Didactic games on the world around us, senior group. Card index of children's didactic games to get acquainted with nature
Collect a plant
Target. To consolidate children's knowledge about the structure of a plant, its parts and their significance for plant life.
Material. A large picture of a lawn (without flowers, grass, etc.) and slots for plants, cut parts of a plant (root, stem, leaves, flower, fruit).
Tasks
1. Remember what the structure of the plant is.
2. Select from the proposed material something that may be part of the plant.
3. Collect parts of a whole plant, name it and plant it on the lawn.
Rules
1. The number of players is from 4 to 6 people.
2. The winner is the one who quickly and correctly collected his plant and planted it on the lawn.
Algorithm
1. Teacher:
— Guys, beautiful flowers once grew in this clearing. But one day a terrible hurricane swept through here. After him, this is what was left... (The teacher shows the children an empty yellow-brown lawn under a blue sky.)
— Do you like this lawn? Can you call it that? (No.)
- How to make her beautiful? (We need to plant plants.)
-Let's bring this lawn to life. Let's plant flowers and make it beautiful. Flowers will grow on it, elegant butterflies, dragonflies, and bees will fly in. It will be the same as before, and even better. It will delight not only us, but also all people with its beauty.
2. Children are provided with sets of not only cut parts of plants, but also unnecessary items.
3. Children choose what they want and then make a plant, name it and plant it on the lawn.
4. In the process of general work, a colorful picture is obtained depicting a beautiful lawn.
5. Children who excel in completing the task are given the opportunity to place the “arriving” butterflies, dragonflies and bees on the flowers of the lawn.
6. At the end of the game the result is summed up.
House for a pig
Target. Provide initial information about the process of building a house (choosing a location, preparing for construction, procuring building materials, etc.). Develop the ability to plan your activities and work together. Develop the ability to listen to a friend, take into account his opinion, and help.
Material. S. Mikhalkov’s fairy tale “The Three Little Pigs”, cards depicting the characters of the fairy tale, a large picture of a forest, “building materials” (stones, straw, branches drawn and cut out of paper), outlines of houses on which the “building materials” will be glued, a glue stick.
Exercise. Build a house for each pig and tell about the construction process.
Rules
1. 3 - 6 people can take part in the game.
2. Work together in teams; those who interfere with the productive activities of the team bring their team a negative score.
3. If the team independently, without reminding the teacher, decorated its building and the area around it, then it is given additional points.
4. The winner is the team that has no negative points and that completed the task (built the house neatly and beautifully and was able to talk about the construction process).
Algorithm
1. Children are divided into three teams of 2-3 people.
2. Each team chooses one of three piglets: Nif-Nif, Nuf-Nuf or Naf-Naf. Someone they would like to help build a house.
3. Children in teams consult on where it is best to locate their hero’s house and plan joint activities.
4. The construction process takes place.
Miracle flower
Target. To consolidate children's knowledge about the appearance of a flower, its structure (root, stem, leaves, flower, fruit). Introduce the needs of the plant in certain conditions (water, soil, sunlight, air, heat) for normal growth and development. Introduce the stages of development of a living being, the properties, and qualities of a living being. Form generally accepted aesthetic standards. Develop thinking, imagination, speech. Instill a love of nature, the need to care for living beings (in this case, a plant).
Material. A didactic picture divided into two halves: on one half there is a layer of soil and air, on the other there are cards depicting favorable conditions for the growth and development of a plant, stages of a plant’s life, which can be inserted into the first half of the didactic picture in a certain sequence, thereby illustrating plant life cycle.
Tasks
1. Select only those cards that depict the conditions for the successful development of the plant, and insert them into the first half of the picture.
2. Carefully consider the stages of a plant’s life, sequentially talk about them and arrange them in a didactic picture.
Rules
1. The number of players is no more than 5 people.
2. Play in turns.
3. The one who completed the task correctly is considered an expert.
Algorithm
1. The teacher conducts a short conversation with the children, setting them up for the future game.
- We all love flowers - both adults and children. Why do we love them? (For beauty.)
— It’s good when there are a lot of flowers. They decorate our home and lift our spirits. Do you think the flowers are alive, do they feel anything? It turns out that flowers, like any living creature, require care, love, and certain living conditions. Do you have flowers at home? How do you take care of them? What do they need every day?
2. The teacher invites the children to look at the visual material and guess what the game will be about.
3. The teacher introduces the rules of the game and the task.
4. At the end of the game the result is summed up.
Prepare the bunny and squirrel for winter
Target. Introduce children to changes in the color of the fur of forest animals with the arrival of winter, find out the reasons for this phenomenon. To develop the ability to correctly select and make clothes for animals. Develop logical thinking, speech, imagination. Instill interest in natural objects.
Material. Two paintings depicting the same forest in autumn and winter period; a set of bunnies and squirrels who will have to make clothes for the winter; clothing blanks (templates).
Tasks
1. Choose which of the animals you would like to make clothes for.
2. Choose the right clothes and dress the animal in winter clothes.
3. Place it in the forest.
Rules
1. The number of players is 3-4 people.
2. Play together, do not interfere with each other.
Algorithm
1. The teacher conducts a short conversation on the topic.
— Wild animals that live in the forest and domestic animals that live next to humans, when winter comes, replace their light summer outfits with winter ones. Why do you think? (To avoid freezing in the cold winter.)
- You know, today we are visiting kindergarten Bunnies and squirrels galloped up. (Show.)
—They ask you to prepare clothes for them for the winter. Let's fulfill this request.
