Summary of the lesson "making a notebook with a cover on the spring." Automated in-line production of publications in covers Description of the manufacturing technology of the notebook cover material
Operational equipment is usually used for the production of publications in small or medium runs. The production of publications in large quantities is carried out on production lines. Their organization can be achieved as a result of the following conditions:
1. the entire technical process is divided into separate operations, each of which is assigned to a separate machine;
2. all equipment is located in a strict sequence of operations and connected by transport links, forming a production line;
3. all semi-finished products must be immediately transferred from one operation to another;
4. all equipment must be interconnected;
5. The lines must be equipped with automatic quality control devices.
Automatic lines have significant advantages in comparison with operational lines: cycle time and product processing time are reduced; productivity increases and the number of workers decreases, and the structure of their work also changes.
Production of tabbed editions
For the production of publications, completed with an insert, automated lines are widely used that perform a complex of stitching operations.
Insert-sewing-cutting units (VKSH) carry out the assembly of publications, sewing with wire stitch and trimming.
The production process of the publication is as follows: stacks of notebooks and covers are loaded into stores. During operation, each feeder separates the notebook from the stack, opens it and puts it on the conveyor. After picking, the publication is leveled and sewn with wire in the sewing section. Stitched editions are cut off in the cutting section and go to the acceptance. Max Speed work - up to 18 thousand cycles / h.
VKSh began to be equipped with many additional devices for:
- loading stores with feeders;
– acquisition of packs of finished publications;
– nesting applications;
– folding covers, etc.
Such units turn into complex automatic lines for the production of publications, from picking to packaging.
Abroad, various systems for mechanizing the acceptance of notebooks, their storage, transportation and entry into stores of feeders are produced. For example, one of the automatic systems collects pallets– large packs up to 40 kg, tie them with a wide propylene tape and put them on pallets for storage in storage.
Production of collections of publications
In automatic stitching lines for collated publications, only block binding is used. The method of notebook binding does not fit into the automatic line due to the varying productivity of sewing machines depending on the volume of blocks.
According to the method of binding, stitching lines can be divided into two main types:
1. Mechanized using wire stitching. Not widely used due to the intensive development of adhesive bonding of book blocks.
2. Automatic with glue binding. The adhesive bonding method is used with cutting the spine folds of notebooks and gluing the spine with hot glue or “cold glue” (PVA or dispersion). The use of hot glue simplifies the equipment and the technological process, but, in comparison with "cold glue", reduces strength and durability and increases the price. Depending on the technological capabilities, automatic lines can be divided into three groups:
A. The simplest and cheapest. The line consists of a collating machine and a glue binding machine with a device for covering the blocks with a cover. Here, the selection of the block, cutting of the spine folds and torsioning of the spine, application of glue and its drying and cooling are performed. Further operations are performed on operating equipment.
b. The lines consist of a picking machine (8–24 sections), a glue binding and covering machine, a three-sided trimming machine and a pick-up device.
V. They differ from the lines of the second group by the presence of devices for cutting twins(publications containing two copies in height), machines for packaging and strapping packs, as well as the presence of microprocessor technology.
Automatic printing and binding lines
The traditional scheme of production organization provides for printing in parts, and stitching processes - after the accumulation of the entire publication. This disrupts and slows down the process and requires a lot of space and physical labor. The use of automatic stitching lines does not reduce labor costs, but almost completely eliminates the disadvantages of the traditional organization of production.
Printing and stitching line (PBL)- a technological complex of equipment connected to an automatic line that prints all pages and all stitching operations. The production of book and magazine products at the PBL is the most productive, reduces the time for issuing a publication, reduces waste and labor costs.
PBL can be divided into two groups:
1. PBL for publications, completed with an insert. They are not mass-produced, but are necessary for the release of magazines in mass circulation. Each line is intended for publication of a constant volume and format.
2. PBL for publications, completed with a selection. On lines using this technology, it is possible to produce book blocks with glued endpapers for insertion into binding covers.
Currently, two types of PBL are known:
1. With constant mold carrier length. The printing forms are placed on the plate cylinders. Due to the limitation of the plate carrier, a certain number of pages can be printed at a time, but this is compensated by the large sizes of printing plates and plate cylinders.
2. With a variable length of the form carrier. Printing forms are fixed on a form carrier tape, which allows printing publications of various formats with a volume of 80–1152 pages of text or black and white images. However, this design is more expensive.
Current page: 15 (the book has a total of 23 pages) [accessible reading excerpt: 16 pages]
8th grade
I quarter
Introductory lesson
Learning objectives in 7th grade. The value of the printing industry in the economy and culture of the country. Integrated automation and mechanization of production. New materials in polygraphy. Production of raw materials and supplies for the printing industry.
Basic information about bookbinding processes
Theoretical information. Books and Brochure - Differences in technological process. Brochure production (equipment of sites and workshops). Elements of the book and equipment of the binding shop. Concepts flow process, step-by-step execution of work. General concept organization of printing production. Products manufactured by the printing industry, and the requirements for them.
Excursion. Printing house. Bookbinding shop.
Practical work. Familiarization with the table, which conditionally depicts the workshops and areas where the main binding and stitching processes are performed. Work with book model and table.
Manufacture of book models in solid and compound bindings
Products. Diary of observations. Office book. Cover for a tattered book.
Theoretical information. Semi-finished book (block and binding cover). Types of sewing with block threads. The purpose of the flyleaf in the binding. Block details. Appointment of captal. Calculation of the dimensions of the binding cover for the block. Binding cover details. Appointment of backlog, partings. Spacing template. Rules for safe work when cutting blocks on a paper cutting machine. Calculation of the dimensions of the binding cover according to the drawing and the split layout of the book.
Exercises. Calculation of the size of the binding cover according to the given block sizes. Collective preparation of a plan for future work.
Practical work. Folding sheets in a notebook. Attaching endpapers. Sewing with block threads. Block backing. Trimming on three sides of the block. Rounding of the spine of the block. Gluing captal and gluing the spine with a strip of paper. Manufacture of binding covers in composite and whole-fabric bindings. Inserting a block and crimping it in a press.
Cover finish
Theoretical information. Types of finishing of binding covers: (colourful and colorless). Foil stamping. Relief stamping (relief). Requirements for the quality of the finish of the binding cover. The device of the gilding press PZ-1. Temperature regime work depending on the type of cover material. The appointment of a cliché.
Skills. Orientation in the PZ-1 press device. Preparing the press for work. Definition of embossing types. Installation and preparation of cliches on the desktop.
Exercises. Preparing the press PZ-1 for work. Test embossing.
Practical work. Trial embossing on waste material. Embossing of the binding cover and its spines. Clean covers and spines with a cloth.
Screen album
Products. Album for postcards. Album for exhibition exhibits. Album for records.
Theoretical information. Purpose and details of the screen album. Design features. Accounting for the direction of fibers in cardboard, paper and technical fabric. Materials used to make an album-screen. Appointment of edging in binding. Horizontal and vertical arrangement of the wings in the album-screen.
Practical work. Selection of materials for landscape sheets, spines, edging, gluing and gluing the product, taking into account the direction of the fibers and the texture of the materials. Cutting album sheets, edging, paper for pasting and pasting album sheets. Assembling the screen with fabric strips. Stripe edging. Sticking of spines. Pasting the spines on both sides with paper. Cover sticker. Crimping in the press and drying the cover.
Independent work
Manufacture of a book model in cover No. 7 with an embossed finish on the cover. Analysis of the quality of work.
II quarter
Introductory lesson
Standard binding
Products. Bound book layouts #1–8. Diary of observations. Notebooks.
Theoretical information. Acquaintance with samples of standard bindings. Features for determining the type of binding (design features, properties and type of cover material). Technical characteristics of standard bindings. Binding order. Ways of connecting the block in different bindings. The use of straight and rounded spines in different bindings. The device of a paper cutting machine, a KN-1 cardboard chipper, a crimping press and safety rules for working on them.
Practical work. Block preparation in different ways of connection for bindings No. 1–3. Cut, gluing the cover to the block. Clipping bindings #1–3. Connecting the block to the cover (binding No. 2). Sewing with block threads for bindings No. 4–8. A selection of materials, cut details for each binding cover. Binding cover assembly. Block insert. Crimping in presses and block drying. Finishing covers in bindings No. 5, 7 and 8.
Bookbinding classification and their application
Theoretical information. Signs for the classification of the binding cover (design features - solid and compound, edged and with edges, cardboard properties - solid and flexible, types of materials - paper, fabric, cardboard). The use of binding covers of various numbers in the publication of books of educational, fiction and reference literature.
Exercise. Definition of details and design features binding cover of different models.
New printing materials
Theoretical information. Appointment of technical fabric. Types of technical fabric substitute (balacron, fiberglass, bumvinyl, reinforced paper).
Skills. Performing individual operations while working as a team. Selection of binding for a product of a certain volume and format. Binding design analysis.
Exercise. Determination of the type of fabric substitute according to the sample in the catalog.
Practical repetition
Types of work. Manufacture of notebooks in bindings of various designs. Book repair.
Independent work
Production of one of the types of standard binding. Written or oral response to the question of the classification of bookbinding covers. Work analysis.
3rd quarter
Introductory lesson
Fundamentals of the organization of modern printing production
Theoretical information. Setting up a printing house (workshops and sections). Operational division of labor (sections) in the bookbinding and folder shops. The main machines and machines for performing binding and stitching processes. Manufacturing technology of products at the base enterprise. Requirements for the quality of parts and the finished product. Rational techniques and methods of labor organization.
Skills. Reading the scheme of printing production. Orientation in the performance of binding operations by machine in production and in a school workshop. Determining the difference between a printed product and one made in a school workshop.
Practical work. Perform operations in the base production areas and in the school workshop.
Album on hinges for photos
Products. Albums for photos and stamps.
Theoretical information. General view on the organization of production for the production of white goods. Types of an album on hinges by design and purpose. Design features. Using a template for assembling the backstage on fabric tears.
