jeotgarak”) and a small spoon with a long handle (“sutjarak”, “sutgarak”) together make up the table set “sujo” (“sujeo”, short for “sutgarak” and “jeotgarak”), they are made stainless steel or silver. According to Korean etiquette, when using chopsticks, a spoon is placed on the edge of a bowl with a liquid dish, and when using a spoon, the chopsticks are simply placed on the table.

There are no personal plates on the Korean table. The entire surface of the table, in the center of which rises the main dish of meat or fish, is lined with small bowls with salads and sauces. Participants in the meal eat immediately from all plates. It is impolite to ask a table neighbor to serve something, you need to try to reach the desired dish yourself. Cutlery that has fallen on the floor should never be picked up - you need to ask the waiter to bring new ones.

In terms of alcohol consumption, Koreans have much in common with Russians: they drink a lot at the Korean table; you can’t refuse to drink (this can offend the pourer and the owner of the table); you can’t pour for yourself (this is also considered an insult to the owner - he will not be able to express his respect to you), etc. You need to drink, holding a glass in your right hand.

Only the main course and alcoholic drinks are included in the restaurant bill, everything else (soups, salads, sauces) is free. The bill also includes service, so tipping is not required.

Shopping in South Korea

Tourists visiting South Korea cannot help but pay attention to shopping. The best shopping opportunities open up in Seoul and other large cities: there are many large shopping centers, supermarkets, department stores, boutiques, shops, markets.

Large department stores are open daily 10:00 - 20:00, shops - 9:00 - 22:00, large supermarkets, shopping centers and markets - often around the clock and daily.

Especially convenient for tourists is that there are duty-free shops in Seoul and Busan (they are marked with tax free shopping signs). You can pay in foreign currency, and VAT in the amount of 10% on purchases in the amount of 30,000 won can be returned at the airport. The only caveat: to make purchases in such stores, you need to present your return ticket to the sellers. In addition, some types of selected and paid for goods (alcohol, perfumes, cigarettes) are not handed over to the buyer, but are carefully packed and transported to the airport exactly at the time of the flight.

From Korea, it is worth bringing, first of all, ginseng products, since the country is one of the world leaders in the cultivation and processing of this magical root. So, you can buy ginseng concentrate, ginseng root tincture, ginseng tea, cosmetics based on it.

Other traditional souvenirs from Korea are lacquerware decorated with mother-of-pearl inlay - boxes, powder boxes, business card holders; fine quality porcelain, ceramics, embroidery, macrame. Korean textiles and leather goods are also famous - outerwear, bags and haberdashery. Everyone is also familiar with Korean electronics, and, undoubtedly, it is worth buying in the country - everything, except for mobile phones that support standards that are incompatible with Russian ones. Collectors and lovers of ethnicity should pay attention to the traditional Korean hanbok costume, which can be bought in souvenir shops and markets.

Shopping in Seoul.

Communications in South Korea

You can make a call in South Korea, first of all, using pay phones, in many cities on the streets. The vending machines operate on special phone cards, according to credit cards or by coins. Phone cards can be bought in shops, shops, tobacco and newsstands, in hotels. Almost all public telephones can make calls to other countries.

To make a call from South Korea to Russia, you need to dial 001 (002 or 008) - 7 - area code - subscriber's phone number.

To call from Russia to Korea, you need to dial 8 - 10 - 82 (Korea code) - region code - subscriber number.

Codes of some Korean cities: Seoul - 02, Incheon - 032, Daejeon - 042, Busan - 051, Jeju - 064.

It should be remembered that GSM mobile phones do not work in South Korea. In this case, tourists may be advised to temporarily exchange their phones at the airport for local CDMA and IMT2000 models. The average cost of renting a Korean phone with your own phone left on bail is on average 3,000-4,000 won per day.

Useful phone numbers

There will be no problems with the Internet for tourists in Korea. Internet access points are everywhere. Back in 2010, in the ranking of countries in the world for the quality of Internet access (according to scientists from the University of Oviedo and Oxford University), South Korea took the honorable first place. Free wi-fi is available in all city centers, on the territory of large shopping centers, in hotels, cafes, restaurants, and in tourist areas.

Safety

South Korea is one of the safest Asian countries for tourism, but one should not forget about basic safety rules. Tourists are advised to leave cash and valuables in hotel safes, and keep a close eye on their personal belongings in crowded and touristy places.

