Flashcards Mushrooms download! Edible and inedible mushrooms in pictures for children Children's drawings of edible and inedible mushrooms.
Bright pictures with mushrooms, a story about each mushroom and coloring pages with mushrooms. Studying amazing world surrounding nature, do not forget to tell your children in more detail about mushrooms -
unique inhabitants natural world occupying a middle position between the animal and plant kingdoms.
Lesson on the topic “Mushrooms” - we think, reason, find out
If you ask kids which group mushrooms belong to, they will no doubt answer – plants.
The following arguments can be given as evidence:
- sedentary lifestyle;
- passive nutrition (substances dissolved in water).
This is where you can give them a surprise by telling them that the structure of a fungal cell is more reminiscent of an animal cell - for example, a beetle or a scorpion, since it is covered with a chitinous (shell) shell. In addition, mushrooms cannot produce their own nutrients when exposed to sunlight, as plants do, which means this also serves as a distinguishing feature.
Ask the kids: where can you most often find a mushroom in the forest? Of course, under the tree. It is not for nothing that many mushrooms get their names from the names of their best friends - the trees under which they grow (aspen, birch). What explains this proximity? Just because mushrooms cannot provide themselves with all the necessary substances, as plants do. Therefore, many of them try to make friends with trees in order to get the products they lack through their roots.
We are thinking about what large groups do all mushrooms divide? Of course, there are edible mushrooms and non-edible mushrooms.
Let the children remember the most famous representatives of each group, and you help them, armed in advance with photo cards depicting mushrooms.
For better assimilation and greater clarity, attach cards with the name of the group on the board or table: “Edible mushrooms” and “Not edible mushrooms" After discussion, send each picture to the appropriate group. At the same time, it is better to study twin mushrooms in parallel, this will teach kids to be careful in the process of collecting them.
In studying edible mushrooms The video presentation “Edible Mushrooms” will help you:
Cards with images of mushrooms
As a rule, children know the following types:
Champignon. This mushroom is specially grown in greenhouses, since, unlike many of its fellows, it does not need proximity to trees. Which two distinctive feature champignon need to be remembered? The first is the pink or dark brown color of the plates under the cap. The second is the reddish or yellow tint of the mushroom pulp. And, of course, you need to remember the unique aroma of this mushroom, which cannot be confused with anything else if you inhale it at least once.
Let us immediately remember what is the name of the double of this noble mushroom? Of course, the pale grebe. We look at her image and look for distinctive features. The most observant will be able to note:
- white color of the plates under the cap;
- the presence of a specific sac at the base of the mushroom stalk.
We add that the flesh of the pale toadstool always remains pale when cut, which is why this mushroom got its name.
Russula. This mushroom is distinguished by the brightness and variety of colors of its cap. It differs from toadstools in its thick stem, fleshy cap and fragile flesh. And it owes its name to the fact that it does not require long cooking, since it does not contain harmful substances.
Boletus. One of the brightest representatives of the union of mushrooms and trees. It is distinguished by the unusual (speckled) color of its legs and tubular structure hats.
Boletus. From its name it is clear that this mushroom is especially friendly with aspen. And his cap is bright red - the same as aspen leaves in autumn.
Camelina differs from other mushrooms not only in its color, but also in the fact that its cut becomes blue tint.
Honey mushrooms. Friendly mushrooms that grow on the stumps of cut down or dead trees. One of the latest mushrooms, appearing only at the beginning of autumn.
Butter. Unusual mushrooms, growing in coniferous forests. Their cap is covered with a layer of oily liquid, which is how they got their name.
Milk mushroom. Everyone's favorite, the king of salted mushrooms. It has an unusual shape and a short leg. It is found in two forms - wet (its surface is covered with fringe and slightly damp) and dry - with a smooth cap.
White mushroom, boletus. A noble representative of his species. It has a very thick, fleshy light-colored leg and a cap with a tubular bottom structure.
Chanterelles. Unusual red mushrooms, in which the stem smoothly turns into a cap with a wavy edge.
Speaking of chanterelles, you immediately need to remember them dangerous double- false chanterelles, and pay attention to their differences from real ones: unpleasant smell, bright color (with a reddish tint), smooth edges of the cap.
Let us immediately remember the most famous non-edible mushroom -. Let's discuss where this name could come from. Children remember the fact that fly agaric is very dangerous for various insects, and our ancestors placed its mushrooms on the windows to prevent flies from flying into the house.
Every kid knows what this mushroom looks like, its color is so unique. Children will also be interested to know that the fly agaric cap can be not only red, but also brown or yellow.
And finally, let's remember another unusual representative of the mushroom kingdom - the truffle. This delicious mushroom grows in deciduous forests, and under a layer of soil. Therefore, to extract it they use various ways. Pigs and specially trained dogs are especially good at finding truffles.
For greater clarity, we use a poster depicting all common edible and non-edible mushrooms, among which we find familiar ones, and also study previously unseen mushrooms.
Through a poster on which images of mushrooms are drawn, we smoothly move on to the next, reinforcing part of the lesson - pictures with mushrooms. Some of them display the main features of each mushroom, making it recognizable. On others we see the general outlines of mushrooms. You can offer the kids riddles or poems about mushrooms that match the pictures.