Skill. Orientation according to the technical drawing. Analysis of the quality of work.
Exercises. Preparation and marking of the template for assembling the backstage on fabric laces. Assembling the backstage according to the template and by eye.
Practical work. Cutting cardboard into backstage with an allowance for cutting the block. Hinge cutting. Cutting tissue tears. Preparation of a template and its marking for assembling the backstage on fabric tears. Assembling the wings on fabric slits in pairs into a block. Laying and trimming the block on three sides. Gluing captal and gluing the spine. Manufacture of a binding cover taking into account the dimensions of the block. Binding cover trim. Inserting the block into the binding cover.
Practical repetition
Types of work. Production of classroom and exhibition albums of various designs by order of schools and organizations.
Independent work
Production of an album on hinges for photographs (20 wings each, 350 × 250 mm).
IV quarter
Introductory lesson
Organization of printing production4
Taking into account the specialization of the base enterprise.
Theoretical information. Organization of the site and workshop in the printing house. Manufacturing control. Placement of shops and their purpose. Equipment of shops and sites. Types of produced book and magazine products. Specialties in printing production. accrual wages in accordance with the production rate and product prices. Order form.
Folders of different designs and purposes
Products. Folder for papers with valves. address folder. Folder for sketches and drawings. Folder for magazines.
Theoretical information. Types of folders by design and purpose. Technological requirements for the manufacture of folders. General and specific operations for making folders. Details in different types folders.
Practical work. Cut cardboard sides, outer material, spacing template. Folder assembly. Manufacture and gluing of valves. Internal sticker. Folder finishing.
Briefcase folder
Theoretical information. Assignment of the briefcase folder detail. Appointment of a pocket with "fur", tongue and holders. Marking and insertion of the lock, tongue and holders. Purpose of paperback bound.
Exercises. Marking the base of the pocket with "fur". Cut fabric for "fur". Determination of the center of the folder by eye. Marking slots for holders and tongue and their manufacture.
Practical work. Cut details for the folder 5
You can make a portfolio folder with overhead locks.
Removing chamfers from cardboard sides. Folder assembly. Spine sticker. Fastening holders and tongue. Manufacture and gluing of valves. Making a pocket with "fur". Gluing a pocket with "fur". Pasting the inside of the folder.
Practical repetition
Types of work. Making a portfolio folder for a writing set. Making a box, case and folder for storing didactic material. Repair of visual aids.
Test
At the choice of the teacher, the execution of one of the types of standard binding.
Grade 9
I quarter
Introductory lesson
The objectives of the course of study in the 9th grade. The importance of training qualified personnel for the printing industry. concept polygraphy. branches of the printing industry. Cardboard factories and factories of white goods.
Technology of manual and machine folding, collection and connection of blocks
Products. Notebook modernized design. Puncture binding for a collection of magazines or documents. Cover for a tattered book.
Theoretical information. Folding methods (parallel, perpendicular and combined). Types of folding (manual and machine). Manual folding methods. Organization of the workplace for manual folding. Machine folding (knife and cassette). Types of flyleaf by design. The use of endpaper in various products. Sheet formats. Print sheets and layout of text (imposition). The order of folding the printed sheet, taking into account the signature. Block fastening methods (sewing and seamless, block and notebook). Accounting for marks on the spines of notebooks when sewing a book block. Types and methods of sewing a block with threads (manually and on a sewing machine). Purpose and device of a sewing machine. Rules for safe work on it.
Exercises. Colliding printed sheets. Folding printed sheets, taking into account the signature. (It is advisable to use printed sheets of the appendix to the journal "Polygraphy".)
Practical work. Folding sheets of plain and printed different ways. Production of different types of flyleaf. Connecting the block in different ways. Connection according to the signature of the notebooks in the book block. Trimming the block on three sides. Coloring of cuts. Block back design. Execution of binding covers of standard and non-standard designs. Inserting the block into the binding cover.
Production of cases and boxes for storing didactic material and documents
Products. Case 230 × 320 × 70 mm for storing documents and business folders. Cases for books, albums. Boxes of different designs for storing didactic material.
Theoretical information. Materials for cardboard work (manufacturing of cases and boxes). Calculation of case and box developments. Accounting for the direction of fibers in cardboard and paper in the manufacture of boxes and cases. Assembling the case on a blank.
Skill. Self-Fill technological maps on the product. Report on the quality of work performed.
Organization of product quality control
Theoretical information. Concepts quality and quantity of products. Responsibility of enterprises and each worker for the quality of their products. Requirements of standards for the quality of printing products. Uniform measures and methods of measurement. Indicators of quality and durability of printed products and forms of quality control. Organization of technical control at a printing company. Reward methods for high quality products.
Laboratory works. Pasting the case, taking into account the direction of the fibers of the material and its costs for solid and composite structures.
Practical work. Marking and cutting parts according to the drawing. Assembling the details of the case according to the template. Pasting and sticking of the product. Case finishing.
Practical repetition
Types of jobs. Repair of books from the school library. Weaving a selection of magazines in a puncture way. Fulfillment of a production order to assess the correctness of work planning, the selection of tools and materials, the ability to bind book and magazine products in the required way.
Independent work
Orientation according to drawing and sample. Making a notebook with a soft backing and a pocket and a clasp (tab and holder). Analysis of the quality of work.
II quarter
Introductory lesson
Making a notepad of various designs
Products. Softcover pocket notebook with a modernized design. Desktop notepads of different designs.
Theoretical information. The purpose of a notepad and its difference from a notebook. Features of the technology of manufacturing white goods. Types of notebook (pocket and desktop, flexible and hardcover, edged and edged, open and closed). Notebook desktop closed in cover with a soft substrate. Insertion of booklets in products of white goods. Finishing the notebook by hand on a PZ-1 gilding press. Types of finishes.
Exercises. Dissolution of sheets for "softness" in the cover of the notebook. Making a soft substrate from foam rubber or junk paper. Binding cover assembly. Finishing the binding cover with hatching using a float in a colorful and colorless way. Blind and relief stamping with polygraphic foil.
Practical work. Cutting reams of paper into blocks for a notebook. Sheet perforation. Stacking sheets. Spine sticker. Sewing a block in a stitch on a wire stitcher. Spine edging with fabric. Block cutting. Calculation and cutting of details on the binding cover. Removing bevels. Production of "softness". Cover assembly. Finishing. Inserting the block into the cover and crimping in presses.
Types of endpapers and their use in bindings
Products. Endpapers of various designs.
Theoretical information. Purpose and types of flyleaf. Characteristics of the endpaper (design, method of connection with notebooks, design). Requirements for materials used for the manufacture of flyleaf. The use of one or another type of endpaper, taking into account the method of fastening the block. Dissolution of sheets. Manufacture of pierced and sewn bookends with falses. Composite vykleyny endpaper with a false. Machines for gluing bookends in production.
Exercises. Cut the material on the flyleaf, taking into account the direction of the fibers and the density of the paper. Determination of the reasons for marriage. Dissolution of sheets in the manufacture of pierced and sewn endpapers with falses.
Practical work. Folding and making a simple glued endpaper. Fake preparation. Cutting paper for flyleaf. Dissolution. Lubrication of the endpaper with glue. Adhesive fabric fold. Lapping the false with a trowel. Crimping the flyleaf in a press and drying. Production of a composite endpaper with a false front. Cutting sheets of thick paper, folders. Gluing sheets to the false. Sealing with a cartridge and gluing the endpaper to the first and last notebooks. Identification of marriage in the manufacture of endpapers and ways to eliminate it.
Processing a book block for insertion into a binding cover
From Delia."Library" binding. book model. General notebook.
Theoretical information. Processing of the book block. Types of technological processing of the book block. Methods for gluing the spine of a book block manually and on a block-gluing machine in production. Requirements for glue for gluing the spine. Compression of roots in presses and drying. Evaluation of the quality of gluing, crimping and drying of the spine. Block trim quality for different bindings. Purpose and methods of painting trimmings. Block spine shape. The technology of rounding the spine and bending the folds (laminating) of the block. Gluing reinforcing parts to the spine of the book block (two captals, a paper strip or a strip of technical gauze).
Skill. Selection of the necessary material for work according to the sketch and sample.
Exercise. Rounding the spine of the block with a mallet and blocks to give the desired geometric shape.
Practical work. Repair of the book (parsing the block, repairing sheets and sewing using previously made endpapers. Gluing and drying. Trimming on three sides. Rounding the spine to give the desired geometric shape. Gluing reinforcing parts to the block).
Practical repetition
Types of work. Manufacture of binding covers for blocks made earlier. Insertion into block covers and crimping in a press.
Independent work
Production of a desktop notebook on the back wall with a cover in soft cover. Orientation according to the drawing and sample. Finishing the notebook with hatching on the foil with a heated tip of a knife or embossing the cover. Analysis of the quality of work.
3rd quarter
Introductory lesson
Information about the labor legislation.
Labor Code
Theoretical information. Basic rights and obligations of workers and employees. Employment contract. Termination of the employment contract. Transfer to another job. Suspension from work. Work time and rest time. Wage. Teen labor. Law on labor collective.
Manufacturing technology of covers and binding covers of nine types in accordance with GOST 22240-76
Products. Binding for documents or collections from magazines with block fastening. Nine standard binding covers for book models.
Theoretical information. Cover and binding cover as elements of the external design of the book. Types and application of standard covers and binding covers. Determination of the dimensions of the details of the cover and binding cover. Binding materials and requirements for them. Methods for cutting cardboard sides and cover material. Cutting cardboard into strips and sides. Backlog materials. Cut fabric for the spine. Manufacture of plastic binding cover. Causes of marriage and ways to eliminate it. Checking the quality of the finished cover.
Exercises. Comparison of bindings made according to the old and new GOST. Determining the causes of marriage in the binding cover and how to eliminate it.
