Types of trees, their descriptions, photos, interesting facts. Tree - classification, structure Deciduous trees in ascending order

There are countless types of trees, and all this diversity performs the main function on our planet - it takes care of purifying the air from carbon dioxide. Photos of tree varieties, as well as names of tree species, are widely presented in both specialized and educational literature. Here you can not only get acquainted with such information, but also learn many interesting facts about green spaces

Trees of different species are not so difficult to distinguish from each other if you know what kind of crowns and leaves they have. But if the crowns of trees are sometimes shaped by people, then the shape of the leaves of representatives of the same species is unchanged. However, the leaves of different types of trees are so different that scientists have come up with special names for them.

Leaves that have one leaf blade that falls off entirely in the fall are called simple. They can be solid, like those of birch and apple trees, and lobed, like those of maple. Compound leaves can be trifoliate, like those of clover and strawberry, or palmate, like those of. Complex leaves are also considered to be odd-pinnate leaves, in which several leaves are attached to a petiole ending in one leaf, like that of acacia, as well as pair-pinnately compound leaves, in which the petiole ends with two leaves.

In the photo of tree species below, you can see the leaves of both varieties:

What kind of birch? Brief description and features of birch

Speaking about what types of trees there are, we should start with the birch - the symbol of Russia. Birch is considered one of the most common trees Northern Hemisphere. In total there are about 60 species of birch.

The photo of this type of tree (the name of which comes from the ancient Indo-European word “bergos”, meaning “to glow, to turn white”) clearly shows that the birch bark is indeed white. Many songs, poems and legends are dedicated to this beauty, because she is part of the culture of the Slavs, Scandinavians, Finno-Ugric peoples and North American Indians.

Short description birch: height up to 30-45 m with a trunk girth of 120-150 cm, but there are also shrubs and dwarf trees. The peculiarity of birch is the white color of the bark, which it owes to the white resinous substance betulin, which fills the cavities of the cells. The outer part of the bark - birch bark - peels off easily. But in old trees, the bark on the lower part of the trunk is dark and covered with cracks. Birch lives 100-120 years, but some trees live up to 400!

Birch flowers are collected in inflorescences - earring-shaped thyrsuses, which are known to everyone under the name “earrings”. The birch fruit is a small, almost imperceptible nut, and its seeds are very light - 1g. there are about 5000 of them.

When talking about what birch is like, one description is not enough. It is important to talk about her valuable qualities. Birch has been serving people for a long time. She gives wood, bark, Birch juice, healing buds and leaves. Birch bark is particularly durable due to the resinous substances it contains. In Rus' 1000 years ago they wrote and drew on birch bark. In Novgorod and other cities, archaeologists have found hundreds of ancient Russian manuscripts. And today beautiful paintings are created on birch bark.

Birch is light-loving and grows quickly. It overtakes other trees, prevents them from developing, and even knocks down pine cones with its long and thin branches. However, young spruce trees get along well with birch trees - they are not afraid of the shadow, and the branches of the spruce trees are directed downwards, so they are not “scared” by birch branches. Birch trees reproduce simply - their extremely light seeds are carried at a distance of about 100 m from the mother tree.

Chestnut tree: what fruits do chestnuts have, interesting facts

Chestnuts decorate the streets of many cities. In spring they sparkle with white and pink candle-like inflorescences, and towards autumn they produce glossy brown fruits, beautiful but inedible. However, there is one chestnut with edible fruits that grows further south. Both trees, although they have the same name, are far from related - they belong to different families. And even their leaves are of different shapes.

Chestnut belongs to the beech family. Some species, especially chestnut, have long been cultivated as fruit trees, and their wood is also used. This beautiful tree with a spherical crown is planted in parks. Chestnuts are sensitive to drought, so they are sometimes grown above beer and wine cellars to ensure they receive enough moisture.

What fruit the chestnut has is clearly visible in the photo. The fruits of chestnut and related species are nuts with a prickly skin. They are very difficult to hold in your hands. But the nuts themselves are very useful. IN southern countries Chestnut fruits are eaten raw, baked and fried, and are also used to make a powder that is added to flour.

Why was it called horse chestnut? The familiar chestnut, known in Europe since the 16th century, is not a chestnut at all. It belongs to the Sapindaceae family, not the Beech family. There are several versions of why it was called horse. According to one of them, horses were fed and treated with flour from its fruits, inedible for humans. According to another version, the color of its fruits resembles the color of a bay horse.

The fruits of the horse chestnut tree are a tricuspid capsule enclosed in a spiny rind. It opens through the doors. These large shiny fruits are inedible. But the flour obtained from them is used to produce not only certain medical preparations, but also glue, which in the old days was used for book bindings.

An interesting fact about the chestnut is included in the Guinness Book of Records. An amazing specimen of a tree, which is more than 3000 years old, grows on the island of Sicily, on the slope of Mount Etna. It was called the “chestnut of a hundred horses” thanks to an ancient legend, according to which more than 600 years ago a hundred knights, without dismounting their horses, were able to hide under it from the rain. In 1780, the girth of its trunk was 57.9 m. This chestnut is included in the Guinness Book of Records as the thickest tree. True, over time it split, and today it has not one trunk, but several, but they all grow from one common root.

Dragon tree dracaena and its photo

An ancient Indian legend tells that once on the island of Socotra in the Arabian Sea there lived a dragon who hunted elephants and drank their blood. One day the dragon was unlucky: an elephant crushed him, and where their blood mixed, a tree grew, which was called “dracaena,” that is, “dragoness.” Nowadays dracaena is also called “dragon tree”. And the origins of the legend can be found in the plant itself. If you cut its trunk, resin comes out, which quickly hardens and turns red. This resin is called “dragon’s blood.”

The Sinnobar dracaena or dragon tree, growing in Socotra, looks like a giant fancy umbrella. Crown young tree- this is a cap of linear-xiphoid, pointed leaves.

As you can see in the photo of the dracaena (dragon tree), there are additional branches on the trunk, each of which ends in a dense bunch of such leaves.

A relative of Dracaena Sinnobarskaya- dragon's dracaena - grows in the Canary Islands. Like all its relatives, it begins to bear fruit only at the age of 30-40, and can grow for centuries. But the dragon tree does not have growth rings, so it is not easy to determine its true age. The Guanches, the indigenous people of the Canary Islands, considered the dragon tree sacred, and its resin was used for embalming. Nowadays, the sharp, leathery leaves of dracaena are used as material for brushes.

Which tree sheds its bark? Eucalyptus and its homeland

Australia, New Guinea and Indonesia are considered the birthplace of eucalyptus trees, where there are more than a hundred species. These are both shrubs and tall ones. This is one of the few trees that sheds bark rather than leaves. In autumn, their superficial, thin, coral-red bark falls off, revealing an underlying green layer that gradually turns red. In some eucalyptus trees the bark is smooth and comes off in long strips, while in others it is covered with scales and remains on the trunk and thick branches. The wood of these trees is also unusual: depending on their type, it can be white, yellow or red.

Relict eucalyptus forests of Australia

Relict eucalyptus forests of Australia are a common sight on the Green Continent. These trees are light-loving and grow in both dry and wet places. They are famous for their wood, bark and gum, a sugary substance that comes from the trunk and is used to prepare various medicines.