2. The teacher gives each child a bunny or squirrel and clothing templates (templates).
3. When the children complete all the tasks and place the animals in the winter forest, the teacher asks them two questions:
- Do you think that in such an outfit our bunny (squirrel) will be noticed by a wolf, fox or hunter?
— What can happen if a bunny (squirrel) is noticed?
4. When answering these questions, the child who chose clothes for a bunny or squirrel bright colors(yellow, red, etc.), understands his mistake. He is given the opportunity to fix it.
5. At the end of the game the result is summed up.
Builder
Target. To consolidate children's knowledge about the profession of builders, machines that help build houses, and building materials. Reinforce knowledge about the process of building a house. Strengthen knowledge of ordinal counting (1st, 2nd floor, etc.). Develop the ability to form nouns with the suffix -schik-, -chik- (bricklayer, plumber, crane operator, etc.)
Material. Paintings depicting blocks, panels of houses; paintings depicting machines that help in the construction of houses; flannelgraph; distinctive cards.
Tasks
1. Select mechanisms and materials from a large number proposed for building a house.
2. Establish the sequence of building the house.
3. “Build” a model of the house on a flannelgraph, taking into account all the construction features.
Rules
1. The number of players is 4-5 people.
2. For correct answers, children receive a distinctive card.
3. Those children who actively “built” the house together and have distinctive cards win.
Algorithm
1. The teacher says:
- Today we will be builders. We will build a house. What can it be built from? (Children speak out.)
-Who builds houses? What machines do you think will help us?
2. Children choose from the proposed machines (tractor, car, bulldozer, crane, bus, truck, etc.) the ones they need. Determine the construction sequence.
3. The teacher asks the children:
—What needs to be done before starting construction of a house? (Clear the area.)
- And then? (Children answer.)
4. Children perform play actions. The flannelgraph has a strip of brown paper at the bottom representing the earth. Children choose the machines needed for construction. The bulldozer “rides” along this strip, levels the ground, prepares the site for construction, the excavator “digs a foundation pit” (the middle of the brown paper is removed and a black strip is inserted, symbolizing the laying of the foundation). The faucet is being installed. The installation of “floors” begins, that is, the installation of blocks and panels. Next, the children “install the roof.” After “construction” is completed, “finishing work” begins. Children are given the opportunity to improve the area near the house (“plant” trees, shrubs, flowers, etc. next to it).
5. At the end of the game the result is summed up.
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1 Card index of games to get to know the environment for children 3 7 years old Prepared by the teacher of the kindergarten “Yagodka” Malysheva E.B.
2 plant is possible only after describing any characteristic one by one. A driver is selected from a group of children, the rest are divided into two subgroups. The driver hides the bunny under some plant (tree, bush) so that the other children do not see where the toy is hidden. Then the driver describes the plant (if it is difficult, the teacher helps). Whichever group guesses faster what plant the bunny is under, goes to look for it. For example, a toy is hidden under a pine tree. The leader asks the 1st subgroup a riddle: “This is a tree, it has a strong, mighty trunk” (Answers from the children of the 1st subgroup), to the 2nd subgroup: “The leaves of this tree turn brown in the fall” (Answers from the children of the 2nd subgroup) . “Our friends” Goal: To expand children’s ideas about the lifestyle of animals that live in the house (fish, birds, animals), about caring for them, about their homes, to cultivate a caring attitude, interest and love for them. Material: lotto cards with images of animals: parrot, aquarium fish, parrots, hamster, turtle, etc. Small cards depicting their homes (cage, terrarium, aquarium, box, etc.), food. Lotto cards are distributed to the participants of the game; the presenter has small cards with the image turned down. The presenter takes any card and shows it to the participants. The participant who needs this card raises his hand and explains why this card is needed specifically for his animal. To make it more difficult, you can add squats that are not related to these animals. “Where does it grow?” Goal: to teach children to group vegetables and fruits, to develop quick reaction to the teacher’s word, endurance, and discipline. Rules of the game: sort out the vegetables and fruits, and put some in the garden, others in the garden (imitation of a picture of a garden). The team that quickly puts all the items in their places wins. The children are divided into two teams: vegetable growers and gardeners. Vegetables and fruits (dummies can be used) are laid out on the table. At the teacher’s signal, children sort vegetables and fruits into the ones corresponding to the pictures. The team that finishes the job first wins. Children not participating in the teams check the correctness of the selection. After this, the winning team is announced. The game continues with other teams. “Flower Shop” Purpose: to consolidate children’s knowledge about plants (meadows, indoors, gardens), to consolidate the ability to find the right flower according to the description. Learn to group plants by type. Material: you can use botanical lotto cards, houseplants You can take real ones, but not very large ones. A leader is chosen, he is the seller (first the leading adult, and then you can do the counting), the rest of the children are buyers. The buyer must describe the plant in such a way that the seller can immediately guess what plant he is talking about.