Practical work. Calculation of the material for the cover and binding cover according to the size of the block. Cut details. Gluing covers in bindings No. 1–4. Gluing of edging material in binding No. 4. Cutting parts for binding No. 5. Production, insertion into the binding cover and crimping in block presses.
The technology of finishing the binding cover on a gilding press
Products. Bindings of various types.
Theoretical information. Binding cover finish (coloured and uncoloured). Embossing as a physical and chemical process. Stamping methods and schemes (blind, using printing foil). Stamps and matrices for various embossing methods. Types of foil for stamping. Stamping quality check. Equipment for manual gilding press PZ-1. Industrial gilding presses. Embossing modes depending on the cover material. Preparation of the gilding press for work. Safety precautions when working on a gilding press.
Exercises. Trial embossing on the PZ-1 press.
Practical work. Preparing the PZ-1 press for work, taking into account the embossing methods. Binding cover embossing using a blind method using printing foil and hot stamping.
Fire safety at work and in the school workshop
Theoretical information. Importance of compliance with fire safety rules. Possible reasons fires. Causes of fire in electrical installations and the power grid. Ensuring fire safety when performing cardboard and binding works. Fire safety on the territory of the enterprise and in the school workshop. Fire announcement. Rules of conduct in case of fire. Use of a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. evacuation of people and material assets in case of fire. First health care injured in a fire.
Technical regulation, qualification of the worker and wages at the printing company
Theoretical information. concept regulation of labor. Norms of time and production. The components of the operational time spent on the execution of a technological operation (main, auxiliary, maintenance of the workplace, rest). The main features of a worker's qualification (amount of theoretical and practical knowledge, skills and abilities). Tariff categories and qualification characteristics different professions. The dependence of the worker's wages on the tariff category (tariff coefficient, tariff rate). Various forms of remuneration. Brigade form of work and wages with it.
Album making
Products. Album on a rod for photos. Album on screws for photos. Album for stamps.
Theoretical information. Types of album by purpose and design. The main details of the album. Ways of fastening the album (with the help of a rod, fabric tears, lacing, wire spiral, screws). concept backstage. Types of binding cover for the album. Album materials. Technique for safe work when binding an album.
Practical work. Cut the material on the wings. Gasket lining with tracing paper. Binding the album block. Calculation and production of a binding cover. Inserting a block into the binding cover in albums of various designs. Album finishing. Production of a binding cover with a soft substrate on hinges and on screws for albums.
Types of gears in mechanical binding and stitching equipment
Theoretical information. Types of gears (belt, gear, crank). The use of cylindrical and oval parts in machines for processing bookbinding products.
Practical repetition
Type of work. Production of exhibition albums for schools and various organizations (productive work).
Independent work
Making an album on clasps for records. Analysis of the quality of work.
IV quarter
Introductory lesson
Mechanization and automation of bookbinding processes
Theoretical information. Mechanization and automation of binding and stitching processes in production. Manufacture of book and magazine, sheet and booklet products in large printing houses of the country. Mechanized and manual labor (productivity and quality). The use of manual presses in bookbinding, folder shops and areas. The use of manual processes in the production of miniature and facsimile publications. Machine tools with program control. Manual and mechanized packaging of book and magazine products. Types of pack formation. Marking, transportation and storage of finished publications. Mechanization and automation of the processes of completing, folding notebooks, cutting materials and trimming blocks, gluing captals and pieces of paper, making binding covers. Reducing the number of manual operations through the introduction of integrated mechanization and automation. The importance of increasing productivity and quality of labor, increasing output per unit of production space. Reducing the cost of manufactured products. Automatic and semi-automatic production lines.
Making a writing set in a portfolio folder
Products. Notebook. Notebook. Folder-brief with a lock.
Theoretical information. White and stationery. General idea about the organization and technology of manufacturing white goods. Types of a notebook and a notepad in a solid cover. Use of printing waste for the manufacture of notebooks. Handmade notebook and notepad making in a school workshop. Making a briefcase folder (cutting details, chamfering cardboard sides, making a soft substrate, assembling a folder with flaps in a full-fabric cover).
Skills. Drawing up technological maps and making sketches of product details.
Written report on the work done.
Practical work. Manufacture of notebooks and notepads with binding covers trimmed with printing foil stamping. Making a briefcase. Making a pocket with "fur" and gluing it to the folder. Finishing a portfolio folder. Folder sticker. Lock attachment. Filling the folder with a written set from notebooks.
Insulating and lubricating materials
Theoretical information. Types and application of heat-insulating material (mineral wool, tow, fibreboard, polystyrene foam). Waterproofing materials based on polymers, polyethylene film. Types and application of electrical insulating material. Plastics and mineral materials, types and use of lubricants. Lubricant properties.
Practical repetition
Types of work. Making a case for books and visual aids of various designs, a cassette case with piping, layouts different type book bindings, boxes, folders.
Test
Making a writing set in a cassette case.
- Bitrix24
- Google Services
- Vkontakte, Instagram
It would seem, is it reasonable to invest in paper in our turbulent digital age? Against the backdrop of the unfolding economic crisis, think about the aesthetics of the product and the "special quality"? reinvent bike notebook? Worried about the tactile sensations of buyers? Two St. Petersburg daredevils - Andy Martin and Elena Shvarova, co-owners of the BOOKOVSKY company - answered “yes” to all these questions. And this is what came out of it.
How it all began
Still, fate leads entrepreneurs to the starting point in winding ways. Could an 18-year-old student who chose the exciting path of a mechanical engineer know that he would not be an engineer or a mechanic, but be a graphic designer Andy Martin (a pseudonym that became a name), art director of a branding studio, and even the founder of his own brand fashion stationery? Hardly. And yet.
Andy Martin
Over the past 20 years, Andy Martin has worked in various design studios in Moscow and St. Petersburg, received several professional awards and even became a co-owner of a branding bureau.ODB. Why did he need all this BOOKOVSKY - it's hard to say in a nutshell.
“I have always had an interest in pencils and good paper. This feeling - contact with magic - comes from childhood, in any case - Soviet. I have been toying with the idea for a long time that a notebook is not just a notebook or diary, it can be part of a style, an identifier, an indicator of status. At some point, I decided: I need to either make my own notebooks, or get them out of my head.
In June 2014, Andy came up with the concept for the first notebook. After the prototype appeared, Elena Shvarova joined the business, eventually becoming a partner and co-owner of the company. She came up with the name BOOKOVSKY , Andy made the logo: "Then it was just hard to stop."
Elena Shvarova
There was another reason why BOOKOVSKY . For two decades, Andy has been branding, working with other people's products. “In the end, I wanted to look at the situation from the inside.”
Finally, theoretical training also played its role - Andy read the magazine The Secret of the Firm for several years, and he still has two boxes of magazines. This interest, in turn, was influenced by the book "Parkinson's Laws" (Cyril Parkinson - the author of satirical works on business, management and political science), read somehow in the 90s. But the story of the founder made an even greater impression on the aspiring entrepreneur. Starbucks : "I was just amazed at how tenaciously a person can achieve his goal." Elena experienced a similar effect from the book "To hell with everything, take it and do it" - the manifesto of the extravagant Richard Branson.
However, Andy adds, stories about other people's successes and interesting startups can add motivation to an entrepreneur, but they won't teach business tricks. When the owners BOOKOVSKY faced with a lack of understanding when and how to reduce or increase the cost, what are the pitfalls in contracts with large networks, etc. - Really valuable information they received from friends-entrepreneurs.
specific market
The idea to make a product, and not just sell it, arose from observations of Russian market notebooks. According to entrepreneurs, this market, on the one hand, is diverse, on the other hand, extremely conservative: a lot of the same type of goods from different manufacturers. Most of the offer on it is the office, produced on an industrial scale. Both international brands (Moleskine, Leuchtturm, Arwey) and Russian (InFolio) are active here. The niche of original products was almost completely occupied by hand-made: kraft, recycled paper, ribbon, etc.
“Such interesting serial production as Smythson, Midory, Field Notes no one produces in Russia. Our original “stationery” looks something like this: these are sheets of paper sewn together or even simply folded, wrapped in a sheet of leather and tied with an elastic band. This is hand-made without standards. We decided to show that a small brand can be of comparable quality to big brands. What can be an original product, but not hand-made in the usual sense.
The mass market involves large circulations, and, as a rule, Chinese assembly and printing is cheaper. Large players (as a rule, these are Moscow companies) take volumes, not ideas - the more versatile the model, the better it will sell. Just such products we see in most stationery stores. Original producers like to work more with bookstores, where entry is easier and competition is tougher.
“We did not have the task of “breaking” others, we wanted to offer the market an alternative, to make serial notebooks, but with a strong personality. A product that is not inferior in quality to large brands, and at the same time, not assembled on an industrial scale somewhere in China, but in small batches in St. Petersburg, where we ourselves could control the quality and the entire production process»
According to Elena, this niche cannot be called quiet: recently, the stationery market has been developing precisely due to new brands that produce notebooks, sketchbooks self made. However, although there are many players here, their products are very similar. There is no profile community of small manufacturers of stationery - every man for himself. There is active interaction with paper suppliers and printing houses - they are more interested in cooperation and exchange of ideas.
First steps
Entrepreneurs were going to conduct sales with the help of partners - by providing their products to retail and online stores in St. Petersburg and Moscow. The first four months were spent on the production of test samples: we calculated designs, made concepts, searched for the face of the product - so as not to get what is already on the market.
“I kept thinking: what do we want to do, for whom? Money cannot be the purpose of business. He must have an idea. If you want to make money, you have to make sense of the business.”
It would seem, who in our thoroughly digital age needs notebooks?
Initially, BOOKOVSKY products were positioned as notebooks for urban life - compact, convenient, which you want to carry with you, because they are part of the style. Who needs it? Students, journalists, business people. It is important for them that every detail matches the image.
“These are creative people for whom self-expression and aesthetics are important. Elena explains. - They don't care where they write or draw. The notebook itself inspires you. And here importance has paper quality.