A picture for children of a mushroom (poems about mushrooms, riddles about mushrooms) are used to consolidate knowledge of the names of the main parts of the mushroom; with the help of them we try to remember how and in what parts, as well as in their characteristic habitat, the mushrooms that we studied today differ from each other.
Riddles about mushrooms
For example, you can offer the following poems and riddles:
My hat -
Where the needles are.
Glistens in the sun
It slips in your hands. (oiler)
With a thick leg, small,
He hid in the moss... (boletus).
If I get into the basket -
You will have a supply for the winter.
I taste very good!
Did you guess it? This is... (milk).
They lead a friendly round dance
Red sisters.
Everyone will immediately understand:
In front of him... (chanterelles).
Sits bravely on a stump
A bunch of brave guys.
Everyone can easily recognize them:
Who doesn’t know about….(again)?
All shades and colors
Those mushrooms have caps.
Collect them without haste,
Very fragile...(russula).
Look at the video riddles about mushrooms:
As a conclusion to the lesson, to include motor memory in the work, in the final part we invite the kids to work with coloring. The mushroom coloring page puts kids in a calm mood.
Mushroom coloring pages
At the end of the work, you need to consider all the results and even make an impromptu exhibition of mushrooms painted in bright colors.
Presentation of “mushrooms for children” on video:
Pictures with mushrooms
Some people might find pictures with funny mushroom houses useful.
All life on Earth is usually attributed to either the plant or animal world, however, there are special organisms - mushrooms, which for a long time scientists found it difficult to classify into a specific class. Mushrooms are unique in their structure, mode of life and diversity. They are represented by a huge number of varieties and differ in the mechanism of their existence, even among themselves. Mushrooms were first classified as plants, then as animals, and only recently was it decided to classify them as their own, special kingdom. Mushrooms are neither a plant nor an animal.
What are mushrooms?
Mushrooms, unlike plants, do not contain the pigment chlorophyll, which gives green leaves and extracts nutrients from carbon dioxide. Mushrooms are not able to produce nutrients on their own, but extract them from the object on which they grow: wood, soil, plants. Eating prepared substances brings mushrooms closer to animals. In addition, this group of living organisms vitally needs moisture, so they are not able to exist where there is no liquid.
Mushrooms can be cap, mold and yeast. It is the hat ones that we collect in the forest. Molds are the well-known mold, yeasts are yeast and similar very small microorganisms. Fungi can grow on living organisms or feed on their waste products. Fungi can form mutually beneficial relationships with higher plants and insects, a relationship called symbiosis. Mushrooms are a must digestive system herbivores. They play a very important role in the life of not only animals, plants, but also humans.
Scheme of the structure of a cap mushroom
Everyone knows that a mushroom consists of a stem and a cap, which is what we cut off when we pick mushrooms. However, this is only a small part of the mushroom, called the “fruiting body”. Based on the structure of the fruiting body, you can determine whether a mushroom is edible or not. The fruiting bodies are made up of intertwined threads called hyphae. If you turn the mushroom over and look at the cap from below, you will notice that some mushrooms have thin plastics there (these are lamellar mushrooms), while others are like a sponge (sponge mushrooms). It is there that the spores (very small seeds) necessary for the reproduction of the fungus are formed.
The fruiting body makes up only 10% of the mushroom itself. The main part of the fungus is the mycelium; it is not visible to the eye because it is located in the soil or tree bark and is also an interweaving of hyphae. Another name for mycelium is “mycelium”. A large area of the mycelium is required for mushroom collection nutrients and moisture. In addition, it attaches the fungus to the surface and promotes further spread over it.
Edible mushrooms
The most popular edible mushrooms among mushroom pickers include: porcini mushroom, boletus, boletus, butterfly, moss fly, honey fungus, milk mushroom, russula, chanterelle, saffron milk cap, and trumpet mushroom.
One mushroom can have many varieties, which is why mushrooms with the same name can look different.
White mushroom (boletus) Mushroom pickers adore it for its unsurpassed taste and aroma. It is very similar in shape to a barrel. The cap of this mushroom is pillow-shaped and pale to dark brown in color. Its surface is smooth. The pulp is dense, white, is odorless and has a pleasant nutty taste. The stem of the porcini mushroom is very voluminous, up to 5 cm thick, white, sometimes beige in color. Most of it is underground. This mushroom can be collected from June to October in coniferous, deciduous or mixed forests And appearance it depends on where it grows. You can eat white mushroom in any form.
Common boletus
Common boletus (boletus) It is also a rather desirable mushroom for mushroom pickers. His hat is also pillow-shaped and colored either light brown or dark brown. Its diameter is up to 15 cm. The flesh of the cap is white, but may turn slightly pink when cut. The length of the leg is up to 15 cm. It widens slightly downward and has a light gray color with brown scales. The boletus grows in deciduous and mixed forests from June to late autumn. He loves light very much, so most often he can be found on the edges. Boletus can be consumed boiled, fried and stewed.
Boletus
Boletus(redhead) is easily recognized by the interesting color of its cap, reminiscent of autumn foliage. The color of the cap depends on the place of growth. It varies from almost white to yellow-red or brown. At the point where the flesh breaks, it begins to change color, darkening to black. The leg of the boletus is very dense and large, reaching 15 cm in length. In appearance, the boletus differs from the boletus in that it has black spots drawn on its legs, as if horizontally, while the boletus has more vertical spots. This mushroom can be collected from the beginning of summer until October. It is most often found in deciduous and mixed forests, aspen forests and small forests.