3 “The postman brought a parcel” Purpose: To form and expand children’s ideas about vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, etc., to teach them to describe and recognize objects by description. Material: objects (dummies). Each is individually packaged in a paper bag. You can use riddles. The parcel is brought to the group. The presenter (teacher) distributes parcels to each child. Children look into them and take turns telling what they received in the mail. Children are asked to describe what is in their bag using a description or a riddle. “Edible is not edible” Goal: to form and consolidate children’s knowledge about vegetables and fruits and berries. Develop memory and coordination. Material: Ball. The presenter names a vegetable, fruit, berry or any object, throws the ball to one of the participants, if the object is one of the given ones, then he catches it. You can play with the whole group at once using claps (clap if the item is not one of the given ones) “Wonderful bag” Purpose: To form and consolidate children’s knowledge about different natural objects(animals, vegetables, fruits, etc.). Develop fine motor skills fingers, tactile sensations, speech of children. Material: Beautifully designed bag, various toys imitating animals, real or fake vegetables and fruits. The presenter holds a bag of objects, invites the children to come up one at a time and identify the object by touch without pulling it out, and name the characteristic features. The rest of the children must guess from its description what kind of object it is, which they have not yet seen. After this, the child pulls out an object from the bag and shows it to all the children. “What first, what then?” Goal: To form and consolidate children’s knowledge about the degree of ripeness of vegetables, fruits, the order of growth of various plants, living creatures (fish, birds, amphibians). Material: Cards with different order of maturity of cards for each item (for example: green, small tomato, brown and red), order of growth (seed, sprout, taller sprout, adult plant). Children are given cards with different orders. At the leader’s signal, they must quickly find and line up in order with the required pictures in order.
4 “What insect, name it?” Goal: To develop the concept of “insect” in children. Recognize and name representatives of insects: fly, butterfly, dragonfly, ladybug , bee, bug, grasshopper Didactic material: Cut pictures of insects. Methodology: Children must quickly assemble a picture and name the insect. If someone finds it difficult, you can use riddles. “Tops of Roots” Purpose: To teach children to make a whole from parts. Didactic material: two hoops, pictures of vegetables. Methodology: Option 1. Take two hoops: red, blue. Place them so that the hoops intersect. In the red hoop you need to put vegetables whose roots are used for food, and in the blue hoop you need to put those whose tops are used. The child comes to the table, chooses a vegetable, shows it to the children and puts it in the right circle, explaining why he put the vegetable there. (in the area where the hoops intersect there should be vegetables whose tops and roots are used: onions, parsley, etc. Option 2. The tops and roots of vegetable plants are on the table. Children are divided into two groups: tops and roots. Children of the first groups take the tops, the second roots. At the signal, everyone runs scattered. At the signal “One, two, three, find your pair!” “Guess what’s in your hand” Didactic task. Find out the named object using one of the analyzers. Game action. Run to teacher with an object recognized by touch. Rule. You cannot look at what is in your hand. You need to find out by touch. Progress of the game. Children stand, forming a circle. The teacher lays out vegetables and fruits in their hands behind their back. Then shows everyone, any of the vegetables. Children who have the same one in their hands run up to the teacher on command. Note: The game is recommended for children 3-4 years old “Guess what you ate” Didactic task. Recognize an object using one of the analyzers. Game action. Guessing taste. Rules: You can't look at what you put in your mouth. You have to chew with your eyes closed, and then say what it is. Equipment. Choose vegetables and fruits that vary in taste. Wash them, peel them, then cut them into small pieces. The same objects are laid out on the table in the room where the children are sitting for control and comparison. Progress of the game. Having prepared fruits and vegetables (cut into pieces), the teacher brings them into the group room and treats one of the children, after asking him to close his eyes. Then he says: “Chew well, now tell me you ate it.” Find the same one on the table.” After all the children have completed the task, the teacher treats all children to fruits and vegetables. Note. In the future, you can ask children to name taste sensations. The question should be asked in such a way that, in cases of difficulty, children can choose the appropriate name to determine the taste: “How did it feel in your mouth? "(Bitter, sweet, sour.)
5 “Find something to tell me about” Didactic task. Find objects using the listed characteristics. Game action. Guessing a plant based on its characteristics. Rule. You can name recognized vegetables or fruits only at the request of the teacher. Equipment. Vegetables and fruits are laid out along the edge of the table so that they are clearly visible to all children features items. Progress of the game. The teacher describes in detail one of the objects lying on the table, that is, names the shape of vegetables and fruits, their color and taste. Then the teacher asks one of the children: “Show it on the table, and then name what I told you about.” If the child has completed the task, the teacher describes another object, and another child completes the task. The game continues until all children guess the item from the description. “Describe, I’ll guess” Didactic task. Identify and name the characteristic features of an object in response to questions from an adult. Rules. You cannot name what is being described. Answer the teacher's questions clearly and correctly. Equipment. Vegetables and fruits are laid out on the table. The teacher's chair is placed so that the plants are not visible to him. Progress of the game. The teacher tells the children: “From the vegetables that are on the table, choose one. I will ask what he is like, and you answer. Just don't say its name. I’ll try to guess from your answers.” Then the teacher begins to ask questions in a certain sequence: “What form? Everywhere, like a ball? Are there any holes? What colour?" Etc. Children answer questions in detail. After the children talk about the characteristic features of the object, the teacher guesses riddles. “What’s missing!” Didactic task. Name the plant from memory (without visual control). Game action. Guess which plant is gone. Rule. You cannot watch which plant is being harvested. Equipment. 2 3 plants that are well known to children from previous games are placed on the table. Progress of the game. The teacher invites the kids to look at what plants are on the table and then close their eyes. At this time, the teacher removes one plant. When the children open their eyes, the teacher asks: “Which plant is gone?” If the correct answer is received, the plant is put back in place and the game is repeated with another object. Note. The above games are recommended for children 3-4 years old. “Find a piece of paper that I’ll show you” Didactic task a. Find objects by similarity. Game action. Children running with certain pieces of paper. Rule. Only those who have in their hands the same piece of paper that the teacher showed can run (“fly”) on command. Move and games. During the walk, the teacher shows the children a sheet and asks them to find the same one. The selected leaves are compared by shape, and how they are similar and how they differ is noted. The teacher leaves each person a sheet of paper with different trees(maple, oak, ash, etc.). Then the teacher picks up, for example, a maple leaf and says: “The wind blew. These leaves flew off. Show me how they flew." The children, holding maple leaves in their hands, spin around and stop at the teacher’s command. The game is repeated with different leaves.