“It's hard to explain,” adds Andy, “to understand the difference, you have to run your hand over the cover or try how a pencil writes on paper. In addition, m We consciously moved away from lined or checkered sheets in order to leave a blank sheet of space for a person and more opportunities for creativity. At the same time, there is a special lined insert in the notebook. A person can put it under the sheet and write smoothly. A trifle, but it's nice that they thought of you. These are also brand standards.
In choosing paper, Andy used his rich experience in dealing with printers. In addition, entrepreneurs stood out with non-standard sizes and proportions of notebooks - there were simply no such notebooks on the market. During testing, some types of paper were rejected for technical reasons - some were poorly scored (creasing is the extrusion of lines along which the sheet is then easily bent), while others had an edge that crumbled during cutting.
To please a demanding audience, it was necessary to take into account thousands of nuances. So, the sketchbook is intended primarily for drawing, so its sheets should be suitable for sketching with any material - pencil, ink, watercolor. In search of the optimal density, I had to try a lot of different papers. Entrepreneurs drew and watched so that the paper, for example, did not curl up when wet. They painted until they found what they needed.
Notepad is generally a nice way to keep the most important. Especially for kinesthetic aesthetes"
First sales
The production of BOOKOVSKY notebooks is fully concentrated in St. Petersburg. Andy makes all the models, prototypes, graphics himself. On Elena - ideology and communication with shops.
The first "official" series of notebooks BOOKOVSKY was released in the fall of 2014. It cost partners a thousand dollars - that's how much they cost paper, springs, wire, ordering covers from a printing house. However, the first sales happened even earlier - test samples from entrepreneurs were bought by acquaintances who told their friends about the brand, and they told their friends. This is how word of mouth worked. In November, a group was opened on VKontakte: here you could place an order. At that time, the assortment of Petersburgers included two models of notebooks and branded black pencils. Your online store then seemed like overkill.
And today Instagram and the group in In contact with» are the main channels for brand promotion. However, there are complaints about the effectiveness of the latter - so BOOKOVSKY are eyeing Facebook.
In the mentioned first batch there were only 100 pieces of two types of notebooks: City Notes and Coffee Notes. The first is a city notebook for notes, notes and sketches. A distinctive feature is the cover, made of a material that is pleasant to the touch (touch cover), which is wiped off over time and becomes even more pleasant. The cover shows a map of London - it's a trick: people want to take a notebook in their hands and look at the map, look for familiar names. Loose-leaf Coffee Notes are made on the principle of "notes on napkins" when you need to quickly write down your thoughts or leave a phone number for someone.
In January 2015 BOOKOVSKY decided to offer their notebooks to shops. The first was the book "Subscription Editions" - simply because they themselves liked it - for the atmosphere and good books. "Editions" took on the implementation of a trial batch - 10 notebooks of each model and 10 pencils. The party was sold in a month. The next delivery already included a new model of notebooks - a sketchbook on a spring.
Today, the company has about twenty such points of sale - mainly bookstores in the central part of the city, although notebooks of the St. Petersburg brand can also be found in stores fashion clothes, such as LUUK and Bolshoi.
Shopping
“Friends warned that it would not be easy to “stand on the shelf”. - says Elena, - When we went to negotiate in the first store, we were ready to refuse. In fact, 9 out of 10 stores willingly accept notebooks for sale. True, then, sometimes, there are difficulties with the control of payments. Well, there's probably no getting away from that."
According to the entrepreneurs, they were allowed into all the stores where BOOKOVSKY products are offered today without an entrance fee. Andy and Elena explain this approach by the profile of their activity: stationery and bookstores are not retail chains: if they like a product, they take it with interest. However, only on the terms of implementation, throwing their 50-100% on top. Nobody wants to take on additional risks.
For a year now, BOOKOVSKY has been eyeing Moscow, where the St. Petersburg brand is most interested in large stores, including chain stores. Alas, this means an extra charge of 150% and what is delicately called "not always comfortable payment conditions" - the same delays in payments. So while the conquest of the capital is postponed.
A few months ago, notepad makers began collaborating with illustrator Ekaterina Khozatskaya, who is running a project about St. Petersburg restaurants Between the bars Now they make notebooks with Catherine's illustrations on the cover. They work on pre-order, making notebooks with illustrations to choose from, and there are already more than 40 of them with images of various bars and cafes. Buy such notebooks, firstly, fans of the work of Mrs. Khozatskaya. And, secondly, BOOKOVSKY offer the establishments depicted in the illustrations to sell their products as promos in their bars.
“Our competitors now are those with whom we find ourselves next to each other on the shelves in stores. These are manufacturers of our rank - for example, Voodoo Book and Memorandum , and big brands like Moleskine. But we do not focus on them in production. We are closest in spirit to the American field notes . They are different, completely independent.”
FamilyBOOKOVSKY
Today the creators BOOKOVSKY offer customers six models of notebooks and sketchbooks. Two more will appear soon - a sketchbook and an A5 size notebook. A distinctive feature of all notebooks of the St. Petersburg brand are unlined sheets. There are three varieties in the assortment - on a spring (for drawing and sketches), on a paper clip (for notes and sketches), tear-off (for notes). In addition, there are branded pencils - their stiffness is best suited for paper used in notebooks. They are made of ebony, which means that when you sharpen a pencil, it is still black. The pencil complements the notebook, they are made in the same style.
The brand is based on three basic models.BOOKOVSKY City notes - This is a black notebook on a paper clip, with milky paper inside, 105x145 format. This is a notebook for every day, with an original cover that wears out like denim over time. BOOKOVSKY Cafe Notes - a narrow notebook for notes, tear-off with perforation, with a cover under the skin. Representative and looks like an accessory. BOOKOVSKY Sketchbook Travel is a square 20x20 cm album for sketches and illustrations.
“Now we are planning to issue a corporate diary. It will be undated and unlined. Not a "stationery" diary, but rather a partner for every day. For me, in this sense, the standard is a notebook. Smithson and their philosophy, the tradition of using the notebook as a travel companion. To paraphrase a phrase from a Guy Ritchie movie, if you got a Smithson at a meeting, you can immediately see: you are a well-mannered person, you have taste, and you can deal with. We also try to make such notebooks,” says Andy.
Manual assembly
All notepad models BOOKOVSKY standardized, that is, for each it is known in advance what kind of paper is used, what the cover will be, what sizes, etc. As a rule, everything starts with the purchase of the required amount of paper, then entrepreneurs order the cover separately from the printing house. After readiness, the assembly begins: the paper is cut, run, the inner sheets and the cover are fastened together, cut again. At the last stage, the corners of the notebook are rounded.
“In-house assembly, unlike printing, allows you to control the quality,” explains Andy. – Of course, we had to buy some devices (rounders, cutters, stitchers, stamps, presses, staplers), but we are even happy. It is difficult to implement some ideas in a printing house in general - for example, no one makes notebooks with loose-leaf sheets in the cover.
Per year production of notebooks BOOKOVSKY almost unchanged: they are assembled by hand in the workshop, which is part of the office. Sales and stock balances are maintained. By the way, at the time of assembly, the staff of the company grows to three people - there is an incoming assistant. Complex indoor units with perforations are outsourced.
Basically, Petersburgers use imported designer paper, most often from the German factory Gmund. There are not so many notebooks made of such materials on the market. In the mass market, simpler and cheaper paper is usually used.
“We buy paper from Bereg, Antalis and a little bit from Double V. The material is imported, so the prices are tied to the currency. If a year ago a sheet of colored paper 100x70cm cost about 200 rubles, now it is 400-500. We cannot choose cheaper paper - the tactile sensations from contact with the brand are very important to us. The paper we have chosen is part of the brand, the style by which our notebooks are recognized. Alas, designer paper is not produced in Russia. With tinted problems in general - it is not enough. Tinted paper is a special aesthetic, after this you don’t even want to look at an ordinary office paper. ”
ride out the storm
The margin, which manufacturers put into the selling price, is floating, depending on the model. They try to keep the cost of no more than two dollars - this is from 20 to 50% of the price of a notebook (the average price is 300 rubles). According to entrepreneurs, from 5 to 10 copies are sold at one point every month. Of course, the figures are modest. In addition, because of the crisis, profits declined - the price of paper rose, and St. Petersburg residents did not raise prices for notebooks. The logic is simple: we must ride out the storm.
“The office is not a matter of prime necessity, so now many people save on such pleasure,” Elena admits. “But as soon as the economic situation in the country improves, the demand for stylish stationery will begin to grow.”
The cost of notebooks is mainly formed by materials and printing costs. Decent investments were also required for the purchase of equipment. And although entrepreneurs managed without loans and external investments (and there were no people willing to invest), everything that they earn is now invested in development.
Lack of staff is a significant savings on wages. “We started the business together, and now we work like that. We develop models of notebooks ourselves, groups in in social networks we do it ourselves, negotiate with stores and keep records on our own. We are coping so far,” Elena sums up.
Business leaves partners time for other things. Both Andy and Elena continue to develop strategies and designs in the branding studio.
Work on mistakes
“I thought: let's make a cool product, and it will immediately be in demand by the consumer. Practice has shown that not everything is so simple, you still need to reach this consumer. Andy recalls. - For example, at first we hit corporate sales. It seemed to be more efficient. We still have a share of such orders, but now I am sure that the mass market is a much better way for our product. It is interesting for its diversity, gives freedom of maneuver. In corporate sales, as a rule, 1-2 models are in demand and only.
In addition, manufacturers are faced with a wary attitude of the audience towards the brand.
“A notepad made of good paper, assembled by hand, is not a cheap pleasure,” Elena admits. - Many do not yet understand what they are paying for. That is, people like individual models, and they would be happy to receive something from BOOKOVSKY , but they are not always ready to buy for themselves, they say - "expensive". In addition, the consumer is accustomed to the fact that if the brand is not mass-produced, then it is clearly hand-made - using craft, leather, ribbons and other things. People are just starting to get used to serial stationery, which is assembled by hand.”