Oil can
Oil can has a fairly wide cap, up to 10 cm in diameter. It can be colored from yellow to chocolate, and has a convex shape. The skin can be easily separated from the flesh of the cap and it can be very slimy and slippery to the touch. The pulp in the cap is soft, yellowish and juicy. In young butterflies, the sponge under the cap is covered with a white film; in adults, it leaves a skirt on the leg. The leg has the shape of a cylinder. It is yellow at the top and may be slightly darker at the bottom. Butterwort grows in coniferous forests on sandy soil from May to November. It can be consumed pickled, dried and salted.
Kozlyak
Kozlyak very similar to an old oil can, but the sponge under the cap is darker, with large pores and there is no skirt on the leg.
Mosswort
Mokhoviki have a cushion-shaped cap with velvety skin from brown to dark green. The leg is dense, yellow-brown. The flesh may turn blue or green when cut and has a brown color. The most common are green and yellow-brown moss mushrooms. They have excellent taste qualities and can be consumed fried and dried. Before eating it, be sure to clean the cap. Moss mushrooms grow in deciduous and coniferous forests of temperate latitudes from mid-summer to mid-autumn.
Dubovik
Dubovik grows mainly in oak forests. In appearance, the shape resembles a porcini mushroom, and the color resembles a moss mushroom. The surface of the cap of young mushrooms is velvety; in damp weather it can be mucous. The hat becomes covered from touching dark spots. The flesh of the mushroom is yellowish, dense, red or reddish at the base of the stem, turns blue when cut, then turns brown, odorless, mild taste. The mushroom is edible, but it is easily confused with inedible ones: satanic and gall mushrooms. If part of the leg is covered with a dark net, it is not an oak tree, but its inedible double. In olive-brown oak, the flesh immediately turns blue when cut, while in its poisonous counterpart it slowly changes color, first to red, and then turns blue.
All the mushrooms described above are spongy. Among sponge mushrooms, only gall mushroom and the satanic mushroom, they look like white, but immediately change color when cut, and the pepper one is not edible, because it is bitter, more about them below. But among the agaric mushrooms there are many inedible and poisonous ones, so the child should remember the names and descriptions of edible mushrooms before going on a “quiet hunt”.
Honey fungus
Honey fungus grows at the base of trees, and meadow honey fungus grows in meadows. Its convex cap, up to 10 cm in diameter, is yellowish-brown in color and looks like an umbrella. The length of the leg is up to 12 cm. In the upper part it is light and has a ring (skirt), and at the bottom it acquires a brownish tint. The pulp of the mushroom is dense, dry, with a pleasant smell.
Autumn honey fungus grows from August to October. It can be found at the base of both dead and living trees. The cap is brownish, dense, the plates are yellowish, and there is a white ring on the stem. Most often it is found in birch groves. This mushroom can be eaten dried, fried, pickled and boiled.
Autumn honey fungus
Summer honey fungus, like autumn honey fungus, grows on stumps all summer and even in autumn. Its cap along the edge is darker than in the middle and thinner than that of autumn honey fungus. There is a brown ring on the stem.
Summer honey fungus
Honey fungus has been growing in meadows and pastures since the end of May. Sometimes mushrooms form a circle, which mushroom pickers call a “witch’s ring.”
Honey fungus
Russula
Russula They have a round cap with easily peelable skin at the edges. The cap reaches 15 cm in diameter. The cap can be convex, flat, concave or funnel-shaped. Its color varies from red-brown and blue-gray to yellowish and light gray. The leg is white, fragile. The flesh is also white. Russula can be found in both deciduous and coniferous forests. They also grow in the birch park and on the river bank. The first mushrooms appear at the end of spring, and greatest number occurs in early autumn.
Chanterelle
Chanterelle- an edible mushroom that is pleasant in appearance and taste. Its velvety hat is red in color and resembles a funnel shape with folds along the edges. Its flesh is dense and has the same color as the cap. The cap smoothly transitions into the leg. The leg is also red, smooth, and tapers downwards. Its length is up to 7 cm. The chanterelle is found in deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests. It can often be found in moss and among coniferous trees. It grows from June to November. You can use it in any form.
Gruzd
Gruzd has a concave cap with a funnel in the center and wavy edges. It is dense to the touch and fleshy. The surface of the cap is white and can be covered with fluff; it can be dry or, on the contrary, slimy and wet, depending on the type of milk mushroom. The pulp is brittle and when broken, white juice with a bitter taste is released. Depending on the type of milk mushroom, the juice may turn yellow or pink when scraped. The leg of the milk mushroom is dense and white. This mushroom grows in deciduous and mixed forests, often covered with dry foliage so that it is not visible, but only a mound is visible. It can be collected from the first summer month to September. Milk mushrooms are well suited for pickling. Much less often they are fried or consumed boiled. The breast can also be black, but the black tastes much worse.
White milk mushroom (real)
Dry milk mushroom (podgruzdok)
Aspen mushroom
Black milk mushroom
Volnushka
Volnushki They are distinguished by a small cap with a depression in the center and a beautiful fringe along the slightly turned up edges. Its color varies from yellowish to pink. The pulp is white and dense. This is a conditionally edible mushroom. The juice has a very bitter taste, so before cooking this mushroom, it needs to be soaked for a long time. The leg is dense, up to 6 cm in length. Volnushki love damp areas and grow in deciduous and mixed forests, preferring birch trees. They are best harvested from August to September. Volnushki can be eaten salted and pickled.