6 “When does this happen?” Goal: To teach children to distinguish the signs of the seasons. With the help of poetic words, show the beauty of different seasons, the diversity of seasonal phenomena and people's activities. Didactic material: For each child, pictures with landscapes of spring, summer, autumn and winter, poems about the seasons. Methodology: The teacher reads a poem, and the children show a picture depicting the season mentioned in the poem. “Animals, birds, fish” Purpose: To consolidate the ability to classify animals, birds, fish. Didactic material: Ball. Methodology: Option 1: Children stand in a circle. One of the players picks up an object and passes it to the neighbor on the right, saying: “Here is a bird. What kind of bird? The neighbor accepts the item and quickly answers (the name of any bird). Then he passes the item to another child with the same question. The item is passed around in a circle until the stock of knowledge of the game participants is exhausted. They also play by naming fish and animals. (you cannot name the same bird, fish, or animal). Option 2: The teacher throws the ball to the child and says the word “bird”. The child who catches the ball must pick up a specific concept, for example, “sparrow,” and throw the ball back. The next child must name the bird, but not repeat himself. The game is played in a similar way with the words “animals” and “fish”. “Fold the animal” Purpose: To consolidate children’s knowledge about domestic animals. Learn to describe using the most typical features. Didactic material: pictures depicting different animals (each in two copies). Methodology: one copy of the pictures is whole, and the second is cut into four parts. Children look at whole pictures, then they must put together an image of an animal from the cut parts, but without a model. “The Fourth Extra” Purpose: To consolidate children’s knowledge about insects. Didactic material: No. Methodology: The teacher names four words, the children must name an extra word: 1) hare, hedgehog, fox, bumblebee; 2) wagtail, spider, starling, magpie; 3) butterfly, dragonfly, raccoon, bee; 4) grasshopper, ladybug, sparrow, Chafer; 5) bee, dragonfly, raccoon, bee; 6) grasshopper, ladybug, sparrow, mosquito; 7) cockroach, fly, bee, cockchafer; 8) dragonfly, grasshopper, bee, ladybug; 9) frog, mosquito, beetle, butterfly; 10) dragonfly, moth, bumblebee, sparrow.
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Elena Sergeeva
This card index contains educational games, which can be divided into three criteria:
1. Games for acquaintance with flora and fauna aimed at familiarizing children with the way of life of plants and animals.
2. Games for familiarization with the environment aimed at familiarization with the relationships between living objects and environment.
3. Games for familiarization with the human-created habitat of people and animals, aimed at familiarizing children with various professions and diverse human activities in the world around us.
Didactic games, correctly used in the educational process, are, on the one hand, effective remedy mental, aesthetic and moral education, and on the other – a peculiar Practical activities child on development surrounding reality.
Life in seeds.
Target: Introduce children with a variety of vegetable seeds (seeds of peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers, beans, peas, stages of plant development. Shape the ability to compare seeds and an adult plant of the same species, to distinguish vegetable seeds by shape, color, size.
Material: Vegetable seeds, cards, depicting the stages of development of vegetable crops, special cups with lids and a wet filter.
Rules:
1. The number of players depends on how many sets have been prepared; The number of players can be increased by playing in teams.
2. The winner is the one who told and did everything well and correctly.
Whose trace?
Target: Clarify and consolidate knowledge children about wild animals, about their lifestyle in the winter garden. Introduce the concept"footprints", find out how tracks appear in winter and why they are not visible in summer. Introduce with types of tracks of wild animals, form the ability to correlate an animal with the tracks it left in the winter forest. Develop logical thinking, imagination, coherent speech.
Material: , pictures of wild animals, variety of traces on picture.
1. Look carefully picture winter forest .
2. One after another, express your thoughts and wishes about which of the animals should be placed where.
3. Determine the owner of the tracks (select the one you need from the animals and place it next to its tracks).
2. The child who correctly places the animals in the winter forest wins.
Target. Reveal knowledge children about insects, butterflies. Shape the ability to visually correlate the proportions in the structure of butterflies, shapes and colors with the existing reality in the world of butterflies.
Material.
On the field didactic the game depicts various flowers, among them are inserted Pictures with swirling butterflies (different sizes, proportions, structure).
Exercise. Choose a butterfly that does not exist in nature, tell why you think so.
2. Play in turns.
3. The child who collects wins large quantity non-existent butterflies and will be able to explain why they need to be removed from the meadow of flowers.
Let's put animals in our forest.
Target. Meet children with the habitat of various animals. Find out how the image of an animal and its habitat are related. Develop children's skills, focusing on appearance animal, relate it to its habitat
(land, water, air).
Material. Didactic picture depicting a forest area in which there is a river, various dwellings of wild animals, cards depicting the inhabitants of the forest.
1. Choose one of the animals, think about where it would be convenient for him to live, explain why.
2. Place the animal in a certain house and explain your choice (why can he live in one house or another and cannot live in others).
1. Play as a team (3 teams of 2 – 3 people each).
Mother's outfits are earthly.
Target. Clarify and expand ideas children about the change of seasons, about the main features of each season, natural phenomena characteristic of it.
Material. Didactic picture, divided into four parts (depicting autumn, winter, spring, summer); cards with image natural phenomena (rain, snow, wind).
1. Select cards with the image of those natural phenomena that correspond to a particular time of year, put on the corresponding part didactic picture.