The Australian tea tree, from which the healing oil is extracted, is actually a relative of the eucalyptus and has no relation to the Camellia sinensis, from whose leaves the tea is made.

Koalas have chosen eucalyptus trees as a home, or marsupial bears. These animals are not related to real bears. Koalas spend their entire lives on eucalyptus trees, feeding on leaves, crushing them, chewing them and storing them in their cheek pouches. When they eat, you should not disturb their calm, otherwise these “bears” may get angry and use their sharp claws and teeth.

Rainbow eucalyptus grows wild on many tropical islands. It is interesting for its bark, which not only changes color with age, but in mature trees it shimmers with all the colors of the rainbow.

Mighty baobab trees grow in the vastness of the African savannah. This variety of trees received its scientific name - Adansonia palmata - in honor of the French scientist Michel Adanson and thanks to its five or seven-fingered leaves. The tree is famous for its size - the height of the baobab can reach 40 m, and the thick trunk in diameter is about 10 m. And it is believed that this giant can exist for 5,000 years. Baobabs grow not only in Africa, but also in Madagascar and Australia.

The trunk of a baobab tree is capable, like a sponge, of storing water reserves. Its long roots absorb moisture deep underground - this allows the tree to survive dry seasons.

Baobab flowers reach 20 cm in diameter. Moreover, they bloom only one night, and pollinate them the bats. And the next morning the flowers wither, acquiring a putrid smell, and fall off.

Baobab fruits are somewhat similar to pumpkins - they have a lot of seeds, pulp inside and a hard peel on the outside. They are healthy and high in calories. Monkeys love them, so baobab has another name - monkey breadfruit.

During the dry season, baobabs shed their leaves, but during the rainy season they again show off their green crowns. An interesting fact about the baobab tree is that Africans not only eat its fruits, but also use the leaves for sourdough and to treat malaria. In addition, fiber is obtained from the bast layer, which is located under the bark, and strong ropes and threads are made. There is even a proverb in Senegal: “Helpless as an elephant tied with a baobab rope.” The baobab is considered a sacred tree in Africa.

Huge hollows often form in the trunk of the baobab tree. In Africa they are used as water reservoirs. And in one Australian town, a prison was set up in a hollow baobab tree with a trunk 6 m in diameter.

Elephants, unlike monkeys, eat not only baobab fruits. They gather near a tree, break its branches, tear off the bark, leaves and eat it all. Therefore, it is rare to find a tree with an intact crown - most often it is partially eaten away. It’s not for nothing that the baobab tree is also called the elephant snack bar.

What types of trees are there: Tule

What types of trees are there that are the subject of legends? In many countries they talk about a tree that unites the entire universe. Its branches are a symbol of the sky, its trunk is earthly world, and the roots are of the underworld. One biblical legend speaks of a tree of life that grew in the middle of the Garden of Eden. And today on Earth there are trees about which legends are composed and which are sometimes given the old name - “tree of life”.

Tule tree is the name given to Taxodium Mexicana from the cypress family, which grows in the city of Santa Maria del Tule. Its trunk is considered the thickest in the world and has a girth of 36.2 m and a diameter of 11.62 m. The legend of the local Zapotec Indians says that this tree was planted by the priest of the wind god Ehecatl about 1,400 years ago.

Some people notice images of various animals on the giant tree trunk, which is why it is called the tree of life.

For 300 years, in the Tenere desert, on the border with the Sahara, an acacia tree, nicknamed the “Tenere tree,” grew, and there was nothing within a radius of 400 km around it. It was rightfully considered the loneliest tree on Earth. It was fed by deep underground waters. All travelers took care of this tree. But in 1973, a lone acacia tree was hit by a truck with a drunk driver. The remains of the acacia tree were moved to the National Museum of Niger, and a metal tree was installed in its place.

Long-lived tree: Methuselah pine

The oldest single tree on our planet grows in the American state of California. This is an intermountain bristlecone pine, which is already about 4900 years old. She even has a name - Methuselah, given in honor of the legendary biblical character who lived 969 years.

Now tourists are not allowed near the long-lived pine Methuselah, so that they do not dismantle the tree for souvenirs.

In the desert of Bahrain, an island nation in the Persian Gulf, there is a lone acacia tree, which locals also call the “tree of life.” They believe that it was in this place that the Garden of Eden was located. Today it remains a mystery how this acacia survives in the sands - after all, there is no water nearby. The most plausible version is that root system near the tree it spreads very widely and feeds from distant sources. The tree of life reaches a height of 9.6 m.

Sequoia tree: photos and interesting facts

The evergreen sequoia tree is considered national symbol California. This plant is a member of the cypress family and is sometimes called "mahogany." But sequoiadendron - a representative of a different genus - received the name “ giant sequoia" IN wildlife these trees grow on the Pacific coast of North America. Some specimens of sequoia reach a height of more than 100 m. An interesting fact about sequoia is that these trees are among the tallest on Earth, their age is 3,500 years.

Fifteen of the surviving evergreen sequoias are over 110 m tall, and the record was set by a sequoia called “Hyperion.” Its height, measured in 2006, was 115 m. Scientists believe that in principle any tree cannot reach 122-123 m, because the force of gravity will not allow tree sap to rise to such a height.

Sequoiadendron "General Sherman" named after the participant civil war in USA. This tree is not the tallest (only 83.8 m), but in terms of wood volume it is a world record holder - 1487 m3. And the age of this giant is 2300-2700 years.

See other photos of the sequoia tree in the photo gallery below:

Photo gallery

Sequoia National Park, founded in 1890, is famous for its sequoiadendron, which is also called the “mammoth tree” for its size and the resemblance of its giant branches to mammoth tusks. For millions of years, sequoiadendrons grew throughout the northern hemisphere, but today only 30 groves remain, including in national park. In addition, there is a museum dedicated to the history of sequoiadendrons. An arch was cut into the trunk of the sequoiadendron through which a person could pass.

They have always tried to name giant trees in honor of outstanding people. The scientific name of sequoiadendron - "Wellingtonia" comes from the name of the English commander-in-chief, the winner of Waterloo. And the genus of these trees is named after Sequoia (George Hess) (c. 1770 - c. 1843) - the Cherokee Indian leader who invented the Cherokee alphabet and founded the first newspaper in this language.

The function that trees perform is difficult to overestimate. A huge number of their species pass through incredible volumes of air every second, purifying it of carbon dioxide and other harmful impurities, being the lungs of our planet. From each other different types It is quite easy to distinguish trees if you know what shape of foliage and crown a particular type of tree has.

As of 2015, there were more than three trillion trees worldwide. Moreover, Russia ranks first in terms of their number. However, due to deforestation and forest fires, the number of trees is inexorably declining.

Plant taxonomy

A species in botany is a collection of individuals that have similar characteristics and originate from the seeds of one plant, the properties of which are inherited. Tree species, in turn, are divided into subspecies, forms and varieties.

Any plant has a name consisting of two words. The first designates its genus, and the second determines its species name. For example, common spruce or European larch.

All plant names have Latin names and are also double. Such names are accepted in all countries and are international. In the first Latin word that always begins with capital letter, the plant’s belonging to one or another genus is indicated, and in the second, the plant’s belonging to the species. For example, Larix decidua (European larch).