“Now the main focus in sales is shifted to work with stores. Elena says. – There are plans to increase the number of points, to start cooperation with Moscow stores. We also made sure that you can’t do without your own online store - e then, first of all, the comfort of the consumer: there he can independently place an order and immediately pay in a convenient way for him. IN modern world everyone is used to it, so you have to match the level. We are currently in the process of launching an online store.
The stationery business, like any other, has its own specifics. Here you need not only to understand the materials. It is also necessary to guess the still unformed desires of the audience, constantly monitor the market, and not only the Russian one, get acquainted with the novelties and approaches of other manufacturers. You need to understand the nature of demand. It turned out that there is also a seasonality factor in the sales of representative "stationery", although it is not very pronounced. In souvenir shops, notebook sales peak at tourist season. In addition, students actively buy stationery before the start of the academic year, although there is no noticeable surge in demand in the high price segment.
The past year has taught Andy a lot: “Let's say that the peculiarity of our printing houses is that they always strive to simplify everything. Do what is best for them. If you need tinted paper of a certain grade, make sure that it is in the final print run that it is, and not a similar analogue. In the end, we now buy all the paper ourselves - it also comes out cheaper. ”
Another important conclusion that the owners made for themselves BOOKOVSKY You can't be a brand for everyone at the same time.
“We followed the market's lead - we released a whole series of “gift” notebooks with color covers, textured paper, and embossing. We spent a lot of time, but these notebooks were not very in demand. I have read many times that when a company, in addition to basic models, begins to produce some fashionable or seasonal positions, as a result, the understanding is blurred - who is it, for whom and for what. Of course, when you read about it, you think - I will not do this, but in the real market, mistakes are inevitable. You had to stay within your style."
"We saw, we saw, well done"
Promotion BOOKOVSKY built primarily through the internet. In this sense, groups in social networks work well. In addition, the company cooperates with the student marketing competition "Marketorium" - this is a direct contact with the target audience.
A full-fledged website with an online store will be launched very soon, where you can buy any model of notebooks and sketchbooks. Finally, stores are also a promotion channel where a person can look and touch (which is important) all the notebooks.
“Here you come to a new store to negotiate cooperation, and they say to you:“ we heard about you ”- it’s nice. In general, the shops themselves good tool for promotion: even if people don’t buy, they still see the brand and remember it”
Elena is sure BOOKOVSKY can be brought to the Western market - the style of the brand and the quality is fully consistent with the European level. In addition, there are thoughts of selling a franchise. So far, no one has offered to buy a business for St. Petersburg manufacturers of conceptual "stationery". Although there were pleasant reviews from major market players - they say, they saw and saw, well done.
Program.
Binding and cardboard business
under the program of special (correctional)
educational institutionVIIItype 5-9 classes,
collection number 2. - M .: Humanitarian publishing center VLADOS, 2000.
Moscow 2007
BINDING AND CARDBOARDING
Explanatory note
The training program is designed for professional organization students of auxiliary schools of the VIII type, especially those schoolchildren who, due to their psychophysical condition, cannot work with metal or wood, since this is associated with rather serious physical exertion and requires endurance to industrial noise.
When recruiting a labor group for training in bookbinding, the following should be taken into account:
interest and inclination of the student to various kinds of work of the named profile;
Features of the psychophysical and somatic state of the student;
the possibility of employment of the student near his place of residence;
Specialization of the enterprise where the graduate will be employed.
Observations of the work of students in manual labor lessons in the lower grades give the teacher grounds for appropriate conclusions, allow you to successfully organize the educational process, and contribute to the development of a differentiated approach to each student.
When organizing training, the teacher focuses on the requirements of those enterprises where graduates will be employed in the future.
The training includes theoretical and practical materials. Its task includes:
· Develop general labor skills and abilities and, on their basis, correct the psychophysical state of students.
· To teach schoolchildren to perform both manual and machine technological operations, first simple, then more complex.
Develop a clear understanding of professional terminology among students.
Develop students' speech based on their practical activities.
· To teach schoolchildren to plan their work, use technical and technological documentation (make sketches, read drawings and work on them).
· To develop in students sufficiently strong professional skills in handling materials, tools and machines, to teach self-control techniques for the correctness of the actions performed.
· To teach students the elementary calculation of material consumption.
Classes, if necessary, are associated with the disciplines studied in other lessons, due to which interdisciplinary connections are made. The teaching of general education disciplines, in turn, is carried out taking into account what students learn in labor training lessons. For example, in the Russian language lessons, the children repeat some professional terms, in the mathematics lessons they solve problems, calculating the consumption of materials and the number of parts required to complete the cardboard work, in the drafting lessons they read and draw up technical drawings and drawings, in the natural science lessons they get acquainted with the methods of extracting raw materials , going to the manufacture of bookbinding materials, in history lessons they study individual articles from labor legislation.
In addition, work on this program involves the connection of training with the specific conditions of the school and the capabilities of the base enterprise.
When teaching, the level of formation of professional skills among schoolchildren is constantly taken into account. It is conditionally possible to distinguish four stages of training in cartoning and bookbinding:
Skills. Making a sketch based on a product sample. Use of the sketch of a product in the course of work. Planning work in conversation with the teacher.
Practical repetition.
Types of work (according to the program of 5-6 classes). Making an Open Box, Document Storage Case, Flex Edge Notebook and Full Cloth Hardcover Notebook.
Repair of the book in one-notebook cover.
Products. Cover for a book or magazine from the school library, for a children's book of a brochure type.
Theoretical information. Brochure concept. Advantages and disadvantages of single-book binding as one of the types of book and brochure binding. Details of one-book binding (notebook, cover and staple). Techniques for sewing saddle on a wire stitcher when repairing in two staples of a brochure. The device and principle of operation of the wire sewing machine. Adjustment and preparation of the machine for work for sewing saddle stitch. The position of the machine's desktop when sewing saddle stitch. Rules for safe work when sewing on a wire stitcher. The technology of sealing book covers in a one-book binding using endpapers. The concepts of flexible - solid, composite - one-piece edged with edges. Types of material on the spine or cover.
Exercises. Making a flyleaf with a false. Determination of the right angle at a sheet of paper and cardboard: by a square, by tattooing, by eye. Setting the right angle when cutting cardboard on a cardboard chipper KN-1. Determining the direction of fibers in cardboard, paper and technical fabric when preparing parts for one-book binding. Techniques for cutting parts from various materials using scissors, a knife and a cardboard cutter.
Practical work. Sheet folding and stacking. Cover gluing. Saddle stitch in two staples. Sealing the covers of a one-page children's book and magazine. Cover section. Manufacture of cap endpapers with false. Cut cardboard sides. Binding cover assembly. Book cover sticker. Completion of a one-notebook block with a cap endpaper. Stitched with a stitched wire along the spine. Inserting the block into the binding cover. (Covers can be sealed in both edged and edged binding, as well as flexible or hardcover.)
Puncture binding.
Products. Bindings for an account book, a class magazine, a magazine or newspaper collection, a collection of accounting documents.
Theoretical information. The use of puncture and brochure binding. Fastening the details of the puncture binding, the use of a pierced flyleaf with a false. Stitching with wire when making pierced binding with a thickness of more than 15-20 mm. Drilling or piercing holes with an awl in a binding with a thickness of more than 15-20 mm. Connecting the block with harsh threads or braid. Sealing the spine before attaching the block. Features of the design of the binding cover of the perforated binding. Purpose of hinges. Cutting cardboard lagging equal to the thickness of the block. The order of assembling the binding cover for composite and all-fabric designs of puncture binding on hinges.
Exercises. Dissolution of sheets when making a pierced flyleaf with a false. Descent and gluing a fabric fold. The arrangement of elements by eye and along the ruler when assembling the binding cover (the distance between the hinges and the cardboard sides is 5 mm, between the hinges and the gap is 2.5 mm).
Practical work. Selection and preparation of materials for the block. Execution of a flyleaf with a stitched fabric fold in dissolution. Dissolution of sheets, taking into account the width of the hinge of the binding cover. Block backing. Sewing wire tuck foot block. (When the block thickness is more than 15-20 mm, holes are punctured.) Trimming the block from three sides. Manufacture of a binding cover in a single or compound binding (close the cardboard sides, cut off the hinges from them, close the cardboard lagging and material on the cover). Assembling the binding cover by eye, taking into account the location of the cardboard sides, hinges and lagging.
Independent work.
Production of a book in puncture binding. (The flyleaf is stitched with a false when sewing the block in-tuck.) Orientation according to the drawing. Analysis of the quality of work.
IIquarter
Introductory lesson.
Types of endpapers and their purpose in different bindings
Theoretical information. The concept of flyleaf. The purpose of the flyleaf in the binding. Types of endpapers by design (adhesive, sewn-on, sewn-in, sewn-on with a fold, cap, composite folded with a fold) and design (simple, color, decorative and thematic). Fake appointment.
Exercises. Determination of endpaper types on samples of bookbinding.
Practical work. A selection of paper and fabric for different types of flyleaf. Execution of different bookends. Execution of endpapers with falses (stitched, sewn and composite gluing).
Making blocks with different types of flyleaf.
Products. Notebook. General notebook. book model.
Theoretical information. Familiarization with different block designs and the use of endpapers in them. A selection of paper for endpapers. Technological process for the manufacture of endpapers of various types. The fundamental difference between brochures and book and magazine products. Technical requirements for the quality of book and magazine production. The use of new materials in the printing industry. Difference between single tetrad and multi tetrad block connections. Movable parts and binding areas. Specifications for the implementation of various connections of the block and book binding. The role of partings in the binding cover. The concept of dissolution.
Laboratory works. Comparison of block sewing methods using piercing and sew-on endpapers. Determination of the strength of endpapers with and without fabric false. Determination of the strength of the connection of the block with binding covers when using endpapers of different designs. Determination of the direction of the fibers of the false and endpaper paper when drawing up the dissolution. Lubrication with glue of certain parts of endpaper sheets.