2. Talk about the reasons for the choice.
1. The game can be played by 12 to 16 people.
2. Correct choice of one or another cards discussed only by team members without the involvement of adults or outsiders.
3. The winner is the team that completed the task quickly and without errors.
River fish.
Target. Reveal knowledge children about fish, their structure, and the characteristics of their habitat. Shape the ability to correlate the structure of a living creature with its habitat, with its way of life. Find out how to color river fish helps them hide or defend themselves from other river inhabitants. Develop logical thinking, speech, imagination. Instill an interest in the natural world.
Material. Didactic picture, which depicts a flowing body of water, a river; carved images of river fish.
1. Look carefully at the fish offered.
2. Select only river ones from them and name them.
3. Place in a reservoir in a separate place - where this or that fish likes to live.
1. Number of players: 3 – 4 people.
2. The winner is the one who correctly chose the fish, explained his choice and placed them on didactic picture.
My room.
Target. Identify each child’s ideas about what his room should be like. Find out what objects, things, toys he likes, whether he is interested in books, how the child correlates color schemes, what his mood is. Develop spatial thinking.
Material. Sheets of paper of different colors (empty rooms) one for each child; cards depicting furniture of various colors, toys, curtains (dark and light colors); cards depicting indoor plants, pets, books, computer.
1. Arrange your room.
2. Select cards with objects that you like.
3. Arrange everything yourself.
4. Talk about your choice.
1. The number of players is 5 – 6 people.
2. Work independently.
3. When choosing cards be guided by your opinion.
4. The winner is the one who completes the task faster than others and can clearly explain his actions.
City and village.
Target. Reveal knowledge children about people living in cities and villages, about the types of their activities. Find out what causes the differences. Shape ability to think logically, generalize already known information about the surrounding world. Foster respect for working people.
Material. Cards depicting various objects of the city and village (forest, field, farm, cinema, stadium, factory, urban and rural houses, people different professions (combine operator, poultry house, milkmaids, worker, doctor).
Exercise. One team must make picture of the city, the other - picture of the village.
1. Play in teams (2 teams of 3 – 4 people each).
2. The team that quickly and correctly completes the task wins.
Do the right thing.
Target. Shape the child has ideas about the positive and negative actions of a person in everyday life.
Material. Poem by V. Mayakovsky "What is good and what is bad"; series pictures, which depict children in various everyday situations corresponding to the plots of the poem - examples of both positive and negative behavior children, green and red circles.
1. Carefully consider the received card, evaluate the actions of the heroes.
2. Postpone cards, depicting positive actions in one direction, negative ones in the other.
1. The number of players is 5 – 6 people.
2. For each correct answer, the child or team receives a commendable prize - a sun.
3. Child or team who scored a large number of suns are considered winners.
Types of labor
Target. To give an idea of the physical and mental labor of people in our country. Reveal knowledge children about the activities of people of mental and physical labor, to find out the significance of each type of labor. Develop interest in labor activity of people. Instill respect for working people.
Material. Big map, divided into two parts; one shows a man at a table, the other a man with a hammer, cards depicting a teacher with children, a doctor in a medical office, an engineer with drawings, an astronomer with a telescope, a factory worker, a bus driver, a builder at a construction site.
1. Select cards depicting people physical (for one team) and mental (for another team) labor.
2. Talk about your chosen professions.
1. Children need to be divided into 2 teams of 3-4 people.
2. Each team member takes part in the game.
3. The team whose members completed the task quickly and correctly is declared the winner.
Traffic light
Target. Identify and expand ideas children about the purpose of the street. Strengthen knowledge of road rules movement: behavior on city streets, crossing the roadway at traffic lights (red – stand, yellow – get ready, green – go). Shape the ability to identify with pedestrians, car drivers, law enforcement officers, that is, to play daily life cities.
Material. Models of traffic lights, houses, green spaces, car models (or toy cars, figures of pedestrians, drivers, etc.
1. Choose a figurine for yourself, that is, a piano, which the child will play.
2. Play, understanding traffic situations and following the rules traffic (obey the traffic lights when crossing the street).
1. Number of participants 5 – 6 people.
2. Children who impeccably followed traffic rules are declared the best pedestrians and drivers.
Snowflakes.
Target. Introduce children with the protective properties of snow. Talk about the structure of snowflakes, the variety of patterns and shapes. Strengthen your cutting skills various shapes snowflakes.
Material. Didactic picture of a winter forest(snow only on trees and bushes); pencils, paper, scissors - for each child.
1. The number of players should not exceed 5 - 6 people.
2. Actively participate in the discussion of the problem.
3. Know the rules for working with scissors and glue.
4. Work together as a team.
5. Those children who completed the task and managed to help others win.
Bird nests
Target. Introduce children with a variety of bird nesting species. Consolidate knowledge children about the building materials used by birds in building nests, the process of building nests by birds, the natural adaptations of building birds. Develop the ability to correlate the size of the nest with the size of the birds, the types of natural materials with the builder bird, the characteristics of the bird’s lifestyle depending on the place where it builds its nest.
Material. Two canvases with birds' nests, cards with images of birds - the builders of these nests, sets of building materials for various types nest
Exercise. Place birds in nests according to their preferences (near the water, high above the ground).
1. The number of players should not exceed 6 people.
2. When choosing birds, you should be careful with visual material (cards and sets) .
3. When correlating the bird and its nest, the proposed building material, you must be guided by your knowledge.
4. The winner is the one who can talk about his choice and his conclusions himself, without outside help.
Collect a plant.