Ryzhik
Saffron milk caps they are similar to volnushki, but larger in size, they do not have a fringe along the edges, they are light orange in color, and the flesh when cut is also orange, turning green along the edges. The mushroom does not have bitter juice, so it can be cooked immediately without soaking. The mushroom is edible. Ryzhiki are fried, boiled and pickled.
Champignon
Champignon They grow in the forest, in the city, and even in landfills and basements from summer to autumn. While the mushroom is young, its cap has the shape of a half ball of white or grayish color, the reverse side of the cap is covered with a white veil. When the cap opens, the veil turns into a skirt on a leg, exposing gray plates with spores. Champignons are edible, they are fried, boiled, pickled without any special pre-treatment.
Violin
A mushroom that squeaks slightly when you run a fingernail over it or when the caps are rubbed, many call it a squeaky mushroom. It grows in coniferous and deciduous forests, usually in groups. The violin is similar to a milk mushroom, but unlike the milk mushroom, its plates are cast in a yellowish or greenish color, and the cap may also not be pure white, moreover, it is velvety. The flesh of the mushroom is white, very dense, hard, but brittle, with a faint pleasant odor and a very pungent taste. When broken, it secretes a very caustic white milky juice. The white pulp turns greenish-yellow when exposed to air. The milky sap dries and becomes reddish. Skripitsa is a conditionally edible mushroom; it is edible when salted after soaking.
Valuy (bull) has a light brown cap with whitish plates and a white stem. While the mushroom is young, the cap is curved down and slightly slippery. Young mushrooms are collected and eaten, but only after removing the skin, long-term soaking or boiling of the mushroom.
You can find such fancy mushrooms in the forest and meadow: morel, string, dung beetle, blue-green stropharia. They are conditionally edible, but recently they are less and less consumed by people. Young umbrella and puffball mushrooms are edible.
Poisonous mushrooms
Inedible mushrooms or food products containing their poisons can cause severe poisoning and even death. The most life-threatening inedible, poisonous mushrooms include: fly agaric, toadstool, false mushrooms.
A very noticeable mushroom in the forest. Its red hat with white specks is visible to the forester from afar. However, depending on the species, the caps can also be of other colors: green, brown, white, orange. The hat is shaped like an umbrella. This mushroom is quite large in size. The leg usually widens downward. There is a “skirt” on it. It represents the remains of the shell in which young mushrooms were located. This poisonous mushroom can be confused with golden-red russula. Russula has a cap that is slightly depressed in the center and does not have a “skirt” (Volva).
Pale grebe (green fly agaric) even in small quantities can cause great harm to human health. Her hat can be white, green, gray or yellowish color. But the shape depends on the age of the mushroom. The cap of a young pale grebe resembles a small egg, and over time it becomes almost flat. The stem of the mushroom is white, tapering downwards. The pulp does not change at the site of the cut and has no odor. Pale grebe grows in all forests with aluminous soil. This mushroom is very similar to champignons and russula. However, the plates of champignons are usually darker in color, while those of the toadstool are white. Russulas do not have this skirt on the leg, and they are more fragile.
False honey mushrooms can be easily confused with edible honey mushrooms. They usually grow on tree stumps. The cap of these mushrooms is brightly colored, and the edges are covered with white flaky particles. Unlike edible mushrooms, the smell and taste of these mushrooms are unpleasant.
Gall mushroom- double of white. It differs from boletus in that the upper part of its stem is covered with a dark mesh, and the flesh turns pink when cut.
Satanic mushroom also similar to white, but its sponge under the cap is reddish, there is a red mesh on the leg, and the cut becomes purple.
Pepper mushroom looks like a flywheel or oil can, but the sponge under the cap is purple.
False fox- an inedible counterpart to the chanterelle. By color false fox darker, reddish-orange, white juice is released at the break of the cap.
Both the moss fly and the chanterelles also have inedible counterparts.
As you understand, mushrooms are not only those that have a cap and a stem and that grow in the forest.
- Yeasts are used to create some drinks, using them during the fermentation process (for example, kvass). Molds are a source of antibiotics and save millions of lives every day. Special types of mushrooms are used to give products, such as cheeses, a special taste. They are also used to create chemicals.
- Fungal spores, through which they reproduce, can germinate in 10 years or more.
- There are also predatory species of mushrooms that feed on worms. Their mycelium forms dense rings, once caught, it is no longer possible to escape.
- The oldest mushroom found in amber is 100 million years old.
- An interesting fact is that leaf-cutter ants are able to independently grow the mushrooms they need for nutrition. They acquired this ability 20 million years ago.
- There are about 68 species of luminous mushrooms in nature. They are most often found in Japan. These mushrooms are distinguished by the fact that they glow in the dark. green, this looks especially impressive if the mushroom grows in the middle of rotten tree trunks.
- Some fungi cause serious diseases and affect agricultural plants.