Among some local traditions, tourists should remember the following:

• locals are not too fond of being photographed: before photographing them, you must definitely ask for permission;
• when entering a Korean temple and house, you need to take off your shoes, while socks must be on your feet;
• on the beaches of the country it is indecent to sunbathe topless.

Where to stay

Hotels

In South Korea, the following classification of hotels has been adopted: super-lux (corresponding to 5 *), deluxe (corresponding to 5 *), first class (corresponding to 4 *), second class (corresponding to 3 *) and third class (corresponding to 2 *). Prices for accommodation in hotels depend on the season and their location. On our site you can book a hotel in korea

Hostels and guest houses

In South Korea, you can also find guest houses, which are an inexpensive accommodation option. Most guest houses have been rebuilt from ordinary residential apartments, so a shared bathroom is most often offered for several rooms. They are located, as a rule, in the center of cities and near tourist attractions. The price of staying in them for one night is about 15,000-40,000 won.

Apartments and condominiums

Condominiums are ordinary apartments, self-catering apartments located in large complexes with swimming pools, laundries, restaurants. Condominiums are most often located at ski resorts, near national parks and beach resorts. The cost of living in a condominium depends on the season, length of stay, level of service, and is approximately 30,000 - 100,000 won per night. On our website you can rent an apartment in South Korea, it can be convenient for some categories of tourists - families with several children who prefer to cook for themselves and so on.

Residence

Another type of residence in Korea is a residence. This type of housing is most suitable for foreigners who arrived in the country on a working visit, because it is a room for living and working at the same time, having a kitchen and an office. Residence complexes usually have Gym, laundry, lounges and conference rooms, restaurants, cafes, etc.

South Korea from tourism receives an income equal to 5.1% of total GDP (2016 data). Natural (landscape) tourism in South Korea, which is directly related to the climatic features of the country, in terms of popularity overlaps even such common types as cultural, historical and urban tourism. South Korea is characterized by the fact that more than 65% of its territory is occupied by mountainous reliefs.

Formation of the South Korean climate

Along with the geographical position of the country, this is the second main climate-forming factor in the Republic of Korea. The Koreans themselves actively use the specifics of their landscape, creating a large number of ski resorts across the country, as well as a recreational area on eastern outskirts East Korean mountain range. The weather in South Korea is determined by 2 monsoons:

1. Asian monsoon. Provides the arrival of cold (in winter) and hot (in summer) dry air masses from the side Eastern Siberia, i.e. is, in a way, a buffer between the temperate monsoonal climate of South Korea and the continental Siberian climate.
2. Pacific monsoon. The main activity is observed only in summer period(June-September). Drives warm moist air from the subtropical and tropical oceanic zones. Due to this flow, the southeast and south coasts, including Jeju Island, are in the subtropical monsoon climate zone.

Climatic zones on the administrative map of the country

The ratio between the temperate monsoon climate and the subtropical monsoon climate is geographically approximately 80% and 20%, respectively. Brief climatic characteristics according to the geographical and administrative division of the country:

1. Northwest region: Incheon and Seoul cities, Gyeonggi Province. The territory is almost entirely represented by flat terrain. Here the influence of the subtropics is insignificant. The climate is moderately monsoonal. It is softened by the Yellow Sea and the Manchurian-Korean mountain range (located to the north, outside the country). The average January temperature here drops to -4 degrees Celsius, and average temperature August +25 degrees Celsius. The absolute temperature minimum is fixed at -25 degrees Celsius.

Winter lasts somewhere from mid-November to mid-March, and summer - from early June to the last decade of September. In general, the climate is in many ways similar to the climate of central Russia, only taking into account the monsoons. Departing to the northwest of South Korea in winter period, one must be prepared for dry frosts of the order of 10 degrees below zero. In summer - to heat up to +30, interspersed with frequent, but short-term thunderstorms. Due to the monsoon type of climate, most of the annual precipitation falls in summer (approximately 800 mm out of 1000 mm).

2. Northeast region: province of Gangwon. The northeast would be climatically 100% similar to the northwest, given that there is also the influence of the sea (Japanese). But unlike the neighboring region, Gangwon-do is represented by both plains (coastal zone) and mountainous terrain (central regions). The mountain ranges are part of the East Korean Mountains, which stretch for 600 km from the extreme northeast (the border of the DPRK) to Pohang. The peculiarity of the mountain zones is that the summer here is drier and shorter (about one month) than in the lowlands. The summer period lasts somewhere from mid-June to early September.