Target. Consolidate knowledge children about the structure of a plant, its parts and their significance for plant life.
Material. Big painting with a picture of a lawn (no flowers, grass, etc.) and slots for plants, cut parts of the plant (root, stem, leaves, flower, fruit).
1. Remember what the structure of the plant is.
2. Select from the proposed material something that may be part of the plant.
3. Collect parts of a whole plant, name it and plant it on the lawn.
1. The number of players is from 4 to 6 people.
2. The winner is the one who quickly and correctly collected his plant and planted it on the lawn.
Travel around forest map.
Target. Reveal knowledge in a playful way children about forest inhabitants, dwellings of wild animals, their lifestyle, nutrition. Develop children's skills correlate the appearance of the animal with its habitat, the originality of the construction of its house. Shape the ability to compose a coherent story about a tenant in whose house children ended up, etc.
Material. Big painting, depicting a forest with houses of forest animals and birds. By map forest there is a path of circles, from some of the circles there are red arrows connecting them with the houses of the forest inhabitants, two arrows extending from the houses (green and blue).
Exercise. Follow the circles to the finish line, naming the animals' houses and their owners.
1. Number of players: 4 – 6 people.
2. Play in turns.
3. The number of dots dropped on a thrown dice indicates the number of steps - circles along forest map.
4. If you get into the circle from which the red arrow departs, you should move along it to the house of the forest dweller. In this case, the child must say the name of the home and tell about the owner.
5. The one who told everything correctly. Has the right to move forward along the green arrow. The one who answered incorrectly moves backward along the blue arrow and waits for help from other players.
6. Other players, when they get to him, try to help him with correct answers that will allow him to move forward.
7. The winner is the one who reaches the finish line first, having correctly described the houses of the forest inhabitants he encountered.
Who is this chicken?
Target. Introduce with the stages of development of a living being (chicken, with the conditions necessary for its favorable development. Develop the ability children correlate a living object with its environment, with its family (mother is a chicken, father is a rooster, with predators that are dangerous for itself and its family, with how it adapts to its environment, with its way of life. Identify the relationship between the type of food with the structure of a living being, etc.
Material. Didactic the game is presented in the form of puzzles, on each puzzle picture- a fragment of the life of a living creature in real or fairy-tale life.
Exercise. Connect individual puzzles into a single puzzle picture, talk about the living creature depicted in the puzzles.
1. Number of players: 3 – 6 people.
2. Maintain order in the game
3. Play together, together.
4. The winner is the one who copes best with both the individual and group tasks.
Target. Consolidate knowledge children about types of furniture. Used by people in their apartments, in the living room, bedroom, kitchen, etc., the arrangement of furniture, accessories, the place of indoor plants in the house. To consolidate knowledge about household appliances and their purposes, about decorating an apartment (flowers, carpets). Develop spatial thinking.
Material. Sheets of paper of various sizes and colors (empty rooms)– one for each child; cards depicting household items, furniture, books, indoor plants, wallpaper, carpets, curtains, pets.
Exercise. Furnish the selected room and talk about your activities.
1. There are so many people involved in the game children, how many sheets have been prepared - rooms and sets of furniture, indoor plants.
2. The task is carried out individually; you cannot consult with your comrades.
3. The winner is the one who decorates his premises faster than others. (living room, bedroom) and talk about his activities as a designer.
Cook.
Target. Reveal knowledge children about products which adults use to prepare a certain dish (for example, borscht); About. What tools and utensils do they use? Shape the ability to correlate the amount of food needed for cooking; plan your activities.
Material. Utensils for various uses (kitchen, camping, dining room); Pictures depicting various food products (sausage, meat, frankfurters, eggs, potato) ; cards, depicting the cooking process; knife, spoon, ladle.
1. Think about and choose dishes for preparing the dish.
2. Choose the right products in the right quantities.
3. Post cards depicting the cooking process of this dish in the correct sequence.
4. Talk about the cooking process
1. The number of players is from 2 to 3 people.
2. The one who gets it right wins. "will prepare a dish" and will be able to tell you about the cooking technology.
Didactic games to familiarize children 2-3 years old with the world around them
Exploring the natural world
Find the same leaf
Introduce your child to the concept of “leaf fall.”
Collect fallen leaves. Together with your baby, inhale this unique smell of autumn foliage, hold the leaves up to the light, and admire their color and vein pattern.
Place birch and maple leaves in front of your baby and draw his attention to their differences in color, size and shape. Then, show your child, for example, a maple leaf and ask him to find the same one. Then try to find the tree from which that leaf fell.
Sort the leaves
Take an armful of leaves and place them on a bench. Then invite the baby to arrange all the leaves into two piles according to some specific characteristic: large and small leaves; yellow and red; birch and maple.
What does it look like?
Collecting natural material, determine what it looks like. For example, a cone - for a hedgehog, an acorn cap - for a real cap, ash and maple wings - for flower petals, etc.
When you return home, you can make appropriate crafts.
Autumn wreath
Show your child how to weave autumn leaves wreath. Take a photo of your child wearing this fall wreath.
Birds and animals
Prepare figurines of various animals or cards with their images. Look at the animals with your child and highlight their common characteristics (they have a head, ears, nose, body, paws, tail, their bodies are covered with fur). In the same way, look at and comment on the images of birds (they have a head, a beak, no ears or nose, their bodies are covered with feathers). Then invite your child to distribute all the cards into two groups: birds and animals.
Domestic and wild animals
Draw a house and a forest. Prepare cards with images of domestic animals and inhabitants of our forests. Invite your child to classify the animals into those that live near people and those that can only be found in the forest.