Mushrooms are mysterious and very interesting organisms, full of unsolved secrets and unusual discoveries. Edible species are very tasty and useful product, and inedible ones can cause great harm to health. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish them and you should not put a mushroom in the basket that you are not completely sure about. But this risk does not prevent one from admiring their diversity and beauty against the backdrop of blooming nature.
Summary of GCD in the middle group on the topic: “Oh, mushrooms, mushrooms”
Komova Lyubov Nikolaevna, teacher at MBDOU “Kindergarten No. 90”, Cherepovets.Description of material: I bring to your attention a summary of the direct educational activities on the topic: “Oh, mushrooms, mushrooms.” This material will be useful to teachers of children in the 5th year of life at preschool educational institutions.
Target: Introduction to mushrooms.
Tasks:
Educational: Expand children's knowledge about mushrooms (name, place of growth, structure); teach them to distinguish between edible and inedible mushrooms.
Educational: Develop children's active vocabulary (names of mushrooms)
Educational: Foster respect for nature and friendliness.
Materials and equipment:
Basket with mushrooms covered with a handkerchief
Audio recording “Sounds of the forest”
Caps of edible mushrooms according to the number of children
Squirrel (be-ba-bo)
Mushroom dummies (ceps, boletus, boletus, chanterelles, fly agaric, toadstool)
Educational areas:
Cognitive development
Social and communicative development
Preliminary work:
1. Reading “Mushrooms” by V. Kataev, “Under the Mushroom” by V. Suteev
2. Looking at the album with illustrations “Mushrooms”
Progress:
The teacher brings a basket covered with a handkerchief into the group. Attracts children's attention.
Children: Yes!
Educator: In summer it grows in the forest,
It doesn't go into the basket itself.
He needs to bow down
Cut off the leg, don’t be lazy,
Then he will take off his hat,
It makes delicious food.
What's growing under the hat?
Doesn't go into the basket itself?
Children: Mushroom.
The teacher removes the handkerchief and shows the children mushrooms.
Educator: Children, where do you think these mushrooms come from?
Children:(children's assumptions)
Educator: Where do mushrooms grow?
Children: In the forest.
Educator: I propose to go into the forest and find out who sent us such a gift.
The children agree.
The teacher plays the audio recording “Sounds of the Forest”
Educator:
We are going to the forest today. Children walk in circles
That forest is full of miracles!
It rained in the forest yesterday - Shake the brushes
This is very good. Clap your hands
We will look for mushrooms Place palm to forehead
And collect it in a basket. Crouching and picking mushrooms
Here sit the boletus Pointing to the right
On the stump - honey mushrooms. Pointing to the left
Well, and you, fly agaric, They shake their fingers.
Decorate the autumn forest.
Good forest, old forest. Children walk in circles
Full of fabulous wonders!
We're going for a walk now
And we invite you with us!
Educator: Here we are in the forest. Look how many mushrooms there are around. Let's take a closer look.
Children sit on a rug (in a clearing).
Slide No. 1 White mushroom
Educator: At the hill on the path
The mushroom stands on a thick stalk.
A little damp from the rain
The porcini mushroom is large and important.
Educator: This mushroom is called a porcini mushroom. It has a stem and a cap. ( Shows) What color is the mushroom cap?
Children: The hat is brown.
Educator: What color is the mushroom stem?
Children: The leg is white.
Educator: The porcini mushroom has a very thick and strong stem. If you cut this mushroom, it will be white in the middle. Hence the name of this mushroom. The white mushroom is considered the king of mushrooms (the main one in the forest). Because it is the largest mushroom in the forest and valuable (delicious). Mushroom pickers love it very much. Who are mushroom pickers?
Children: People who pick mushrooms.
Slide No. 2 Boletus
Educator: How good are they?
Tough guys in red hats!
I'll get them early in the morning
I'll collect it under the aspen tree.
This mushroom is called boletus. It grows under aspen, which is why it is called boletus.
Educator: What does the boletus have?
Children: Leg and cap.
Educator: What color is the hat?
Children: The hat is red.
Educator: And the leg?
Children: The leg is white with black.
Slide No. 3 Boletus
Educator: Before us is another mushroom.
Educator: This is a boletus. Why do you think it is called that?
Children: Grows under a birch tree.
Educator: Under the birch tree ahead -
Boletus, look,
On a tall slender leg...
The leg is a little speckled!
How is it different from boletus?
Children: With a hat. The boletus has a brown cap.
Slide No. 4 Chanterelles
Educator: Here are the beautiful foxes.
Very friendly sisters.
It is not easy for them to hide.
It can be seen very far away.
Educator: Who can tell why these mushrooms are called that?
Children: They are red, like foxes.
Educator: Children, what mushrooms did we find in the clearing?
Children: Chanterelles, boletus, boletus, porcini mushroom.
Educator: All these mushrooms can be eaten, you can cook different dishes from them (fry, dry, cook mushroom soup). Therefore, all of them can be called edible.
The outdoor game “Mushroom Picker and Mushrooms” is being played
According to the counting, a mushroom picker is selected, the rest of the children are mushrooms (they put a cap with a picture of a mushroom on their head)
Educator: Here is a forest clearing,
There are edible mushrooms here.
I invite everyone to the game,
We play, you drive!
Mushrooms grow in a clearing, at the teacher’s signal “The mushroom picker is coming,” the children run away and the mushroom picker catches. The game is played several times.
After the game, the children sit down.
A squirrel appears.