In turn, plant varieties can be divided into groups or breeds. The largest of them:

1. Deciduous;
2. Conifers.

Types of trees in Russia

Apart from Russia, not all countries can boast of the abundance and diversity of forests. Perhaps only Brazil and Canada are the only closest competitors.

The most famous trees of central Russia have been sung in songs since ancient times, poems have been written about them, and prose has been written about them. Birch, aspen, pine, oak, willow and other species have been included in folklore. It is worth noting that conifers are the most numerous species in Russia.

The main names of coniferous trees in Russia:

• Scots fir;
• Norway spruce;
• Cedar pine;
• European larch.

Scots fir

Fir mainly grows in the European part of Russia. However, it is found in Siberia and the Caucasus. The height of the plant can reach up to 50 meters, with a meter-thick trunk. The lifespan of this powerful evergreen tree ranges from 500 to 700 years.

Scots fir has a sharp and clearly defined crown cone, and the shiny needles with a dark shade are decorated with white stripes in the stomata with reverse side. The color of the bark of this plant is light gray, but you can find trunks with a reddish tint.

At the age of about 40-50 years, the fir begins to bear fruit. Fir cones, bark and pine needles are widely used in folk medicine to prepare various infusions and decoctions.

Norway spruce

In Russia, spruce is a forest-forming species and grows throughout the country. The height of this plant reaches 35 meters, but there are giants up to 50 meters.

The crown of the spruce is in the shape of a regular cone, which descends to the very ground. The upper part of the crown is always sharp and never changes its shape.

The spruce needles are tetrahedral, flattened, shiny and dark green in color, needle-shaped. The length of such needles reaches 2-3 centimeters or more. Near the ground, the trunk diameter of an adult spruce ranges from 80 to 120 cm. Spruce grows throughout its entire life, sometimes reaching 300 years of age.

Cedar pine

Siberian cedar, or cedar pine, is a plant with a trunk width of up to one and a half meters and a height of up to 45 m. The needles of cedar pine are triangular, growing in small bunches. Among the pine family, cedar is one of its most ancient representatives. The tree lives up to 500 - 600 years, and under favorable conditions - up to 800.

In the Urals in the last century, according to some reports, it was possible to find cedar pines with a trunk up to two meters wide. Nowadays it is impossible to meet such giants. They have long been gone not only in the Urals, but even in Siberia.

The trunk is slender and begins to branch at a height of 1.5-2 meters. The bark in small cracks is gray or brownish-red. The needles are triangular, collected in bunches of 5 needles. The cedar crown has a pyramidal shape and is dark green with a gray tint.

European larch

European larch is the most common species among all others in its family. Its height can reach 50 meters, but most often - 25-40 m. The crown of larch does not always have the shape of a regular cone. The bark is scaly and thin, and in mature trees - with cracks.

Larch needles are light green in color; sometimes you can see the coloring with a bluish coating. On short shoots, needles grow in bunches.

The tree grows in the European part of the country and in the Urals, and the maximum life age reaches 500 years.

The most numerous representatives of deciduous species in Russia:

• Common birch;
• Small-leaved linden;
• English oak;
• Common aspen;
• Norway maple.

Common birch

The famous birch tree grows in central Russia, and its habitat extends from hot subtropics to areas with a very harsh climate. A mature tree reaches 40 meters in height and up to one and a half meters in width.

The color of the tree bark is white or pink with a brown tint; sometimes you can find birch trees with a yellowish-white trunk. Young birch branches red-brown in color with characteristic dark warts.

Small-leaved linden

This tree grows from the west of Russia to the Urals. The height of the trunk ranges from 20 to 30 meters, and the spherical crown gives it a majestic appearance. The crown diameter can reach from 15 to 20 meters. The tree lives up to 600 years.

Lipa is famous for its beneficial properties, thanks to which its leaves are actively used in cooking. Many traditional medicine recipes based on leaves, bark and even roots of small-leaved linden.

The tree is an excellent honey plant. Its persistent aroma actively attracts bees, and the honey is viscous, healing and tasty, of the highest quality.

English oak

Tree of the beech family. Another name is common oak. The crown of the tree is wide-pyramidal or spherical with large massive branches.

Young trees have gray bark, while mature trees have dark bark with large cracks. The height of the tree reaches 50 meters, and the width is up to 2 m. The average life expectancy of this plant is 500 years.

Oak leaves are lobed with a characteristic toothed-rounded edge of a simple shape. By mid-autumn, the oak begins to ripen fruits - acorns.

Common aspen

The habitat of this plant is places with cold and temperate climates throughout Russia. The aspen trunk, which has a wedge shape, reaches a height of up to 35 meters, with a diameter of 1 meter.

The tree lives only up to 90 years and only in rare cases up to 150. Young trees have greenish-gray smooth bark, but in adults it becomes darker and cracks.

Aspen is very rich in beneficial properties. Since ancient times, the bark of this tree has been added to food, after being dried and crushed. It relieved fatigue, which was especially important for taiga residents.

Norway maple

Known for the unique shape of its leaves, the plant reaches 30 meters in height. IN good conditions maple can live up to 200 years. The reddish-gray hue and smooth bark distinguishes young trees from older trees, whose bark is darker and cracked.

Maple leaves are up to 20 cm in diameter with pronounced veins and five lobes, the lower two being small and the upper three being large. In autumn, maple becomes especially beautiful when its leaves begin to turn brown, red, and yellow.

The most common maple is in the European part of Russia and the Caucasus, in broadleaf and mixed forests. The sap, leaves and shoots of maple are widely used in folk medicine.

Trees of Moscow

In the parks of the capital you can even find species that are not typical for this area, some of which were planted and grown specially.

Moscow's main botanical garden and arboretum literally abound with many varieties of trees. Among them the most common are: rowan, poplar, chestnut, aspen, pear, apple, oak, elm, ash, willow, willow, lilac, yellow acacia, white acacia, viburnum, rose hips.

While exotic plant species can be found in Moscow parks, species that usually grow in the European part of Russia are planted in the courtyards and streets of the city. Every year, planned events are carried out to plant new young seedlings throughout Moscow and the region.

1. Abashi

   Abashi, triplochiton scleroxylon is native to Africa. The color of the wood ranges from creamy white to pale yellow. Durability is high. Used in the construction of baths and saunas. Abasha wood is good for cutting and planing, the surface is sanded well, and nails are driven well.

2. Ailanthus the highest

   Ailanthus the highest(lat. Ailanthus altissima) - a species of trees from the genus Ailanthus of the Simarubaceae family. The name comes from ailanto, which in one of the Indonesian dialects means tree of the gods. Folk names plants - Chinese ash, Chinese elderberry, vinegar tree, stinky, chumak, paradise tree, god tree. The homeland of the tallest ailanthus is China...

3. White acacia

   White acacia, robinia pseudoacacia - locust. It is considered the hardest hardwood in our country. This breed was brought to Europe from North America. Grows in Ukraine, the Caucasus, Crimea and Central Asia. White acacia is a sound species with very narrow sapwood yellowish color, sharply demarcated from greenish-gray or ...