It is extremely important to be aware of large temperature fluctuations. In the mountains, they can reach 15 degrees Celsius. So, at the end of May, in sunny weather, the mountain air of Gangwon-do can warm up to +20, and by early morning it can cool down to +5 degrees. If you are planning a mountain trip with an overnight stay, be sure to grab warm clothes. Even if at the time of the exit you feel comfortable in a T-shirt and shorts. The average winter temperature in this province is -5.5 degrees Celsius. In January, frosts down to -30 are possible in the mountains.

3. Central region: Chungcheongbuk-do province, Daejeon city. Eastern region: Gyeongsangbuk-do province, Daegu city. The territory of these administrative entities is also mountainous. On the plains, the climate is moderately monsoonal. It is on the flat terrain that most of the settlements are located. Ski resorts exist in climatic conditions like mountains in Gangwon-do.

4. Western region: Chungcheongnam-do Province. Also moderately monsoonal type of climate.

5. Southwest region: Jeolla-buk-do, Jeolla-nam-do, Gwangju city. Southeast region: Gyeongsangnam-do province, Busan and Ulsan cities. South: Jeju Island. These regions are dominated by a subtropical monsoon climate type. And Jeju Island is actually on the border subtropical zone. Because of this, the temperature here, even in winter, rarely drops below a couple of degrees of frost, and on Jeju, the temperature is almost always above zero. But in autumn and winter it is really possible to catch a cold due to strong winds.

In the south of the country, the amount of annual precipitation doubles (up to 2200 mm per year). The main part falls in the summer. It is important for tourists to know that typhoons occur on the southeast coast and in the central regions from mid-July to mid-August, as well as from mid-September to mid-October. However, to predict the frequency and exact time of occurrence of these weather phenomena almost impossible.

Climate and weather patterns in cities

If you have a tour of South Korea, it would be nice to briefly get acquainted with the main settlements of the country. All cities in Korea are the product of the urbanization of the last 50 years. Those. here you will not find something similar to the old European cities that remember the times of the Holy Inquisition. All the “gray-haired” sights of South Korea are represented by separate temples, chapels and palaces. Almost everywhere, city life is adorned with informal contemporary urban art – graffiti, statues made from consumables and just rubbish, installations, and so on.

These works of famous and unknown masters have become a special attraction over the past 15 years. It is useful to know that international-class plastic bank cards in the Republic of Korea are accepted only in two chains of minimarkets - 7eleven and CU. Therefore, it is better to exchange a sufficient amount of dollars for won in advance. And one more thing - if a snowfall occurs in a South Korean city, which is so familiar to us Russians, then it is better to go for a walk on foot. For Koreans, even a small layer of snow is a small-scale natural disaster that can provoke a kilometer-long traffic jam.

Seoul

Well, the capital, it is the capital. Climate moderate monsoon . The average January temperature is -6 degrees Celsius. Mild winter is shorter than the calendar one. In fact, it lasts from about mid-December to mid-February. But because of the flat territory, cold winds from the tundra zone can sometimes come unhindered to winter Seoul, lowering the temperature to -15. Astrakhan is located at a latitude close to Seoul (Astrakhan 46 degrees, Seoul 37 degrees).

Summer temperatures in these cities are approximately the same (average August +25, during the whole summer it can reach +37). However, the Seoul heat is much more difficult to bear due to the higher humidity, which reduces sweat evaporation from the skin. which reduces cooling. Therefore, in summer Seoul, Panama, cool drinks, and most importantly, any means to create air currents (fans, fans, etc.) are recommended. But in general, the humid heat of Seoul is nothing compared to those “saunas” that sometimes happen in the southern cities of the country.

Monsoonal thunderstorms and typhoons turn out to be a natural means of cooling, during which up to 250 mm of precipitation can fall at a time. But typhoons rarely reach Seoul. The beaches of the capital are quite modest compared to the same Busan. The most famous is the beach on the Hangang River. With the end of summer, the Pacific monsoon is replaced by the Asian monsoon blowing from the continent. Seoul is the city of esports. Real Olympics are held here among gamers of any class and gaming preferences. And in Seoul there is a huge number of objects of urbanization art. What is only a four-meter statue of either a dragon or a lion made of crumpled plastic bottles.

Busan

Here you should go exclusively in the summer because of 6 gorgeous beaches. No wonder the city is called the summer capital. But also because Busan is next in size to Seoul. The city has 3.5 million inhabitants. The climate here subtropical monsoon , which provides a long, hot and humid summer (from mid-May to late September). Most precipitation falls in July and August - about 350 mm each month. The average temperature in August is +27 degrees Celsius.