Squirrel: Hello children!
Children: Hello, squirrel!
Squirrel: What are you doing in the forest?
Children: We want to know who sent us a basket of mushrooms as a gift.
Squirrel:It's me. In summer there are a lot of mushrooms in the forest. But you need to be careful, in addition to edible mushrooms, inedible ones also grow in the forest.
Educator: Squirrel, let's introduce the children to inedible mushrooms.
Slide No. 5 Fly agaric
Educator: This mushroom grows in the forest
Don't put it in your mouth!
He's not sweet at all
Specks on the hat
Red like a tomato
Inedible fly agaric!
Look what a fly agaric looks like.
Children: White leg, red cap with white dots.
Educator: It is beautiful and bright, but very dangerous because it is poisonous. Under no circumstances should you touch it with your hands or even kick it.
Slide No. 5 Pale grebe
Educator: Here is another mushroom that is poisonous to humans.
Pale-faced grebes
They roam the clearing in a flock.
I won't play with them.
I'll go around and forget about it.
Why should you avoid these mushrooms?
Children: They are poisonous, inedible, and should not be touched.
Educator: Never eat
Unfamiliar berries...
And mushrooms are toadstools
No need to put it in your mouth:
Your head will spin
My stomach hurts
And from poisoning
The doctor won't save you.
Educator: What mushrooms did we meet?
Children: Edible and inedible.
Didactic game “Collect mushrooms”
Models of familiar mushrooms are laid out in the clearing; children collect only edible ones.
Squirrel: Look how many mushrooms are in the clearing! Children, help me collect edible mushrooms.
Educator: Finding mushrooms is not difficult.
You need to take them carefully.
You need to know them well
So as not to collect toadstools.
After the children have collected mushrooms, the teacher asks each one what mushroom he found.
Educator: What can we call all the mushrooms that we collected?
Children: Edible mushrooms.
Educator: What mushrooms are left in the clearing?
Children: Inedible, poisonous.
Educator: Let's name them.
Children: Fly agaric, pale grebe.
Educator: We played enough with mushrooms,
And now it's time for us to visit mom.
The children thank the squirrel and return to the group.
Good afternoon, today I have prepared an article that will tell you the most best ideas for kids crafts with mushrooms. Here you will find beautiful applications, voluminous mushroom meadows, and templates for children’s mushroom crafts made from colored paper. We will make boletus mushrooms and fly agaric mushrooms with our own hands in the form of an autumn applique using natural materials. Lay out the mushrooms like a mosaic of torn paper. Create bulk applications from cereals in the form of mushrooms. We will also make three-dimensional crafts from papier-mâché in the shape of mushrooms.
Craft mushroom
from PLASTILINE.
The very first crafts made from plasticine are usually mushrooms. Most often, children make a cylinder sausage and roll a ball, which is slightly flattened into a plump flat cake.
Children's favorite mushroom is fly agaric. He is so beautiful. At least poisonous. But it is important and necessary - it is used to treat moose when they are sick.
IN senior group In kindergarten you can make various additions to the plasticine mushroom. Make plasticine grass around the leg. Individual thin plasticine green sausages. Or use a common ribbon - flatten a narrow sausage, cut it into a fringe - wrap it around the stem of the mushroom (as was done in the master class in the photo below).
To have a lesson in kindergarten it was more fun, you can offer it to those children who managed to make the mushroom have a TONGUE AND BIG EYES earlier (like the fly agaric craft in the photo below).
Later you can teach how to make a two-layer fly agaric cap. First, we sculpt a fly agaric leg from white plasticine. Then we wrap a white long narrow sausage around the leg - like a thick strap. And then we flatten it with our fingers all over the circle - we get a white skirt on the fly agaric leg.
We make the cap of the fly agaric mushroom TWO-LAYER.
Take 2 identical pieces of plasticine - white and red.
We divide the white piece into two parts and roll two balls. The first white ball is rolled into a cake. Leave the second one round. Place a round ball in the center of the white cake (this ball will give the desired bulge on the mushroom cap).
Roll the entire red piece into a ball and flatten it into a large round cake (it will be larger in size than our white mushroom cake). We cover our white flatbread with a ball in the center with this red flatbread. The red cake flows around the ball - it turns out to be a typical shape of a hat with a slide in the center. All that remains is to add the spots. And scratch line patterns in a stack on the bottom white part of the cap.
Plasticine
mushroom house.
If each child brings a jar of baby food from home, you can make a plasticine domi craft in the senior group of kindergarten. Coat the walls of the jar with white plasticine - heated in hot water. We soak a piece and it becomes liquid-soft, this kind of plasticine is easy to work with - and it does not stick so much to wet hands. We make a door and a window in the house. We cover the lid of the jar with red plasticine - with white circles-cakes. If you have time left, you can decorate your house with a pattern of flower vines.
You can put an LED flashlight or a luminous toy inside the house - and the house will glow from the inside.
Plasticine flat applications on the theme of a mushroom look very nice. You can work using the smear technique (flatten a small ball and smear it with your fingers).
You can work using the PLASTA technique - roll out a lump of ivy plasticine into a flat cake with a rolling pin (a smooth bottle of hairspray, etc.) and cut out the silhouette needed for the applique from the plastic - this is exactly how the silhouettes of mushrooms are cut out in the photo of the craft below.