4. Black acacia

   Black acacia, or Black Acacia(lat. Acacia melanoxylon) - a species of trees from the genus Acacia (Acacia) of the Legume family (Fabaceae). The wood of this tree may also be sold under other names Australian ebony(English) Australian Blackwood), Lightwood(English) Lightwood). In nature, the species range covers Australia, New Zealand, South America and a number of US states...

5. Amaranth

   Amaranth (amaranth tree), the heartwood of the tree copaifera bracteata of the Caesalpiniaceae family. Homeland - northern South America. The tree is very powerful, reaching a height of 25 m with a trunk thickness of up to 0.8 m. Fresh dirty-reddish wood, under the influence of light and air, acquires a beautiful reddish-violet tone with a large expressive texture. Hard, dense, but flexible wood...

6. Amendola

   Amendola, mimosa scabrella bentham, grows in South America. Wood color: from light brown to darker with dark sapwood. Durability is average. Application: parquet, decorative furniture parts. The wood is good at cutting and planing, and the surface can be sanded well.

7. Anegri

   Anegri, anegeria ssp., origin - African countries. Used for the production of high-quality furniture products and especially for the production of musical instruments. Texture Anegri very beautiful with a “pronounced” shine, especially when cut radially. Surface treatment is possible using all known methods, however, white spots may appear after treatment...

8. Satin tree

   Satin tree It is rare among us, and therefore it is very highly valued. In Russia it is used only for the production of mosaic inserts and decorations. The wood of this species can have yellow, red and brown tints. But regardless of the color of the wood, there are always tiny sparkles in it, which, when varnished, give the finished product a satiny shine and the gloss of a soft flowing fabric.

9. Afromosia

   Afromosia, afrormosia elata, pericopsi elata grows in equatorial Africa, mainly along the coast between Congo and Ghana. Mature wood is yellowish-brown (brown-golden), with dark veins. The structure of the wood is homogeneous, the fibers are located almost evenly. Afromosia is beautiful and decorative. Often used as insert elements for mosaic floors...

10. Lignum vitae

    Lignum vitae, twayak tree. Two types are used in trade: medicinal guajacum (guajacum officinale) - lignum vitae and, recently, mainly sacred guaiacum (G. sanctum) - iron wood. Evergreen, slow-growing trees 6-9 m high, 0.3 m in diameter (sometimes up to 0.7 m) grow in Central and South America. Buckout is a sound ring-vascular breed…

11. Balsa

    Balsa (balsa wood), species of the genus Ochroma (Ochroma) of the baobab family. Large trees common in humid tropical forests Central and South America. B. is easily renewed in felled areas, grows quickly and reaches maturity by 5 years; It is a lightweight (lighter than cork when dried), very durable wood, used in aircraft construction as...

12. Bamboo

    Bamboo, bambusa, grows everywhere in the tropics and subtropics, forming entire thickets or forests. Bamboo is not technically a tree. It belongs to the grass family, and its tree-like tubular stem is a woody straw, reaching 40 m in height and 30 cm in diameter in some species. The natural color of bamboo is golden-straw, alternating with darker…

13. Baobab

    Baobab(adansonia digitata), a tree of the Bombaxaceae family. Most typical for African shrouds. One of the thickest trees - the trunk circumference reaches 25 m, height 18-25 m. The leaves are palmate, falling off in the heat; the flowers are large (up to 20 cm in diameter), white; The fruits are long, similar to huge cucumbers, and develop in the hot season. B. lives up to 4-5 thousand years. From the bark...

14. Velvet tree

    Velvet tree, or Amur velvet (pheilodendron amurense) - cork wood, grows on Far East and in the southern part of Sakhalin. Velvet tree - a sound species with narrow sapwood yellow color, sharply delimited from the brownish-brown core. In the late zone of the annual layers, small vessels form groups in the form of short lines and arcuate lines directed parallel to the boundary of the layer...

15. Birch

    Birch(betula), a genus of deciduous monoecious trees and shrubs of the birch family. The bark of the trunks is white or of a different color, even black. The leaves are alternate, simple, petiolate. Staminate flowers with 2 forked stamens are collected in hanging catkins, which are formed in the summer at the ends of annual shoots. Pistillate flowers without a perianth, usually 3 (in dichasia) in the axils of the bracts...

16. Bubinga

    Bubinga(guibourtia demeuse), the wood is red-brown with red and purple sapwood. Very good durability. Used for flooring, finishing building facades, and in the construction of stairs. Can also be used outdoors. The processing is moderately difficult, sands medium, holds screws firmly. Supplied: boards, plywood and veneer.

17. Beech

    Beech(fagus), a genus of monoecious plants in the beech family. Trees up to 50 m high and 2 m in diameter with smooth gray bark. 10 species in extratropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The leaves are deciduous, simple, usually entire, often ciliated along the edge. The wood is dense, heavy, and polishes well; used for making furniture...

18. Wenge

    Wenge(millettia laurenti) grows in the tropical jungles of West Africa, all the way to Zaire. The sapwood is almost white, about 3 cm wide. Mature wood is golden brown to very dark brown with black veins. The structure is large, even-grained, the wood is very decorative. The wood is heavy, resistant to pressure and bending. Its pores contain a lot of minerals and...

19. Cherry

    Cherry(cerasus), a genus of woody plants in the Rosaceae family. The leaves are alternate. The flowers are white or pink, collected in small inflorescences - umbrellas. The fruit is a juicy drupe with a spherical stone (intracarp), containing one seed. There are 150 known species of V. The most common are V. vulgaris - the ancestor of most varieties, V. steppe, V. sandy, and V. felt. The genus V. also includes...

20. Elm

    Elm, elm, birch bark(ulmus) - elm. Highest value have three species: smooth elm (U. laevis) - European white elm, grows only in the European part of Russia; rough elm, or mountain elm (U. glabra) - wych elm - common in the same place as elm, as well as in the Far East; birch bark ( elm), or field elm (U. carpinifolia) - common elm, smooth-leaved elm - grows in the south of the European part of Russia and in Central ...

21. Gabon

    Gabon(aucoumea klaineana). Gabon wood is yellow-brown in color and is similar in many respects to mahogany, although it belongs to a different family. Easy to process and finish. The quality of the wood is below average, it is too susceptible to rot and is not durable. Glues and paints well.

22. Goncalo

    Goncalo(astronium fraxinifolium) grows in the tropical forests of South America. The sapwood is yellowish-gray to yellowish-brown. Mature wood has a general background ranging from yellowish-brown to red-brown, on which longitudinal or diagonal brown and dark brown uneven stripes stand out in contrast. In general, the drawing is large, juicy, very impressive...

23. Hornbeam

    Hornbeam(carpinus), a genus of deciduous trees, rarely shrubs of the hazel family. Trunk with smooth gray bark. The leaves are alternate, simple, double-toothed. Flowers are dioecious, monoecious; staminate - in lateral catkins of bracts, without perianth, pistillate - in few-flowered apical catkins. The fruit is a single-locular, single-seeded nut with a leaf-shaped wrapper (plush) ...