Practical work. Sewing with the threads of a multi-tetrad block. Execution of the product with a composite gluing endpaper with a false. Block marking and trimming. Compliance with safety rules when handling a needle and stabbing instruments. Compliance with technological requirements when cutting a block and a product on a paper cutting machine.
Connection in book and brochure products.
Products. Children's book. Diary of observations. Notebooks in one-notebook and multi-notebook covers.
Theoretical information. Cover and binding cover. Designs of book and brochure connections. Technical requirements for the quality of the connection or the insertion of the block into the binding cover. The procedure and technology for manually inserting a book block and stitching covers with blocks on a wire stitching machine. The difference between the concepts of stitching and connecting a block with a binding cover.
Practical work. Manufacture of binding covers of various designs in flexible and hard covers and inserting blocks into them. Production of single-book binding. Single stitch stitching. Binding cover trim.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Making a notebook in soft cover with pads. Making pads for binding. Ammunition preparation. Binding cover assembly with filling of rounded corners. Connecting the block with the binding cover.
IIIquarter
Introductory lesson.
"Library" binding.
Products. Bindings for books from the school library.
Theoretical information. The difference between "library" binding and "book-magazine" binding. Types of damage to the book (external, internal) and determination of the degree of complexity of the repair. Assignment of signatures. Appointment of corners in a binding cover. Book repair.
Exercises. Determination of the type of damage to the book and the degree of complexity of the repair. Selection of the necessary tools for the job. Organization of the workplace for the repair of books.
Practical work. Separating the block from the binding cover. Analysis of the block in notebooks (printed sheets). Cleaning notebooks from glue. Bonding torn sheets with tracing paper. Manufacture of endpaper (adhesive or stitched with a false). Block sewing. Gluing the spine of the block and drying. Block cutting. Calculation of dimensions (by block) and production of a binding cover. Block insert. Pressing and drying.
address folder.
Theoretical information. Purpose and details of the address folder. Manufacturing technology of the address folder. Appointment of ribbon-lace in the address folder. Bevel assignment. Types of finishes for the address folder and requirements for materials for its manufacture. Address folder execution quality requirements.
Exercises. Dissolution of junk paper for the manufacture of "softness" binding. Stretching the edges when covering the material and filling the corners (straight and rounded).
Practical work. Cut cardboard sides from thick (3-5 mm) cardboard. Removing bevels. Cut out the spacing template. Cut fabric or substitutes for covering folders. Folder assembly with straight or rounded corners. Pasting the folder with gluing ribbon-lace. External and internal finishing of the folder. Crimping in presses and drying.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Strengthening the skills of self-repair of the book. A selection of materials and tools. Analysis of the block in notebooks, taking into account special notes - signatures. Calculation of the dimensions of the binding cover (taking into account the size of the book block).
Independent work.
Making an address folder. Orientation according to the drawing and sample. Analysis of the quality of work.
IVquarter
Introductory lesson.
Making an album for drawing and drawing.
Products. Album for sketching and drawing with a seamless glue connection in cut and flexible cover. Album on cords. Screw album.
Theoretical information. Types and details of an album for drawing and sketching. The materials used to make the album. Block connections. Cord assignment. Assignment of screws.
Practical work. Cutting whatman paper into a block with a trim allowance on three sides. Preparation of parts for the binding cover. Cover making. Album on cords. Cutting a ream of paper for a block. Punching holes in the block. Manufacture of a binding cover on hinges according to the given dimensions of a ream of paper. Punching holes in the hinges of the binding cover. Connecting the block to the binding cover with a cord.
Making an album for photos.
Products. Album on a rod for photos.
Theoretical information. Details of the album on the stem. Appointment and execution of the rod. Block sewing technology on the rod. Appointment of the scenes of the album.
Practical work. Folding album sheets. Scallop preparation (marking, rolling, folding). Production of composite endpapers. Sewing an album block and sealing its spine. Block cutting. Manufacture and finishing of binding cover. Block insert.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Block insertion and crimping in presses.
Test.
At the choice of the teacher.
8TH GRADE
Iquarter
Introductory lesson.
Learning objectives in 7th grade. The value of the printing industry in the economy and culture of the country. Integrated automation and mechanization of production. New materials in polygraphy. Production of raw materials and supplies for the printing industry.
Basic information about bookbindingprocesses.
Theoretical information. Books and brochure - differences in workflow. Brochure production (equipment of sites and workshops). Elements of the book and equipment of the binding shop. The concepts of flow process, operational execution of work. The general concept of the organization of printing production. Products manufactured by the printing industry and the requirements for them.
Excursion. Printing house. Bookbinding shop.
Practical work. Familiarization with the table, which conditionally depicts the workshops and areas where the main binding and stitching processes are performed. Work with book model and table.
Manufacture of book models in solid and compound bindings.
Products. Diary of observations. Office book. Cover for a tattered book.
Theoretical information. Semi-finished book (block and binding cover). Types of sewing with block threads. The purpose of the flyleaf in the binding. Block details. Appointment of captal. Calculation of the dimensions of the binding cover for the block. Binding cover details. Appointment of backlog, partings. Spacing template. Rules for safe work when cutting blocks on a paper cutting machine. Calculation of the dimensions of the binding cover according to the drawing and the split layout of the book.
Exercises. Calculation of the size of the binding cover according to the given block sizes. Collective preparation of a plan for future work.
Practical work. Folding sheets in a notebook. Attaching endpapers. Sewing with block threads. Block backing. Trimming on three sides of the block. Rounding of the spine of the block. Gluing captal and gluing the spine with a strip of paper. Manufacture of binding covers in composite and whole-fabric bindings. Inserting a block and crimping it in presses.
Binding cover trim.
Theoretical information. Types of finishing of binding covers: (colourful and colorless). Foil stamping. Relief stamping (relief). Requirements for the quality of the finish of the binding cover. The device of the gilding press PZ-1. Temperature mode of operation depending on the type of cover material. The appointment of a cliché.
Skills. Orientation in the PZ-1 press device. Preparing the press for work. Definition of embossing types. Installation and preparation of cliches on the desktop.
Exercises. Preparing the press PZ-1 for work. Test embossing.
Practical work. Trial embossing on waste material. Embossing of the binding cover and its spines. Clean covers and spines with a cloth.
Screen album.
Products. Album for postcards. Album for exhibition exhibits. Album for records.
Theoretical information. Purpose and details of the screen album. Design features. Accounting for the direction of fibers in cardboard, paper and technical fabric. Materials used to make an album-screen. Appointment of edging in binding. Horizontal and vertical arrangement of the wings in the album-screen.
Practical work. Selection of materials for landscape sheets, spines, edging, gluing and gluing the product, taking into account the direction of the fibers and the texture of the materials. Cutting album sheets, edging, paper for pasting and pasting album sheets. Assembling the screen with fabric strips. Stripe edging. Sticking of spines. Pasting the spines on both sides with paper. Cover sticker. Crimping in presses and drying of the cover.
Independent work.
Manufacture of a book model in cover No. 7 with an embossed finish on the cover. Analysis of the quality of work.
IIquarter
Introductory lesson.
Standard binding.
Products. Models of books in bindings No. 1-8. Diary of observations. Notebooks.
Theoretical information. Acquaintance with samples of standard bindings. Features for determining the type of binding (design features, properties and type of cover material). Technical characteristics of standard bindings. Binding order. Ways of connecting the block in different bindings. The use of straight and rounded spines in different bindings. The device of a paper cutting machine, a KN-1 cardboard chipper, a crimping press and safety rules for working on them.
Practical work. Block preparation in different ways of connection for bindings No. 1-3. Cut, gluing the cover to the block. Trimming bindings No. 1-3. Connecting the block to the cover (binding No. 2). Sewing with block threads for bindings No. 4-8. A selection of materials, cut details for each binding cover. Binding cover assembly. Block insert. Crimping in presses and block drying. Finishing covers in bindings No. 5, 7 and 8.
Bookbinding classificationcaps and their uses.
Theoretical information. Signs for the classification of the binding cover (design features - solid and compound, edged and with edges, cardboard properties - solid and flexible, types of materials - paper, fabric, cardboard). The use of binding covers of various numbers in the publication of books of educational, fiction and reference literature.
Exercises. Determination of the details and design features of the binding cover of different models.
New printing materials.
Theoretical information. Appointment of technical fabric. Types of technical fabric substitute (balacron, fiberglass, bumvinyl, reinforced paper).
Skills. Performing individual operations while working as a team. Selection of binding for a product of a certain volume and format. Binding design analysis.
Exercises. Determination of the type of fabric substitute according to the sample in the catalog.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Manufacture of notebooks in bindings of various designs. Book repair.
Independent work.
Production of one of the types of standard binding. Written or oral response to the question of the classification of bookbinding covers. Work analysis.
IIIquarter
Introductory lesson.
Fundamentals of the organization of modern printing production.
Theoretical information. Setting up a printing house (workshops and sections). Operational division of labor (sections) in the bookbinding and folder shops. The main machines and machines for performing binding and stitching processes. Manufacturing technology of products at the base enterprise. Requirements for the quality of parts and the finished product. Rational techniques and methods of labor organization.
Skills. Reading the scheme of printing production. Orientation in the performance of binding operations by machine in production and in a school workshop. Determining the difference between a printed product and one made in a school workshop.
Practical work. Perform operations in the base production areas and in the school workshop.
Album on hinges for photos.
Products. Albums for photos and stamps.
Theoretical information. General idea of the organization of production for the production of white goods. Types of an album on hinges by design and purpose. Design features. Using a template for assembling the backstage on fabric tears.
Skill. Orientation according to the technical drawing. Analysis of the quality of work.
Exercises. Preparation and marking of the template for assembling the backstage on fabric laces. Assembling the backstage according to the template and by eye.