There is no winter as such, given that the local population already considers zero degrees to be “severe cold”. To some extent, this is justified due to the fact that in the period from December to February there is almost never a calm. Toward autumn, the typhoon season comes to the main seaport of South Korea, but their strength and number vary markedly from year to year. The paradox is that in terms of the ratio of air temperature and weather conditions, the best time in Busan is October and November.

But for lovers of surfing, diving, swimming and just a beach holiday, it is better to come early - in August. When the water temperature reaches its maximum Sea of ​​Japan and Korea Strait, i.e. up to +27 degrees. In small bays and gulfs, the water in summer can warm up to +33 degrees. Busan for Russian tourists has a special status also due to the Russian-speaking area called ... Texas! Located near Busan subway station.

This small port was first founded by the Americans (hence the name), but then it became a favorite vacation spot for Russian sailors. Some did not return back to the USSR, but remained to live here forever. Back in Busan in 2003, the longest in the world (7 km!), Gwannan double-story bridge, thrown from one side of the bay to the other, was put into operation. At night, the LED lighting of this bridge works wonders.

andon

It is similar to Seoul in that it also stands on a flat area. Climatically it is also almost identical to Seoul. Andong is slightly warmer and the humidity is higher. But geographers and meteorologists still regard Andong's climate as moderately monsoonal. Andong is famous as the national cultural center of South Korea. Many tourists buy famous Andon masks as souvenirs.

Jeju

Although not a city, this island deserves special mention. It's called the "Korean Hawaii" for a reason. The climate here is almost tropical. In short, Jeju is: black rocks made of volcanic tuff; Azure sea; very long, very hot and very humid summers; windy "winter" without snow; the highest point of the country - Mount Hallasan (1950 meters); cave systems with complexity up to the 3rd category (note to speleologists); favorite place for honeymoon among Koreans (and not only); and much more.

Mountains - the "face" of South Korean nature

Despite the diversity of cities, the most interesting things in the Republic of Korea are mountains, mountain parks and ski resorts. If you haven't been to the mountains there, you can say you haven't been to South Korea. The East Korean mountains form one of the main massifs on the territory of the state. One of the highest Korean peaks belongs to this ridge - Mount Chirisan (1915 meters). In the north, in Gangwon-do, a moderately monsoonal climate type dominates in the mountains, and to the south, in Gyeongsangbuk-do, a subtropical monsoonal type prevails. The mountains of the northern half are covered with coniferous and broad-leaved deciduous forests, and southern mountains- forests from evergreen trees. Holidays in the Korean mountains can be divided into three types:

1. Hiking. The local peaks are not of the highest difficulty. In summer, the snow on the peaks and slopes melts. The mountainous area is equipped with numerous hiking trails - with ladders, steps and railings. However, shoes for mountain walks should still be appropriate - a sneaker type with a spiked sole for high grip. If it rains, the paths are very slippery. And it is recommended to walk during the day, since the mountain parks of South Korea are poorly equipped with night illumination.

National Mining Seoraksan Park is located in the extreme northeast of Gangwon-do and occupies 398 sq. km. Soroksan is 30 peaks and fifty hiking routes (the passage of some takes an hour, others - a day). Soroxan is beautiful place provinces. Entrance 3 dollars. The park has excellent infrastructure. At any time of the year, before a walk, you must put on or take warm clothes (insulated sweatpants, sweater, jacket, sports hat, scarf, gloves) on the road. As already mentioned, in the mountains, temperature differences are significant. And without warming at night and early in the morning, you can literally freeze.

Odaesan National Reserve , which transforms into a ski resort in winter. The entrance is free. There are 5 peaks. The most dangerous, but also the most fascinating route leads to the East (Japanese) Sea through the rocky massifs. It is also permissible to enter Kayasan Park for free. And it is better to do it in spring and autumn. In the first case, you will enjoy a fantastic picture of universal flowering. In the second - no less fantastic picture of the general withering. On Jeju Island, Hallasan Park, named after the country's highest peak of the same name. It is best to come here in May and June, when the mountain is painted with pink azalea flowers. To climb all of the listed peaks, only minimal physical condition and comfortable shoes are required. No climbing equipment is required.

2. But lovers extreme recreation also something to try. The East Korean mountains are full of nameless rocks and small sheer peaks, where you can climb only with the help of cables, "cats", jumar and other good things.