24. Pear

    Pear(pyrus), a genus of fruit trees of the apple subfamily of the Rosaceae family. About 60 species are known. The most important pear species from which the cultivated varieties originated: common pear, or forest (P. communis), growing wild in Europe, Western and Central Asia; snow pear (P. nivalis) - in Europe, Western Asia; Boissier pear (P. boissieriana) - in Central Asia and Iran; Korzhinsky pear(P. korshinskyi) - in Central Asia; late pear (P. serotina) - in East Asia; Ussuri pear(P. ussuriensis) - in the Far East...

25. Oak

    Oak(quercus), a genus of deciduous or evergreen trees, rarely shrubs of the beech family... Oak wood has high strength, hardness, durability and a beautiful texture (pattern on the section). It is used in shipbuilding and underwater structures, because it does not rot; used in carriage building, furniture, carpentry, cooperage production...

26. Dussia

    Dussia(afzelia africana) grows throughout tropical West Africa. Mature wood from old trees is reddish-brown in color. It is very resistant to external influences and is well suited in cases where significant changes in microclimatic conditions are possible during operation. Very close in properties to merbau. Wood is decorative...

27. Spruce

    Spruce(picea) - spruce occupies approximately 1/8 of the forested area. Most common spruce(P. abies) or (P. excelsa) - Common spruce and Siberian spruce (P. obovata) - siberian spruce. Much less common are 3 species that grow mainly in the mountains: Ayan spruce (P. ajanensis), oriental spruce (P. orientalis) and Schrenk spruce (Tian Shan, P. schrenkiana) - schrenk spruce. Spruce is a coreless, mature wood species. The wood is white, with a faint yellowish tint...

28. iron tree

    iron tree or parrotia persica(parrotia persica) - iron wood. Grows near Lankaran (southern coast of the Caspian Sea). A kernel-free species with wood of a pale pink color, over time it acquires brownish shades. The annual layers are poorly visible. The medullary rays can only be distinguished in a radial section. The wood is very durable and hard, with properties...

29. Willow

    Willow(salix) - willow. The genus in which the trees are white willow, or willow, (S. alba) - white willow, growing in the central and southern zone of the European part of Russia and Western Siberia; brittle willow, or pussy willow (S. fragilis) - britte willow, going slightly further north than willow, and some other species. Willow is a fast-growing species, sound-bearing, with wide white sapwood...

30. Iroko

    Iroko(Flounder) - chlorophora excelsa. It grows in all zones of tropical West Africa and is one of the most widespread African wood species. The sapwood is narrow, gray. Mature wood is yellowish-brown, partly similar to teak, and gradually darkens when exposed to air. Iroko is resistant to changes in microclimate and various wood pests. She often...

31. Elm

    Elm refers to deciduous tree species. Grows in the south of Turkmenistan, the North Caucasus, Abkhazia, Georgia, and the Caspian Sea. Wood hardness is 0.7-1.0 on the Moss scale. It does not represent industrial development, therefore it can be classified as an exotic breed. Until recently, it was used exclusively for the production of furniture and tools. Ring-vascular rock (core) ...

32. Chestnut

    Chestnut true, sweet, or edible (castanea), a genus of woody plants in the beech family. There are 14 known species, distributed in North America, Japan, China, and the Mediterranean. In cultivation - chestnut. A large, long-lasting (500 years or more) tree, up to 35 m high, up to 2 m in diameter, with a wide, spreading crown and a powerful, deep root system. The flowers are small...

33. Cedar

    Cedar(pinus) - pine. In addition to Scots pine, the genus (pinus) also includes other species, in particular those known as cedar. These include: Siberian cedar or Siberian cedar pine(P. sibirica) - siberian stone pine; Korean cedar pine(P. koraensis) - siberian pine; small pine or cedar dwarf(P. pumila); European cedar pine(P. cembra) - cembran pine…

34. Kempas

    Kempas(kempas) grows in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, etc.). Kempas can grow up to 55 m in height and up to 3 m in diameter. Trunk up to 30 m without knots. Sapwood and heartwood are very different from each other. The sapwood is about 5 cm thick, yellowish-white, the heartwood is initially light red and darkens over time to red-orange. The color of the wood is bright, immediately...

35. Keruing

    Keruing(keruing). Trees of this botanical genus grow in clustered populations over a wide range that includes Southeast Asia, Burma, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, southern Vietnam, Kampuchea and the Philippines. Wood: Sapwood is greyish-brown and distinct, usually 50-75mm wide. The color of the kernel varies from light red to reddish brown or brown...

36. Cypress

    Cypress its properties are similar to juniper, but its wood is wider-grained and darker in tone. It grows on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and in the Crimea, in the middle zone - in gardens and parks. Cypress reserves are insignificant. Cypress is represented by several types: ordinary, swamp and Levzon cypress. Common cypress is a sapwood species, the rest are soundwood...

37. Maple

    Maple(acer), a genus of trees or shrubs of the maple family. Leaves are deciduous, opposite, entire or pinnately compound. The flowers are mostly yellowish-green, in corymbs or racemes. The fruit is a double lionfish. About 150 species of maples grow in Europe, Asia, North Africa, North and Central America, and Central Asia. In Russia: in the European part, in the Far East. Maple grows...

38. Red tree

    Red tree, wood of tropical trees painted in red and brownish tones. Very durable, heavy, polishes well. The coloring of mahogany is due to the presence of dyes, sometimes extracted to make paints. To obtain mahogany, trees from the Meliaceae family are most often used: American and African mahogany(see Mahogany wood) and also sappan tree family Caesalpiniaceae from South-East. Asia (has the smell of violet), etc....

39. Larch

    Larch(Larix), genus coniferous trees pine family. Large trees, 30-35 m tall, with needles shed for the winter. The needles are soft, flat, arranged spirally on elongated shoots and in bunches of 20-40 on short shoots. Seed cones are round or oblong (young ones are reddish or green), sit at the ends of shortened leafy shoots. The seeds ripen in the first year and are dispersed in the fall or the following spring. Opened cones remain on the tree for another 2-3 years. The seeds are small, winged...

40. Maclura

    Maclura(maclura pomifera) - This tree is native to Central Texas. The wood is extremely durable, stronger than oak. It has a beautiful amber color that becomes luxuriously golden over time. Its fruits are familiar to many who have been to the Caucasus - green, round, rough in texture, the size of an apple, inedible. Since ancient times, this durable, flexible wood has been used to make the best bows.

41. Marupa

    Marupa(simarouba amara) grows in South America. The wood is the color of white straw. Durability is good. Application: parquet, musical instruments, decorative furniture parts, plywood. The wood is very good at cutting and planing, and the surface can be sanded well. Density 440-500 kg/m3.

42. Mahogany

    Mahogany (mahogany tree), dates(swietenia mahagoni), an evergreen tree of the Meliaceae family. Height up to 15 m. Grows wildly in the West Indies. The wood of the mahogany tree is hard, very durable, and heavy. The wood of many other tropical trees of the Meliaceae family (other species of this genus, as well as the genera Khaya, Dysoxylum, Carapa) and some species of other families is also known under the name mahogany.

43. Merbau

    Merbau(intsia palembanica) grows in Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines). An African breed very close in properties to the Merbau is the Doussia. Merbau reaches a height of up to 45 m and, under favorable growing conditions, the diameter can reach 2 m. On open surfaces, the trunk is short with a branched crown. Trunk up to 15 m without knots. The main color tone of merbau is brown, from light to dark brown, interspersed with yellow streaks in places. The wood is very hard and resistant to moisture...