Who's flying?
You show your child object pictures depicting various animals. If this animal flies (crow, dragonfly, etc.) - the child waves his arms as if he is flying. If the animal cannot fly, the child does nothing or claps his hands. You can also depict who can swim (crocodile, duck, fish) or who can jump (grasshopper, frog, cat).
Third wheel
You can offer your child the game “third wheel”. Place three cards in front of him: two mushrooms and one apple. Ask what is unnecessary here. At first, the “extra” item should be significantly different from the other two (two potatoes and a penguin, two oranges and a pine cone), a little later the difference should be less pronounced (two apples and a pear, two porcini mushrooms and a russula).
What's in the basket?
Place vegetables and fruits in the basket (1 - 2 pieces of each type). Let the child take them out of the basket one at a time and name them. You can also put it in two bowls - vegetables and fruits. Or draw a tree and a bed on cardboard and lay the fruits on them. Or an even more interesting task is to “cook” compote and soup: put fruits in a jar and vegetables in a pan.
Exploring the world of objects
What's in the box?
The box contains various items (a button, a comb, a felt-tip pen, a book, etc.). The child takes them out in turn, names them and says why they are needed.
Transport
Take one car out of the box at a time: car, truck, bus. Examine and note the material from which each machine is made, its color, purpose, etc. Highlight their common features (all cars have wheels, a steering wheel, a cabin) and their differences.
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Dishes
Draw a cabinet with shelves on a piece of paper with a pencil. Say that now you need to fill the cupboard with dishes. Let the child tell you what to draw, and you will “arrange”: a cup, a pan, a teapot, etc.
Select items
Various items are laid out on the table. Invite your child to choose only those items that will help him wash himself in the morning (soap, towel, toothbrush, toothpaste) or items that are necessary for food (plate, spoon, fork).
Clothes and shoes
Select subject pictures with images of clothing, or you can use illustrations from books. Based on the pictures, discuss with your child what clothes and shoes should be worn when it is cold or, conversely, hot outside.
Dressing up the doll
Take the doll. Invite your child to go for a walk with her, but first he will have to choose clothes for her according to the weather (if it’s winter now, then you need to dress her in a warm fur coat, hat, boots).
Looking at story pictures
In order to study the environment, plot pictures are very suitable, where, for example, the furnishings of a room are depicted - then you can discuss with your child what a table, a chair is needed for, what is put away on shelves and what is stored in a closet, etc.
Introduction to work
Wash
Pour water into a basin for your child, fill it with foam and offer to wash handkerchiefs or doll clothes. And then rinse the laundry in a basin with clean water. And of course, it’s a special pleasure for a child to hang it all up to dry on a line, securing it with clothespins.
Washing dishes
Sometimes doll dishes also need to be washed. Prepare two basins: one with soapy water, the second with clean water. Show your child how to first wash dishes in the first basin with a sponge, and then rinse them in the second and dry them with a towel.
Conversations based on pictures
With your child, look at story pictures that depict people’s work: “A bus driver is carrying children,” “A doctor is treating a boy,” “A gardener is planting trees,” etc. Discuss what is drawn: who is shown in the picture, what each of them is doing, what would happen if there were no doctors, teachers, educators, etc.
Material for the lesson.
This card index contains didactic games that can be divided according to three criteria:
1. Games for familiarization with flora and fauna, aimed at introducing children to the way of life of plants and animals.
2. Games for familiarization with the environment, aimed at becoming familiar with the relationships between living objects and the environment.
3. Games for familiarization with the human-created habitat of people and animals, aimed at familiarizing children with various professions and various human activities in the world around us.
Didactic games, correctly used in the educational process, are, on the one hand, an effective means of mental, aesthetic and moral education, and on the other hand, they are a kind of practical activity for the child to master the surrounding reality.
Life in seeds.
Goal: To introduce children to the variety of vegetable seeds (seeds of peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers, beans, peas, stages of plant development. To develop the ability to compare seeds and an adult plant of the same species, to distinguish vegetable seeds by shape, color, size.
Materials: Vegetable seeds, cards depicting the stages of vegetable development, special cups with lids and a wet filter.
1. The number of players depends on how many sets have been prepared; The number of players can be increased by playing in teams.
2. The winner is the one who told and did everything well and correctly.
Whose trace?
Goal: To clarify and consolidate children’s knowledge about wild animals and their way of life in the winter garden. Introduce the concept of “traces”, find out how traces appear in winter and why they are not visible in summer. To introduce the types of tracks of wild animals, to develop the ability to correlate the animal with the tracks it left in the winter forest. Develop logical thinking, imagination, coherent speech.
Material: Didactic picture of a winter forest, pictures of wild animals, a variety of traces in the picture.
1. Carefully examine the picture of the winter forest.
2. One after another, express your thoughts and wishes about which of the animals should be placed where.
3. Determine the owner of the tracks (select the desired one from the animals and place it next to its tracks).
1. The number of players should not exceed 6 people.
2. The child who correctly places the animals in the winter forest wins.
Target. Reveal children's knowledge about insects and butterflies. To develop the ability to visually correlate the proportions in the structure of butterflies, shapes and colors with the existing reality in the world of butterflies.
Material.
Various flowers are depicted on the field of the didactic game, among them there are pictures with whirling butterflies (of different sizes, proportions, structure).
Exercise. Choose a butterfly that does not exist in nature, tell why you think so.
2. Play in turns.
3. The winner is the child who collects the most non-existent butterflies and is able to explain why they need to be removed from the meadow of flowers.