3 . Finally, the main feature - ski resorts. Majority national parks in winter they become grounds for lovers of high-speed skiing. Although among the ski slopes there are all sorts of difficulty levels - for both beginners and pros. And not just for skiers. Yongpyeong Resort is a regular destination for snowboarders. Hongdae Song-gu is known for its variety of ski routes. Temyun Vivaldi Park attracts those who like to ski down at high speed (descent angle 28 degrees). Part national park Togyusan includes the resort of Muju, whose signature feature is the famous "Silk Road" - a ski track for 6 km 200 meters. Finally, the Korean Alps. This resort is located in the far north of the country, which leads to maximum amount snow for this climate zone and a long winter (the season here closes in mid-March).

Weather in South Korea by months

In South Korea, the 4 seasons are clearly defined. Regardless of climatic features individual regions. WITH March Above zero temperature is stable almost throughout the country, including at night. In Seoul, by noon, the thermometer reaches +10, and in the early morning it is at zero. The same is true in the west and east of the country. It is warmer in Busan: +15 during the day, +3 at night. March is characterized by unexpected showers. This is the transition from dry winter to wet summer.

And in March, “yellow fog” may appear for 2-3 days. Tourists should be aware that this is sandy dust brought by air masses from the Gobi Desert. It's okay, but it's better not to walk during the "yellow fog" unless necessary. Or at least wear a respirator. Real spring starts at the end of March. This is the highest insolation period, when South Korea receives the most ultraviolet and solar radiation.

At first April across the country comes the time of flowering, lasting on Jeju Island right up to mid-June. The island is especially famous for its blooming rapeseed. However, other plants also bloom in the regions: cherry, plum, rhododendron, etc. IN April and May during the day, people in Seoul, not to mention the more southern cities, walk around in light sweaters, sweaters, even t-shirts and shirts. Despite the heat, summer in these parts is best spent in July-August-September. Because in May the water has not yet warmed up, and in June monsoon rains come to the southern half of the country. And the holiday season officially starts in July.

True, you can get into the "window", i.e. the first couple of weeks of June. At this time, clear weather still prevails, it is hot (in Seoul during the day up to +27), and the water temperature on the coasts is already +24 degrees. But the next two weeks will be such that you will have to change your beach kit for a raincoat and waterproof shoes. July and August- as they say, summer, sun, sea, beach ... and numerous, but short thunderstorms. Thanks to these thunderstorms, more than half of the annual precipitation falls in two summer months.

Particularly rich in thunderstorms July. In August, “inferno” reigns, from which everyone tries to escape with drinking, ice, fans and air conditioners. Typical daytime temperatures in Seoul, Busan, Andong and other cities: +28, +30, +32 degrees Celsius. The first half of September is good because it is still warm (air and water maintain a temperature of +24 degrees), but the heavy humidity is already receding. The dry period of continental winds begins.

With the last decade September autumn is knocking on the country, and the amount of precipitation is sharply reduced. This is the first period when it is best to go to the mountains. The rampage there autumn colors will not leave anyone indifferent. The second period is winter. WITH December to the turn February-March opens ski season. Recently, the average temperature in January has slightly risen, but still stays around -1 degrees Celsius.

Temperature fluctuations in winter occur even on flat terrain. So, in Busan in January, it can be +7 degrees during the day, and -5 degrees at night. In Seoul, the temperature is zero during the day, and at night it gets cold to -10. All because of the dry cold wind from the continent. It is good only for walruses to enter the water in January, since its temperature does not exceed 4 degrees above zero.

Daehanminguk (South Korea) is waiting for you!

Weather in cities and resorts by months

Seoul

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	sen	Oct	But I	Dec
Average maximum, °C	2	5	10	18	23	27	29	30	26	20	12	4
Average minimum, °C	-6	-3	2	8	13	18	22	22	17	10	3	-3

The climatic conditions of a country are determined by its topography, as well as its location. South Korea falls under the influence of the Central Asian temperate climate. Such climatic type characterized by monsoons, dry air in winter and wet weather in summer months.

The climate of South Korea and its characteristics

The seasons in the republic smoothly and slowly replace each other. All seasons are clearly expressed and do not present special surprises to the inhabitants of the country.

The mountainous regions of the state are marked by a more severe climate than the flat part of the land. In summer, the air in the mountains warms up to 27 degrees Celsius, at night even in July the temperature can be only 13 degrees Celsius.