44. Mersawa

    Mersawa(mersava) is native to Cambodia. It is superior to oak in hardness, which, combined with a relatively low price, makes it a very attractive choice for parquet.

45. Movingu

    Movingu(distemonantbus bentbamianus). Origin: Liberia, Nigeria, Gabon, Cameroon. Used as veneer for finishing premises, furniture, and parquet work. The core color ranges from lemon to yellow, with some green or brown. This wood has a glossy surface and varnishing is not particularly difficult.

46. Juniper

    Juniper(juniperus) - Juniper. Its varieties: kara-archa (J. polycarpos) - Indian juniper and saur-archa (J. cemiglobosa) grow in the mountains of Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan in the form large shrubs or small trees. Juniper is a coniferous shrub, the diameter of whose trunks reaches 10 cm. Its strong, thin-layered wood is well processed and polished, and has a specific pleasant smell. Wood darkens when exposed to sunlight. Archa, like other junipers, belong to the sound species...

47. Muirakachaira

    Muirakachaira(astronium lecointei Ducke) grows in South America. The color of the wood is light brown, turning into dark red with darker sapwood. Durability is very durable. Application: floor covering, construction of durable structures, outdoor use. The wood is good at cutting and planing, and the surface can be sanded well. Density 860 kg/m3.

48. Turmoil

    Turmoil(guibourtia arnoldiana) is native to tropical West Africa. Mature wood is light brown to olive brown with dark purple rays in color, it is shiny and very decorative. Well suited for making furniture and parquet. Mutenia is a relatively hard rock that is resistant to stress and deformation. When dried, it practically does not crack or warp. Density 800-900 kg/m3, hardness 4.0.

49. Olive Tree

    Olive Tree(olea europea) - olive family. It grows mainly in Southern Europe and areas of Asia close to it. The sapwood is light brown, later darkening somewhat. Mature wood is yellow-white, sometimes with a reddish tint, with characteristic irregular dark rays. Olive wood has a fine texture, very decorative, dense, and little susceptible to drying out. It sands very well and gives a beautiful smooth surface. Density 850-950 kg/m3, hardness about 6.0.

50. Alder

    Alder(alnus) - alder. The most important are sticky alder, or black alder (A. glutinosa) - Black alder; gray or white alder (A. incana) - specked alder, growing in the European part of Russia and Western Siberia; Siberian alder. Alder is a kernel-free species. Its wood is light, soft and viscous. It cuts very well, does not prick when carving, is not fragile, and does not crack when dried. Viscous and malleable in all directions, it is used in critical products such as musical instruments...

51. Nut

    Nut(juglas regia), a nut family, grows everywhere. Main regions: Southern Europe, Asia, America. The most common are two types: walnut (J. regia) - European walnut (grows in the Caucasus and Central Asia) and Manchurian walnut(J. mandshurica) - Manchurian walnut (in the Far East). By mechanical properties Manchurian walnut wood is significantly inferior to walnut wood. The sapwood is light, mature wood is brown-gray, with darker inclusions...

52. Ormozia

    Ormozia(ormosia) grows on the island of New Guinea. The tree belongs to the class of rare and valuable species, closing the list of such species as ebony and sandalwood. The wood is hard and dense.

53. Aspen

    Aspen(populus tremula) - Aspen is in second place in terms of area among deciduous species (1/10 of this area), grows almost everywhere. Aspen is a kernel-free species. Wood white, with a greenish tint; the annual layers are faintly visible, the medullary rays are not visible. Aspen wood has a uniform structure, is easily peeled, impregnated and does not produce a highly smoky flame (raw material for the match industry). Used in agriculture(wells, cellars, roofing shingles, etc.)…

54. Paduc

    Paduc (African padauk- pterocarpus soyauxii) grows in Cameroon, Spanish Guinea, Zaire, Nigeria and Angola. Mature wood is coral red, but gradually darkens. The structure of the wood is straight-grained, so it is easy to process. Paduk is very resistant to mechanical loads (pressure) and external influences. Dries easily, but requires slow drying.

55. Rosewood

    Rosewood(Dalbergia latifolia, Dalbergia javanica). Rosewood is the name of different species that have wood similar in color and structure. This name is most often used for wood Dahlbergia black(Dallbergia nigra) - Rio rosewood. growing in Brazil, and rosewood (D. latifolia) - Indian rosewood (in Southeast Asia). This is a hearty, scattered vascular hardwood with large vessels. The tree is very large, reaching 25 m in height and 1.5 m in diameter. Sapwood and mature wood are very different...

56. Panga-panga

    Panga-panga grows in the tropical jungles of East Africa. Mature wood is golden brown to very dark brown with black veining. The structure is large, even-grained, the wood is very decorative. The wood is heavy, resistant to pressure and bending. Its pores contain many mineral and oily substances, which make processing and, in particular, varnishing difficult. Density 900-1000 kg/m3, hardness 4.4.

57. Pau marfim

    Pau marfim(balfourodendron riedelianum) grows in South America. The wood is creamy white with light brown sapwood. Durability is long lasting. It is used in the manufacture of decorative parts for furniture, parquet, plywood, and wood paneling. The wood is good at cutting and planing, and the surface can be sanded well. Density 700 kg/m3.

58. Peroba

    Peroba(aspidosperma populifolium) grows in South America. The color of the wood is from yellow to pink-red with purple spots and pale yellow sapwood. Durability is long lasting. Application: furniture and carpentry production, flooring, veneer. Moderately easy to process, sticks well. Density 700 kg/m3.

59. Pinkado

    Pinkado(xylia dolabriformis) grows in tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, in many cases in close proximity to teak. The color of mature wood is generally reddish-brown, with streaks ranging from dark brown to violet-brown; During use it darkens somewhat. The structure of the wood is fine-fiber, intertwined, dense. Due to the peculiarities of its structure, pinkado wood is quite resistant to deformation (warping), does not split or delaminate during processing...

60. Fir

    Fir(abies) - fir. The most common types are: Siberian fir (A. sibirica) - Siberian fir; white fir (A. nephrolepis); Sakhalin fir(A. sachalinensis); Caucasian fir(A. nordmanniana); European fir, white (A. Alba) - common silver fir. Fir is a coreless, mature wood species. Wood by appearance very similar to spruce wood, but differs in the absence of resin ducts. Most high performance has Caucasian and European fir wood...

61. Oriental plane tree

    Oriental plane tree, plane tree(platanus orientalis) - European plane. The most common type of plane tree grows in Central Asia and is found in the Caucasus. Heartwood with wide grayish sapwood, not sharply demarcated from the reddish-brown core. The annual layers are poorly visible, the vessels are small and inconspicuous, the medullary rays are wide and clearly visible in all sections; on a radial section they form a characteristic texture. Plane tree wood is used in furniture production as a finishing material...

62. Punicado

    Punicado(pyinkado, Xylia planerum). Other names: pyin, pran, pkhay, irul. Grows in Burma, India. Wood. The sapwood is narrow, pale, reddish-white. The core zone is uniform, reddish-brown with a few specks or with darkish veins. The wood is dull, with straight wavy or tangled grain and a medium-sized grain. Due to deposits of resinous substances, the wood is speckled with dark sticky spots...