Let's put animals in our forest.
Target. Introduce children to the habitats of various animals. Find out how the image of an animal and its habitat are related. To develop children’s ability, based on the appearance of the animal, to relate it to its environment
(land, water, air).
Material. A didactic picture depicting a forest area in which there is a river, various dwellings of wild animals, cards depicting forest inhabitants.
1. Choose one of the animals, think about where it would be convenient for him to live, explain why.
2. Move the animal into a certain house and explain your choice (why he can live in one house or another and cannot live in others).
1. Play in a team (3 teams of 2 - 3 people each).
Mother's outfits are earthly.
Target. Clarify and expand children's ideas about the change of seasons, the main features of each season, and the natural phenomena characteristic of it.
Material. A didactic picture, divided into four parts (depicting autumn, winter, spring, summer); cards depicting natural phenomena (rain, snow, wind).
1. Select cards depicting those natural phenomena that correspond to a particular time of year and place them on the corresponding part of the didactic picture.
2. Talk about the reasons for the choice.
1. The game can be played by 12 to 16 people.
2. The correct choice of a particular card is discussed only by team members without the involvement of adults and outsiders.
3. The winner is the team that completed the task quickly and without errors.
River fish.
Target. Reveal children's knowledge about fish, their structure, and the characteristics of their habitat. To develop the ability to correlate the structure of a living creature with its environment and way of life. Find out how the coloring of river fish helps them hide or protect themselves from other river inhabitants. Develop logical thinking, speech, imagination. Instill an interest in the natural world.
Material. A didactic picture depicting a flowing pond, a river; carved images of river fish.
1. Look carefully at the fish offered.
2. Select only river ones from them and name them.
3. Place in a reservoir in a separate place - where this or that fish likes to live.
1. Number of players: 3 – 4 people.
2. The winner is the one who correctly chose the fish, explained his choice and placed them on the didactic picture.
My room.
Target. Identify each child’s ideas about what his room should be like. Find out what objects, things, toys he likes, whether he is interested in books, how the child correlates color schemes, what his mood is. Develop spatial thinking.
Material. Sheets of paper of different colors (empty rooms), one for each child; cards depicting furniture of various color shades, toys, curtains (dark and light tones); cards depicting indoor plants, pets, books, computer.
1. Arrange your room.
2. Choose cards with items you like.
3. Arrange everything yourself.
4. Talk about your choice.
1. The number of players is 5 – 6 people.
2. Work independently.
3. When choosing cards, use your own opinion.
4. The winner is the one who completes the task faster than others and can clearly explain his actions.
City and village.
Target. Reveal children's knowledge about people living in cities and villages, about the types of their activities. Find out what causes the differences. To develop the ability to think logically and generalize already known information about the world around us. Foster respect for working people.
Material. Cards depicting various objects of the city and village (forest, field, farm, cinema, stadium, factory, urban and rural houses, people of different professions (combine operator, poultry house, milkmaids, worker, doctor).
Exercise. One team must create a picture of the city, the other - a picture of the village.
1. Play in teams (2 teams of 3-4 people each).
2. The team that quickly and correctly completes the task wins.
Do the right thing.
Target. To form in the child ideas about the positive and negative actions of a person in everyday life.
Material. Poem by V. Mayakovsky “What is good and what is bad”; a series of pictures depicting children in various everyday situations corresponding to the plots of the poem - examples of both positive and negative behavior of children, green and red circles.
1. Carefully examine the card received and evaluate the actions of the heroes.
2. Set aside cards depicting positive actions in one direction and negative ones in the other.
1. The number of players is 5 – 6 people.
2. For each correct answer, the child or team receives a commendable prize - a sun.
3. The child or team that collects a large number of suns is considered the winner.
Types of labor
Target. To give an idea of the physical and mental labor of people in our country. Identify children’s knowledge about the activities of people with mental and physical labor, find out the significance of each type of labor. Develop interest in people's work activities. Instill respect for working people.
Material. Large map divided into two parts; one depicts a man at a table, the other a man with a hammer, cards depicting a teacher with children, a doctor in a medical office, an engineer with drawings, an astronomer with a telescope, a factory worker, a bus driver, a builder at a construction site.
1. Select cards depicting people with physical (for one team) and mental (for another team) labor.
2. Talk about your chosen professions.
1. Children need to be divided into 2 teams of 3-4 people.
2. Each team member takes part in the game.
3. The team whose members completed the task quickly and correctly is declared the winner.
Traffic light
Target. Identify and expand children’s ideas about the purpose of the street. To consolidate knowledge about the rules of the road: behavior on city streets, crossing the roadway at traffic lights (red - stand, yellow - get ready, green - go). To develop the ability to identify oneself with pedestrians, car drivers, and law enforcement officers, that is, to role-play the everyday life of the city.
Material. Models of traffic lights, houses, green spaces, car models (or toy cars, figures of pedestrians, drivers, etc.
1. Choose a figurine for yourself, that is, a piano, which the child will play.
2. Play, analyzing traffic situations and observing traffic rules (obey the traffic lights when crossing the street).
1. Number of participants 5 – 6 people.
2. Children who impeccably followed traffic rules are declared the best pedestrians and drivers.
Snowflakes.
Target. Introduce children to the protective properties of snow. Talk about the structure of snowflakes, the variety of patterns and shapes. Strengthen the ability to cut out various shapes of snowflakes.
Material. Didactic picture of a winter forest (snow only on trees and bushes); pencils, paper, scissors - for each child.
1. The number of players should not exceed 5 - 6 people.
Dulina Kristina Andreevna
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