Simple applications
with mushrooms
for kindergarten.
The most common mushroom crafts in kindergarten are applications made from colored paper. The silhouettes are cut out with scissors and pasted into an overall picture-craft. Older children - from 5 years old - can cut out the applique details with their own hands. And for the kids junior group All elements of the applique are cut out by the teacher.
You can also make mushroom-shaped lantern crafts from cardboard and colored paper. Cut out two cardboard silhouettes of a mushroom. In the center of each of them we cut a hole, which we cover with transparent tracing paper or an office file.
Between the cardboard walls we glue the BOARDS OF THE BOX and put a candle inside or put a white LED New Year's garland. It turns out to be a cozy night light for a child’s room, made with your own hands.
The sides of the inner box look like a LONG RECTANGLE - its long edges are bent and with this bent side they are glued to the walls in the shape of a mushroom.
You can see the layout of such a flashlight in more detail using the example of a similar lamp craft, but in the shape of an apple, in our article
Applique + drawing
The craft contains a mushroom.
Often, integrated classes are held in kindergarten - where two types of activities are combined - drawing and appliqué at the same time.
When making a mushroom craft, you can also use paints and colored paper. For example, give children a white hat cut out of cardboard. And the children’s task is to paint it red themselves and use white gouache to draw fly agaric spots (as in the photo of the mushroom craft below).
You can, as in the photo with the mushroom craft below, combine the FINGER Drawing technique and the BREAK APPLIQUE technique. Draw the mushroom cap using fingerprints. And fill the remaining parts with scraps of colored paper. Children are given paper that has already been torn into long narrow strips; the child uses his fingers to pinch the strip into small pieces - and places them on the craft areas coated with glue.
You can paint the entire mushroom with paints - like the fly agaric mushrooms on the craft below and applique add to them only the LACERY SKIRT on the mushroom stem. A skirt can be cut out of a paper napkin with a pattern (as in the photo below), or a skirt with a pattern can be obtained by cutting a snowflake out of paper - and then cutting it into halves - sectors - from one snowflake you will get many skirts for mushrooms at once.
This craft can be made on a regular background of colored paper or white landscape paper painted with a sponge.
Or you can make a beautiful autumn background from prints of dry leaves. Cover the leaves with paint and print on a landscape sheet. This lesson can be divided into 2 parts - 1 lesson making prints, in the 2nd lesson sticking an applique with a mushroom.
Mushroom skirts can be obtained by cutting paper cupcake molds with scissors (as was done in the fly agaric mushroom craft below). By adding junk material, non-standard techniques, you can get a new interesting craft with your own hands.
You can make drawing crafts-appliques with a secret. We draw the stem of the mushroom with paints. And the hat comes as a separate piece made of cardboard - in which the DOOR-CUTS have already been made. The child paints the entire hat, including the doors. Then he glues the hat onto the picture (without applying glue to the door) and in place of the opened doors he glues a character - a bug, a snail, a frog, a gnome - the one who lives in the mushroom.
The door on the mushroom can be anywhere. Below, for example, like in this fabric craft from the photo below. Here we see a page from an educational book for very young children, made by mother’s hands.
Crafts Mushrooms
with autumn leaves.
You can also add natural materials to your application on the Mushroom theme - dry autumn leaves, maple seeds, dried flowers, pieces of bark or moss.
Folding crafts mushrooms
Using origami technique.
You can make mushrooms from a paper accordion. We fold a long strip of paper into folds - like a fan. We make folds along the long side of the strip. We get a long narrow fan. We bend it in half - and push it apart like a skirt in both directions - glue the place where the blades of the two halves of the fan meet.
It turns out to be a mushroom cap. In the photo below we see a children's applique made according to this principle.
If you thread a string in the place where we bent the fan, then it can be a pendant craft. It can be used to decorate a window in autumn style. Or hang it on the Christmas tree.
There is also a way to make a spring accordion from long narrow strips of paper. Such an accordion-spring can become a stem for a mushroom. We make the hat from a paper round, which is cut along one radius - from the edge to the center, cut with scissors. And the edges of this cut were placed on top of each other - overlapping and glued - to form a neat cone in the shape of a hat.
You can make a paddle applique in the shape of a mushroom. This simple craft made from several silhouettes of a mushroom. The silhouettes have the same shape. They all fold in half lengthwise - like little books. And they come together - sticking together with side blades.
You can also make this mushroom craft with your own hands (photo below). A square of paper is folded into arrow folds. And it randomly fits onto a sheet of paper. On back side The silhouette of a mushroom is drawn on the leaf. After the entire silhouette is covered with folded pieces, take scissors and cut out the silhouette. We get an interesting relief mushroom applique - as in the photo below.
Broken applique
on the topic MUSHROOM
for kindergarten.
All children love to make cut-out applique. If you are working with older children- then you can give them whole sheets of colored paper and they will make it themselves using the technique - first, the sheet is torn by hand into long narrow strips, then each strip is cut into pieces.
When working with middle group Kindergarten students can be given strips cut with scissors - and their task is to cut the long strips into pieces. Since at this age the ability to use scissors is being developed - and this is the most feasible exercise for chik-chik.
For younger children We give the garden group ready-made long strips of paper and they tear off small pieces themselves. And they also need to be given some of the sprinkles in a ready-made form.