Practical work. Cutting cardboard into backstage with an allowance for cutting the block. Hinge cutting. Cutting tissue tears. Preparation of a template and its marking for assembling the backstage on fabric tears. Assembling the wings on fabric slits in pairs into a block. Laying and trimming the block on three sides. Gluing captal and gluing the spine. Manufacture of a binding cover taking into account the dimensions of the block. Binding cover trim. Inserting the block into the binding cover.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Production of classroom and exhibition albums of various designs by order of schools and organizations.
Independent work.
Production of an album on hinges for photographs (20 wings each, 350x250 mm).
IVquarter
Introductory lesson.
Organization of printing production.
Theoretical information. Organization of the site and workshop in the printing house. Manufacturing control. Placement of shops and their purpose. Equipment of shops and sites. Types of produced book and magazine products. Specialties in printing production. Calculation of wages in accordance with the rate of production and product prices. Order form.
Folders of various designs and purposes.
Products. Folder for papers with valves. address folder. Folder for sketches and drawings. Folder for magazines.
Theoretical information. Types of folders by design and purpose. Technological requirements for the manufacture of folders. General and specific operations for making a folder. Details in different kinds of folder.
Practical work. Cut cardboard sides, outer material, spacing template. Folder assembly. Manufacture and gluing of valves. Internal sticker. Folder finishing.
Briefcase folder.
Theoretical information. Assignment of the briefcase folder detail. Appointment of a pocket with "fur", tongue and holders. Marking and insertion of the lock, tongue and holders. Purpose of paperback bound.
Exercises. Marking the base of the pocket with "fur". Cut fabric for "fur". Determination of the center of the folder by eye. Marking slots for holders and tongue and their manufacture.
Practical work. Cut details for the folder. Removing chamfers from cardboard sides. Folder assembly. Spine sticker. Fastening holders and tongue. Manufacture and gluing of valves. Making a pocket with "fur". Gluing a pocket with "fur". Pasting the inside of the folder.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Making a portfolio folder for a writing set. Making a box, case and folder for storing didactic material. Repair of visual aids.
Test.
At the choice of the teacher, the execution of one of the types of standard binding.
9 CLASS
Iquarter
Introductory lesson.
Organization of product quality control
Theoretical information. The concepts of quality and quantity of products. Responsibility of enterprises and each worker for the quality of their products. Requirements of standards for the quality of printing products. Uniform measures and methods of measurement. Indicators of quality and durability of printed products and forms of quality control. Organization of technical control at a printing company. Methods of encouragement for high quality products.
Laboratory works. Pasting the case, taking into account the direction of the fibers of the material and its costs for solid and composite structures.
Practical work. Marking and cutting parts according to the drawing. Assembling the details of the case according to the template. Pasting and sticking of the product. Case finishing.
Practical repetition.
Types of jobs. Repair of books from the school library. Weaving a selection of magazines in a puncture way. Fulfillment of a production order to assess the correctness of work planning, the selection of tools and materials, the ability to bind book and magazine products in the required way.
Independent work.
Orientation according to drawing and sample. Making a notebook with a soft backing and a pocket and a clasp (tab and holder). Analysis of the quality of work.
IIquarter
Introductory lesson.
Making a notepad of various designs.
Products. Softcover pocket notebook with a modernized design. Desktop notepads of different designs.
Theoretical information. The purpose of a notepad and its difference from a notebook. Features of the technology of manufacturing white goods. Types of notebook (pocket and desktop, flexible and hardcover, edged and edged, open and closed). Notebook desktop closed in cover with a soft substrate. Insertion of booklets in products of white goods. Finishing the notebook by hand on a PZ-1 gilding press. Types of finishes.
Exercises. Dissolution of sheets for "softness" in the cover of the notebook. Making a soft substrate from foam rubber or junk paper. Binding cover assembly. Finishing the binding cover with hatching using a float in a colorful and colorless way. Blind and relief stamping with polygraphic foil.
Practical work. Cutting reams of paper into blocks for a notebook. Sheet perforation. Stacking sheets. Spine sticker. Sewing a block in a stitch on a wire stitcher. Spine edging with fabric. Block cutting. Calculation and cutting of details on the binding cover. Removing bevels. Production of "softness". Cover assembly. Finishing. Inserting the block into the cover and crimping in presses.
Types of endpapers and their use in bindings.
Products. Endpapers of various designs.
Theoretical information. Purpose and types of flyleaf. Characteristics of the endpaper (design, method of connection with notebooks, design). Requirements for materials used for the manufacture of flyleaf. The use of one or another type of endpaper, taking into account the method of fastening the block. Dissolution of sheets. Manufacture of pierced and sewn bookends with falses. Composite vykleyny endpaper with a false. Machines for gluing bookends in production.
Exercises. Cut the material on the flyleaf, taking into account the direction of the fibers and the density of the paper. Determination of the reasons for marriage. Dissolution of sheets in the manufacture of pierced and sewn endpapers with falses.
Practical work. Folding and making a simple glued endpaper. Fake preparation. Cutting paper for flyleaf. Dissolution. Lubrication of the endpaper with glue. Adhesive fabric fold. Lapping the false with a trowel. Crimping endpaper in presses and drying. Production of a composite endpaper with a false front. Cutting sheets of thick paper, folders. Gluing sheets to the false. Sealing with a cartridge and gluing the endpaper to the first and last notebooks. Identification of marriage in the manufacture of endpapers and ways to eliminate it.
Book block processingfor insertion into the binding cover.
Products. "Library" binding. book model. General notebook.
Theoretical information. Processing of the book block. Types of technological processing of the book block. Methods for gluing the spine of a book block manually and on a block-gluing machine in production. Requirements for glue for gluing the spine. Compression of roots in presses and drying. Evaluation of the quality of gluing, crimping and drying of the spine. Block trim quality for different bindings. Purpose and methods of painting trimmings. Block spine shape. The technology of rounding the spine and bending the folds (laminating) of the block. Gluing reinforcing parts to the spine of the book block (two captals, a paper strip or a strip of technical gauze).
Skill. Selection of the necessary material for work according to the sketch and sample.
Exercises. Rounding the spine of the block with a mallet and blocks to give the desired geometric shape.
Practical work. Repair of the book (parsing the block, repairing sheets and sewing using previously made endpapers). Gluing and drying. Trim on three sides. Rounding the spine to give the desired geometric shape. Gluing to the block of reinforcing parts.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Manufacture of binding covers for blocks made earlier. Insertion into block covers and crimping in presses.
Independent work.
Production of a desktop notebook on the back wall with a cover in soft cover. Orientation according to the drawing and sample. Finishing the notebook with hatching on the foil with a heated tip of a knife or embossing the cover. Analysis of the quality of work.
IIIquarter
Introductory lesson.
Information about the labor legislation. Labor Code.
Theoretical information. Basic rights and obligations of workers and employees. Employment contract. Termination of the employment contract. Transfer to another job. Suspension from work. Working hours and rest time. Wage. Teen labor. Law on labor collective.
Manufacturing technology of covers and binding covers of nine types in accordance with GOST.
Products. Binding for documents or collections from magazines with block fastening. Nine standard binding covers for book models.
Theoretical information. Cover and binding cover as elements of the external design of the book. Types and application of standard covers and binding covers. Determination of the dimensions of the details of the cover and binding cover. Binding materials and requirements for them. Methods for cutting cardboard sides and cover material. Cutting cardboard into strips and sides. Backlog materials. Cut fabric for the spine. Manufacture of plastic binding cover. Causes of marriage and ways to eliminate it. Checking the quality of the finished cover.
Exercises. Comparison of bindings made according to the old and new GOST. Determining the causes of marriage in the binding cover and how to eliminate it.
Practical work. Calculation of the material for the cover and binding cover according to the size of the block. Cut details. Gluing covers in bindings No. 1-4. Gluing of edging material in binding No. 4. Cutting parts for binding No. 5. Production, insertion into the binding cover and crimping in block presses.
Binding finishing technologylids on a gilding press.
Products. Bindings of various types.
Theoretical information. Binding cover finish (coloured and uncoloured). Embossing as a physical and chemical process. Stamping methods and schemes (blind, using printing foil). Stamps and matrices for various embossing methods. Types of foil for stamping. Stamping quality check. Equipment for manual gilding press PZ-1. Industrial gilding presses. Embossing modes depending on the cover material. Preparation of the gilding press for work. Safety precautions when working on a gilding press.
Exercises. Trial embossing on the PZ-1 press.
Practical work. Preparing the PZ-1 press for work, taking into account the embossing methods. Binding cover embossing using a blind method using printing foil and hot stamping.
Fire safety at workand in the school workshop.
Theoretical information. Importance of compliance with fire safety rules. Possible causes of fires. Causes of fire in electrical installations and the power grid. Ensuring fire safety when performing cardboard and binding works. Fire safety on the territory of the enterprise and in the school workshop. Fire announcement. Rules of conduct in case of fire. Using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. Evacuation of people and property in case of fire. First aid to the injured in a fire.
Technical regulation, qualification of the worker and wages at the printing company
Theoretical information. The concept of labor regulation. Norms of time and production. The components of the operational time spent on the execution of a technological operation (main, auxiliary, maintenance of the workplace, rest). The main features of a worker's qualification (amount of theoretical and practical knowledge, skills and abilities). Tariff categories and qualification characteristics of various professions. The dependence of the worker's wages on the tariff category (tariff coefficient, tariff rate). Various forms of remuneration. Brigade form of work and wages with it.
Album production.
Products. Album on a rod for photos. Album on screws for photos. Album for stamps.
Theoretical information. Types of album by purpose and design. The main details of the album. Ways of fastening the album (with the help of a rod, fabric tears, lacing, wire spiral, screws). The concept of the backstage. Types of binding cover for the album. Album materials. Technique for safe work when binding an album.
Practical work. Cut the material on the wings. Gasket lining with tracing paper. Binding the album block. Calculation and production of a binding cover. Inserting a block into the binding cover in albums of various designs. Album finishing. Production of a binding cover with a soft substrate on hinges and on screws for albums.
Types of gears in mechanical binding and stitching equipment.