63. Ramin

    Ramin(gonystylus macrophyllum). The color of the wood is light yellow with light brown sapwood. Lasting durability. Application: parquet, carpentry, furniture, stairs. It glues easily, is good at cutting and planing, and sands well. Density 670 kg/m3.

64. Pink tree

    Pink tree has wood of a yellowish-brown or pinkish-brown color with brown stripes and stains; in terms of physical and mechanical properties it is close to walnut wood; well processed and finished. Used as a facing material in mosaic sets. It is a rare material, imitated by light Anatolian (American) walnut.

65. Boxwood evergreen

    Boxwood evergreen(buxus sempervirens) - european box. Grows on Black Sea coast Caucasus and Crimea. Coreless rock with light yellow, matte, very dense and hardwood; annual layers are narrow, slightly wavy, vessels and medullary rays are invisible. In terms of physical and mechanical properties, boxwood wood is close to hornbeam wood. Used for wind musical instruments, carved and turned art products.

66. Sunbau

    Sunbau(sunbau) grows in Southeast Asia. Sunbau is traditionally used to produce very expensive, exclusive furniture. In ancient times, it was used only for the manufacture of ritual objects and household items for royal persons. It is not without reason that it is called the “sun tree”. It seems to be woven from the sun's rays. When you change the viewing angle, it seems that sunbau wood has its own “inner fire”; it shimmers with a unique silky-golden light...

67. Sandalwood

    Sandalwood (sandalwood) - This different kinds trees whose wood produces paint (blue, black or red) or is used for crafts, such as: logwood, red sandalwood or caliatura wood, white or yellow sandalwood...

68. Sapeli

    Sapeli(entsndropharagma cylindricum) grows in equatorial Africa. Sapeli has properties close to true mahogany, and their surfaces are very similar. Therefore, it is often used instead of mahogany and is called by the same name or, taking into account one of the local names - zipo-mahogany. The tree is very tall and large, the trunk has a smooth cylindrical shape. Sapwood and heartwood are very different. The sapwood is wide and can have all shades from white to gray...

69. Sapodilla

    Sapodilla, Zapotilla, Chiku, Sapotile tree, Shea tree, Akhra(lat. Manilkara zapota) - fruit tree family Sapotaceae. Sapodilla- an evergreen, slow-growing tree with a pyramidal crown, 18-30 m tall. When the bark is damaged, it releases abundant white sticky latex. Sapodilla is native to southern Mexico. Currently cultivated...

70. Sequoiadendron, sequoia

    Sequoiadendron(sequoiadendron) and sequoia(Sequoia). Each genus has one species. Both grow in California (USA), mainly in nature reserves. Giant Sequoiadendron, or mammoth tree(S. giganteum) - Gigant sequoia reaches enormous sizes. Trees are known to be up to 120 m high, with a butt diameter of 15 m and an age of 6000 years. The evergreen sequoia (S. sempervirens), which is bred and grows well on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, is also not inferior in size...

71. Serezheira

    Serezheira(amburana cearensis) grows in South America. The color of the wood is yellow to medium brown with a pink tint. Durability is moderately resistant. Application: parquet, decorative furniture parts, used in shipbuilding. The wood is good at cutting and planing, and the surface can be sanded well. Density 600 kg/m3.

72. Plum

    Plum very susceptible to cracking and warping when dried. Hard and durable wood with many multi-colored veins is beautifully chipped and polished. Most often it is used to make jewelry and to emboss furniture. Turned utensils made from plum wood are also highly prized.

73. Pine

    Pine(pinus) - pine. It occupies about 1/6 of the area of ​​all forests in Russia and neighboring countries. Most common Scots pine(P. sylvestris) - common pine. It should be noted the Crimean pine (P. taurica), the wood of which differs from ordinary pine in its high resin productivity. Pine wood has a slightly pinkish core, which over time becomes brownish-red, wide sapwood from yellowish to pink, clearly visible annual layers with a clear boundary between early and late wood...

74. Sophora japonica

    Sophora japonica(saphora japonica). Moth family - Papilionaceae. Japanese Sophora is a tree up to 25 m high with a dense spreading crown, like white acacia, with smooth green branches and slightly cracked bark covering the trunk. Leaves are imparipinnate, with 11-15 pairs of leaflets; the leaves are ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, dark green above, gray-white below, due to the presence of many hairs, the petiole of the compound leaf is greatly thickened at the base...

75. Sucupira

    Sucupira- bowdichia virgilloides (Diplotropis purpurea) grows in South America, mainly in the Amazon River basin. The sapwood is narrow and almost colorless. Mature wood has beautiful reddish-brown tones interspersed with light or yellowish veining. The wood is very heavy, durable, contains oily substances, and is not damaged by pests. It is relatively difficult to process, but can be sanded and polished well. Drying should be carried out very slowly, because otherwise the wood will warp...

76. Tamarindo

    Tamarindo(dialium guianense) grows in South America. The color of the wood is brown-orange with dark sapwood. Durability is very durable. Application: flooring, finishing of building facades, outdoor use, construction of stairs. The processing is moderately difficult, the surface is sanded medium. Density 1120 kg/m3.

77. Tauari

    Tauari(couratari oblongifolia) grows in South America. Wood color is light straw with orange tint and darker sapwood. Durability is long lasting. Used to cover floors, decorative furniture parts, and musical instruments. The wood is good for cutting and planing, the surface is sanded well and glues easily. Density 620 kg/m3.

78. tiger tree

    tiger tree(muiracatiara) - an unusual breed, has a warm copper color with a rich texture and contrasting color stripes.

79. Teak

    Teak (teak, theca tree), (Tectona grandis), a tree of the verbena family, up to 40-50 m high, with large (30-60 cm long) leaves. The flowers are small, in panicles. The fruits are drupe-shaped. Grows in deciduous forests of Asia from India to Indonesia. The wood is beautiful - golden brown with dark inclusions or areas, the texture is well defined, the direction of the grain is even or slightly wavy. The sapwood is white, narrow. Yellowish kernel that turns brown when dry...

80. Yew

    Yew(taxus) - yew - a very ancient breed. Currently there are two types: European yew(T. bacata) - common yew (in the mountain forests of the Caucasus and Crimea) and pointed yew, Far Eastern(T. caspidata) - japanese yew. Yew wood has a red-brown heartwood and sharply demarcated narrow yellowish-white sapwood. The annual layers are sinuous, there are no resin passages. Wood has a beautiful texture and is valued as a finishing material; high-quality furniture is made from it...

81. Poplar

    Poplar(populus) - poplar. This genus unites 30 species, including aspen, considered separately. The most widespread are black poplar, or sedge, (P. nigra) - Black poplar and white poplar (P. alba) - White poplar, growing over a vast territory of Russia. Its wood is very soft, light, and its density is even lower than that of linden and aspen. Therefore, poplar is used to make wooden shovels, troughs, dugout boats, and plywood. This is a soundwood species with white sapwood and light brown heartwood...