Winter in South Korea often passes under the influence of zero temperatures. At night, frosts up to 10 degrees below zero occur.

The amount of precipitation falling per year in South Korean territories reaches 2000 mm.

The rainiest days are in summer. At the same time, monsoons come from the coast to the plains of the country.

Winter in South Korea (December, January, February)

South Korea in December pleases with sunny days and temperature regime within 10 degrees. In the north, already in December days, there are significant temperature drops.

In January, South Korea suffers from winds, but the air in the south of the country is still heated above zero. But the northern regions are subject to frosts down to -8 degrees during the day.

February is famous in the republic big amount sunny days. At the end of the month, the presence of the coming spring is felt in the air.

Spring in South Korea (March, April, May)

The sea on the southern coast of the country already in March heats up to 13 degrees. During the day it is also quite warm, but in all areas daytime temperatures do not exceed 15 degrees.

April is best time to visit the country for sightseeing purposes. During this period, it is warm and sunny in Korea, numerous gardens are blooming.

May is full spring. Hot and dry time contributes to warming up the air up to 25 degrees.

Summer in South Korea (June, July, August)

In June, the swimming season opens on the beaches of the republic. The sea heats up to 20 degrees, and the air to 27.

Korean July is famous for its heavy rains. Precipitation falls literally every other day, strong gusts of wind often occur.

August can be described as the rainiest month of the year. It is in August that up to 400 mm of precipitation falls.

Autumn in South Korea (September, October, November)

By September, the amount of precipitation in the state decreases, and the speed of the frequent wind also decreases. Daytime temperatures are kept around the mark of 15-18 degrees Celsius.

October again marks a dry period with sharp differences in day and night temperatures.

In November, in the north of the country, only 12 degrees Celsius during the day. At night, the temperature approaches zero, but does not fall below this mark. Humidity reaches 71%, and the sea cools down to 12-14 degrees.

It is a country located in the south of the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. Since the country is located on a peninsula, it has only one land border (with North Korea (DPRK)), along which there is a demilitarized zone.

Almost all of South Korea is surrounded by water, the coastline stretches for 2,413 kilometers. From the south side, the country is washed by the South China Sea, from the western side by the Yellow Sea, from the eastern side by the Sea of ​​Japan.

The total area of ​​South Korea is 98,480 km2, of which water resources 290 km 2 is occupied.

The peninsula stretches in the eastern part of Asia for about 1000 kilometers from north to south. There are more than 3.5 thousand islands around the peninsula, most of which are uninhabited.

The northern part of the peninsula is formed by the Tumangan and Yalujiang rivers, which separate the country from the northeastern Chinese provinces.

Most of the peninsula is covered with mountains. The highest point in South Korea is the Hallasan volcano (1950 meters), located on Jeju Island.

The longest river in the country is the Naktong River, reaching a length of 521 kilometers. Others major rivers South Korea are Hangang (514 kilometers), Geumgang (401 kilometers), Imjdingan, Bukhangan and Somjingang. The rivers are quite shallow, the water level in them depends mainly on seasonal changes.

Vegetation in South Korea due to the mild climate is very diverse. In the mountainous regions of the country, oak and broadleaf forests- hornbeam, oak, birch, linden and others are common. Ginseng is widespread in foothill areas. Dense pine forests can be found along the lower mountain belt.

Climate

South Korea has a monsoon temperate climate type. Each season in the country has its own characteristic bright features. Every season here passes smoothly, changing one after another. Air masses moving from Asia have a special influence on the climate.

Winter in the country is relatively dry, long and cold, summer is humid, short and hot. Spring and autumn are the most pleasant times of the year.

The temperature in the northwestern part of South Korea in January averages -2 ... -5 °С, in July - +23 ... +26 °С.

Winter on Jeju Island, unlike other areas, is the mildest. The average temperature in January is +1…+3 °С, in July up to +25 °С.

On average, more than 100 centimeters fall annually in the country. In drier years, the mark drops to 75 centimeters. The largest number rainfall - the rainy season - falls between June and September.

South Korea, unlike Japan, Philippines, Taiwan and East Coast China, is less affected by typhoons. Every year, up to three typhoons pass over the country, causing floods.

Big cities South Korea: Daegu, Busan, Incheon, Daejeon, Gwangju.

Known ski resorts South Korea: Hyundai Songgu, Yangji Pine, Yeonpyeong, Phoenix Park, Alps, Muju, Ganchor, Taemyun Vivaldi Park.