Theoretical information. Types of gears (belt, gear, crank). The use of cylindrical and oval parts in machines for processing bookbinding products.
Practical repetition.
Type of work. Production of exhibition albums for schools and various organizations (productive work).
Independent work.
Making an album on clasps for records. Analysis of the quality of work.
IVquarter
Introductory lesson.
Mechanization and automationbookbinding processes.
Theoretical information. Mechanization and automation of binding and stitching processes in production. Production of book and magazine, sheet and booklet products in large printing houses of the country. Mechanized and manual labor (productivity and quality). The use of manual presses in bookbinding and folder shops and areas. The use of manual processes in the production of miniature and facsimile publications. Machine tools with program control. Manual and mechanized packaging of book and magazine products. Types of pack formation. Marking, transportation and storage of finished publications. Mechanization and automation of the processes of completing, folding notebooks, cutting materials and trimming blocks, gluing captals and pieces of paper, making binding covers. Reducing the number of manual operations through the introduction of integrated mechanization and automation. The importance of increasing productivity and quality of labor, increasing output per unit of production space. Reducing the cost of manufactured products. Automatic and semi-automatic production lines.
Making a writing setin a briefcase.
Products. Notebook. Notebook. Folder-brief with a lock.
Theoretical information; White and stationery. General idea about the organization and technology of manufacturing white goods. Types of a notebook and a notepad in a solid cover. Use of printing waste for the manufacture of notebooks. Handmade notebook and notepad making in a school workshop. Making a briefcase folder (cutting details, chamfering cardboard sides, making a soft substrate, assembling a folder with flaps in a full-fabric cover).
Skills. Drawing up technological maps and making sketches of product details.
Written report on the work done.
Practical work. Manufacture of notebooks and notepads with binding covers trimmed with printing foil stamping. Making a briefcase. Making a pocket with "fur" and gluing it to the folder. Finishing a portfolio folder. Folder sticker. Lock attachment. Filling the folder with a written set from notebooks.
Insulating and lubricatingmaterials.
Theoretical information. Types and application of heat-insulating material (mineral wool, tow, fibreboard, polystyrene foam). Waterproofing materials based on polymers, polyethylene film. Types and application of electrical insulating material. Plastics and mineral materials, types and use of lubricants. Lubricant properties.
Practical repetition.
Types of work. Making a case for books and visual aids of various designs, a cassette case with piping, models of various types of book bindings, boxes, folders.
Test.
Making a writing set in a cassette case.
State Regional Budgetary Educational Institution
"Monchegorsk correctional school»
Making a notebook with a spring cover
teacher : Gromova Olga Borisovna
Job training profile:"Bookbinding".
Subject: Making a notebook with a spring cover.
Duration- 40 minutes.
Class: 7 - 9 grade set.
Lesson type: combined.
Lesson form: Master Class.
Technologies:
1 . Educational:
Technology of collective mental activity in the system of small groups;
Health saving technology.
2. Pedagogical:
Student-centered technology;
Collective technology creative activity.
3 . Information Technology:
Master of electronic presentations MS Power Point.
Feature of the lesson the lesson was conducted with students from grades 5 to 9, who have different levels of training.
class feature- students with handicapped health.
Optimal selection made information technologies taking into account the characteristics of students with disabilities.
Target: repetition and development of the skills of students in carrying out bookbinding operations: laminating, cutting, perforating, stitching, collating, gluing, assembling.
Corrective goal: correction logical thinking.
Tasks:
Educational:
Repetition and clarification of the existing knowledge of students about the principles of working with the necessary equipment and tools for making a notebook with a laminated cover on a plastic spring.
To form the ability to quickly navigate the tasks proposed in this lesson.
Developing:
Development fine motor skills, visual memory students in the process of performing exercises to restore the deformed text.
Correction socially - personal development students by means of labor training.
Correction of logical thinking.
Develop interest in professional skills through practical activities.
Development of the emotional sphere of the personality through the creation of a situation of success and self-realization.
Nurturing:
To develop motivation for learning, the ability to work in a team of peers.
Cultivate independence and hard work.
Materials and equipment:
Glue stick.
Writing paper.
Film for lamination.
Plastic spring.
Laminator.
Brochure machine.
ICT equipment:
projector;
computer;
presentation;
software : Windows XP, Office 2007, Microsoft Office Power Point 2007.
move lesson.
Organizing time . Emotional mood of students .
Invented by someone and wisely
Greet when meeting:
Good morning!
Good morning! - the sun and the birds.
Good morning! - smiling faces.
And everyone becomes kind, trusting ...
Good morning lasts until evening.
I will smile at you, and you will smile at each other and think how good it is that we are all together today! We are calm, kind, affectionate, friendly. We are all healthy. Take a deep breath and exhale yesterday's resentment, anger, anxiety. Forget about them. Breathe in the freshness of the autumn morning, the warmth of its sunlight and the joy of the upcoming work in the lesson. I wish you good mood!
Hello. Today we have an unusual lesson. Today we are not just in the officebookbinding, but in the printing house. We received an order for modeling and making a gift "Notepad".
Dear guests, youYou are invited to an impromptu printing house and see our skills and abilities. We ask you to write down your feedback about our event on the sheets, which will later be posted on our Art-fence.
Updating the knowledge of students. Correction of logical thinking .
Guys, tell me, please, what are the design of notebooks?
(children's answers: on a plastic spring, on a metal spring, with a spine edging).
Well done! Now I will show you the variety of notebooks that we make in bookbinding lessons. (show samples).
But today we will make a notebook with a laminated cover on a plastic spring. From the proposed samples, find it. (Sample display).
What parts does a notebook consist of? Name (children's answers: block, back wall, cover, spine).
What materials will you use to make a notebook with a plastic spring? Name (children's answers: writing paper, binding cardboard, laminated cover, plastic spring).
What material are the parts of the notebook made of? (Working with an interactive whiteboard. It is necessary to connect the parts of the notebook and the desired material).
Film and drawing - laminated picture.
The back wall is a binding cardboard.
The spine is a plastic spring.
Block - writing paper.
Let's check.
What tools and equipment do we need to make a notebook on a plastic spring with a laminated cover? (children's answers: scissors, stitching machine, laminator).
Let's remember the safety rules when working with scissors, on a laminator and a booklet machine (frontal survey).
Fizminutka.
And now everyone stand together,
Raise your hands slowly.
Lean right, left,
And we get down to business again.
Main part.
Performing exercises to correct logical thinking.
Let's remember the binding operations.
Students need to substitute letters for numbers. Binding operations will turn out:
1. Lamination.
2. Trimming the cover.
3. Page count.
4. Assembly of the notebook.
5. Punching and stitching.
6. Sticking labels.
Now we will repeat the technological sequence of manufacturing our notebook. Before you are sheets with operations. Arrange them in the correct order.
Let's check.
1. Cover lamination.
2. Trim the cover with scissors.
3. Counting notebook pages (20 pages).
4. Assembly of the notebook (back wall, block, picture, cover).
5. Perforating and stitching a notebook.
6. Sticking labels.
Checking the quality of work.
After completing and reading the resulting plan, the teacher praises the students for the correct answers, explanation and correct use of terms and notes that the students already communicate quite professionally, like adult workers.
Today you will work in teams of 2 people. One of you will be a foreman and monitor the quality of manufactured products. As you remember, in the last lesson we did preparatory work: we prepared pictures for our notebooks. You will recognize your notebook by your drawings on the cover. Working together, you will end up with a great gift "Notepad".
Gymnastics for the eyes.
Practical part. Induction training. Work with technological and operational maps.
Before starting work, let's take another look at the sample and recall the requirements for the quality of our product:
Smooth lamination of the cover;
Accurate trimming of the cover;
Correct packaging of the product;
Proper brochure booklet.
When starting practical work, do not forget that you are required to:
1). Follow the rules of TB.
2). Keep your jobs in order.
3). Don't rush, do the job right.
Let's start making a gift "Notepad".
The work is done using step by step instructions and under the guidance of a teacher.
Work progress.
Cover lamination.
Cut cover with scissors.
Counting notebook pages (20 pages).
Notebook assembly (back wall, block, cover).
Perforation and stitching of the notebook.
Label sticking. Checking the quality of work.
Pay attention to possible errors and omissions: the dimensions must be strictly observed, the cuts must be even. Revealing common mistakes and ways to eliminate them.
Performing a corrective exercise for the development of visual memory.
After finishing practical work The teacher draws the attention of the students to the work plan indicated on the blackboard.
Please look at the board and check if I wrote everything down correctly? (The sequence of making a notebook has been changed on the board.) The children need to determine if anything has changed in the order of operations. Students read the plan, find errors in the order of operations and restore the original location of the plates.
Checking the quality of work.
Summing up the lesson. Reflection.
Did you enjoy working in our makeshift printing house?
What have you learned today?
What materials did you work with?
What types of paper and cardboard did you use?
What were the parts used for?
What did you like most about the lesson?
How can this knowledge be useful to you in life?
How else can you implement your notepad? (Sell and make a profit).
What are you talking about at home?
After successfully completing the 9th or 12th grade, one of you will be able to continue your studies in educational institution vocational education. And someone, having acquired knowledge, skills and abilities at school, will be able to work at city enterprises, work at home, earn money for life and support for the family. And now you are learning to make products that will also be useful to you in life.
Notebook Poems. Students read.
1. For different records,
For important records
Will last you a whole year
Instead of incomprehensible scraps, pieces of paper
An item called Notepad.
2. A notebook in such a solid binding
You will definitely find a use for it.
There are many current affairs and thoughts - a river,
Always our gift at your fingertips!
And at the end of our lesson, we want to give you, dear guests, small souvenirs (we give notebooks).
Summary of the lesson.
There are many professions on earth.
Everyone dreamed of a profession.
There is a profession - a gentle song.
There is a profession - cast metal.
But always - and as it was once,
And now in our twenty-first century -
I want to wish you guys
To grow out of you Man!
All the best, thank you.
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