This is what a cut-out mushroom applique looks like - made from scraps of paper.
This is what a sliced mushroom craft looks like - made from pieces of paper cut into pieces.
Loose applique
Craft mushroom.
Children also love working with cereals and other bulk materials. natural materials. Below you see a children's craft, where a mushroom is made from three types of cereals. The stem is grains of rice, the upper part of the cap is buckwheat, and the lower part of the cap is small barley groats. The result was a very realistic craft. A little lower in this article - I will give a READY TEMPLATE for this application in kindergarten.
You can make a combined Mushroom craft - which will involve a cut-out appliqué, bulk material and a dry herbarium.
Below in the photo of the applique with a mushroom we see a similar child’s work. The stem of the mushroom is made using the cutting technique, the cap is a filling of ground dry leaves (or tea leaves). And a dry leaf from the herbarium is decorated with fungus.
Bottom crafts you can decorate with forest moss. The moss must first be dried on a radiator in a group and then it attaches well to the plasticine.
Templates
for precipitous and bulk
applications with mushroom.
Here are ready-made silhouette templates for making mushrooms in kindergarten classes. Pictures can be copied onto a regular sheet of Word, stretched with the mouse to the size you need and printed.
And here are a couple of clever coloring pages from the HIDE-AND-HIDE series. If you decorate the elements of leaves and mushrooms correctly, then it will be clearly clear what exactly is drawn here. It is important not to confuse a mushroom with a leaf and decorate everything correctly.
Also copy the picture onto a Word sheet - stretch it to the desired size - and print it on a printer.
DIY mushrooms
Using the QUILING technique.
You can also make beautiful mushroom crafts using the paper rolling technique. They look very elegant.
You can make the simplest quilling shapes with your own hands. Just tightly twisted windings of narrow strips of colored paper. Give the twists an oval stem shape and a rounded mushroom cap shape. And you will get a neat miniature craft.
You can make more complex forms consisting of several modules. Older children can cope with this task. This requires painstaking perseverance and leisurely accuracy.
You can make three-dimensional modules from twisted paper - by stretching the twisted paper into a cylinder - and then you will get a 3D mushroom craft.
DIY mushrooms
using origami technique.
You can fold an origami module from a square of colored paper in 20 seconds. Make a lot of such modules. And assemble them with your own hands, like from a construction set, into a voluminous mushroom.
With younger children school age you can make complex crafts in school classes - mushrooms using the origami assembly technique.
Below I post step-by-step master class on creating such a fly agaric mushroom craft. Using the same technique, you can also make boletus mushrooms with brown caps (for beauty, you can glue an autumn leaf to the top and a piece of dry moss to the bottom).
Mushroom based
A roll of cardboard.
And here are crafts where the mushroom stem is made from a toilet paper roll.
The cap of such a mushroom is made in the form of a pocket - that is, two contours of the cap are cut out and glued to each other AT THE EDGES. The center remains unglued and can open like a pocket - and with this pocket you can put it on a roll.
Below we see different versions of crafts using this technique.
You can make mushroom caps from the bottoms plastic bottles. Trim, paint with red gouache and here you have a fun craft for children in the shape of mushrooms.
You can make the rolls yourself from cardboard. The size you need. For example, small ones so that they match the size of mushroom caps made from halves of walnut shells (as in the photo below).
Craft mushroom
Using the PAPIER-MACHE technique.
I have already given a detailed master class on how to quickly and easily make papier-mâché dough from a cardboard egg cassette, soaked in boiling water.
Mushrooms sculpted using this technique look like real ones. They are hard and difficult to break or tear. Children can play with them.
First, we make these mushrooms from papier-mâché (paper dough). Then we dry them and decorate them with a special composition.
Very detailed step-by-step master class I published how to make such paper pulp using boiling water and an egg cassette in an article where we made APPLES using this recipe, they also looked like they were alive. Here is a link to this lesson
DIY mushrooms
from felt and felt.
In elementary sewing lessons in elementary school, you can make simple flat mushroom crafts from felt.
You can sew mushrooms from ordinary fabric. Which you found at home - chintz, plush, cotton.
And if you are into felting, you can make fluffy felt mushroom crafts. Like in the photo below.
We buy wool for felting. Pour into a bowl warm water. Add to it liquid soap. Dip a piece of wool into soapy water and begin sculpt it with your hands under water, We sculpt the shape we need from plasticine. We roll it in our hands, iron it - from warm water and friction of our hands, the felt easily knits into a dense lump under water - the shape we need. We take it out and dry it. It turns out to be a part - a hat or a leg. I got what I sculpted. Working with felt is a pleasure - things come out very quickly and easily.
You can not sculpt the felt under water - but comb it with a felting needle. This fly agaric applique is made from needle felting inside a frame bounded by a zipper.
We cut off a regular metal zipper with scissors next to the teeth. We sew this scalloped tape onto a piece of fabric (a thin layer of felt or felt).
Now we put a red fiber inside this frame and comb it with a needle. Add pieces of white felt and comb the spot inside the red background.
Felt material can be used to make voluminous crafts. Whole meadows with mushrooms.
These are simple and quick ideas for children's crafts on the topic of Mushrooms.
Now you can choose a convenient mushroom craft for the age of your children and the purpose of the lesson with them.
Good luck with your work.
Olga Klishevskaya, especially for the site
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