82. Thuja

    There are many types of thuja, but one growing in Algeria is especially valued as a furniture material. The vibrancy of the paint, the subtlety and grace of the arrangement of the veins, the soft transitions of tones, the ease of polishing and the glassy luster - everything about this wood is good. Outperforms the best grades of mahogany. Particularly beautiful are the brown-pink specks that, like leopard skin, dot the entire surface; this coloring gives the tree a magnificent, original look. All shades and colors retain their vibrancy, which should also be listed among the advantages of thuja...

83. Fernambuc

    Fernambuc used in making mosaics. The most expensive are violin bows and conductor's batons made from this wood. When stored, fernambuco can change color from yellow with an orange tint to dark cherry or even black. Its wood practically does not rot and does not warp when dry. But a freshly felled tree dries out greatly, cracks and changes shape. In terms of severity in processing, it is second only to eucalyptus.

84. Purple heart

    Purple heart (Roshino), (peltogine spp) is native to South America. The color of the wood is violet-purple or deep purple with creamy white to pinkish-brown sapwood. Application: in turning, furniture production, flooring, tiling work, in the construction of bridges, light ships. Moderately difficult to process, requires little sanding, easy to glue. Durability - very durable. Density - 880 kg/m3.

85. Pistachio

    Pistachio(pistacia) - pistachio tree. Within Russia and near abroad two types grow: pistachio obtufolia, or keva tree, (P. mutica) - amblyophyllos pistachio (in Transcaucasia and Crimea) and real pistachio(P. vera) - in Central Asia. Pistachio belongs to the heartwood species with wide yellowish-white sapwood, sharply limited from the kernel, which in the freshly cut state has a greenish-brown color. During chamber drying or long-term storage, the kernel becomes reddish-brown...

86. Tsedr

    Tsedr(cedrus ssp). Origin: North Africa, Asia, Himalayas. The most famous is the Satin Zest from North Africa. In Europe, zest grows in parks and artificial plantings. Zedr is the longest-lived tree, which can be up to 3000 years old. Currently used in the production of furniture, but previously it was actively used for shipbuilding. Zedr has a reddish-light wood that has a characteristic pungent odor...

87. Che

    Che(che) is native to Southeast Asia. The wood, which is superior in hardness to oak, has an attractive “chocolate” hue.

Cherries it is very similar in appearance to cherry, but reaches such a thickness that it can be sawn into boards. Its wood is denser and harder than that of cherry, and therefore its use is preferable. This tree is highly susceptible to wormholes. It is good for “light” furniture sets and individual Art Nouveau items.

88. Ebony

    Ebony , some species of trees, mainly tropical, most often the ebony family, as well as acacia blackwood(acacia melanoxylon) mimosa family (from Australia), Dalbergia blackwood(Dalbergia melanoxylon) of the moth family (from Africa) and some others. The wood of these trees is also called ebony. It is black in color, often with different shades, heavy (specific gravity > 1), hard, does not chip easily, polishes well, it is used for finishing expensive furniture...

89. Mulberry

    Mulberry (Mulberry tree) has reddish-brown wood. Its sapwood is narrow. When exposed to light, wood darkens over time. It is difficult to process with a cutting tool, but polishes very well. Finds application in turning and mosaic work. The best variety is black mulberry.

90. Eben

    Eben (ebony), dark-colored wood of some species of tropical trees of the ebony family and a number of other families. Its color varies from green to black. The best varieties ebony is obtained from tropical species of persimmon (Diospyros crassiflora, D. ebenum, D. haplostylis, D. melanoxylon, D. reticulata, etc.); their heartwood is black, uniform in structure, heavy (density greater than 1), hard; growth rings and medullary rays are invisible...

91. Eucalyptus

    Eucalyptus(eucalyptus), a genus of plants in the myrtle family. Mostly evergreen trees, often reaching a height of 100 m, or shrubs. The location and shape of the leaves, depending on the age of the plants, are different, but the leaves are always entire, usually fragrant (contain essential oils). The flowers are regular, bisexual, with numerous stamens; ovary inferior. The fruit is a capsule consisting of a truncated woody tube of the receptacle, in which there is an ovary fused with it...

92. Apple tree

    Apple tree widely represented in both cultivated and wild states in all areas. It has a slightly textured, pinkish, reddish or brownish color with slight deviations in tone. Its wood is moderately hard and dense, well finished, polished and processed. cutting tool, however, it warps a lot. In mosaic works it is used for sets of portraits, landscapes and geometric patterns. In carpentry it is used for making hand tool blocks...

93. Yacaranda

    Yacaranda, jacaranda(jacaranda), a genus of plant in the bignoniaceae family. Trees or shrubs with opposite, usually double-pinnate leaves. Flowers with a tubular-bell-shaped or funnel-shaped corolla, in a paniculate inflorescence. The fruit is a capsule with winged seeds. 40-50 species, in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere. Jacaranda brasiliensis(J. brasiliana), jacaranda obtufolia(J. obtusifolia) and other species produce valuable wood (rosewood). Many types of yakoranda are decorative, including warm countries they are used culturally.

94. Yarra

    Yarra- eucalyptus. Fast-growing yarrah is common in the south-eastern part Western Australia, reaches a height of 30-45 m and a diameter of 90-150 cm. The trunk is without knots up to a height of 20 m. Jarrah (lat. jarrah) is the trade name of one of more than 500 varieties of Australian eucalyptus, characterized by a particularly bright color (all shades of red colors, mainly from strawberry to dark red). Over time, the yarra darkens and its color can acquire very diverse shades...

95. Ash

    Ash(fraxinus), a genus of plants in the olive family. Trees, sometimes shrubs, usually with imparipinnate opposite leaves. The buds are mostly black or brown. The flowers are small, in terminal or lateral panicles or racemes. The fruit is a lionfish. Over 60 species, in Eurasia, North America, North Africa, Central Asia. There are 11 species in Russia, in the European part, in the Caucasus and the Far East. Common ash, or European (F. excelsior), is a tree up to 40 m high with a wide spreading crown...

96. Jatoba

    Jatoba (Jatoba, kurbaril) - (hymenaea courbaril) grows in tropical Central and America from Mexico to the Amazon River basin. The sapwood is grayish-white, relatively wide, the wood has very beautiful and decorative tones from orange-brown to violet-brown. The wood is heavy, durable, hard and at the same time relatively elastic. It is difficult to process, but can be ground and polished to an almost mirror-like shine. When sanding, in some cases, coloration of the wood pores may appear...

Deciduous evergreen crops always create a good microclimate, improve the environment, and are always planted in places where people live. Deciduous trees differ big amount decorative characteristics. You can find crops with a large and beautifully colored crown, attractive inflorescences and unusual fruits. Large deciduous trees are best planted in a park or square, and slow-growing dwarf trees are best planted in summer cottages. It is important to know what types of deciduous trees there are and their names.

Features of cultivation

Deciduous wood is easy and simple to process, so it is also often used in the woodworking industry and construction. Some useful components of such plants are widely used in medicine. Many of them give a person a large number of fruits and berries, while others are attractively decorated summer cottages and free space, creating unusual compositions.

List of common plants

Trees are divided into two main groups: soft-leaved and hard-leaved. The first group includes the following names of deciduous trees: birch, poplar, alder, linden. The names of trees in the city are ash, oak and maple. In the conditions of our country, birch, poplar, ash, maple, bird cherry, linden, cherry and apple trees adapt best.